• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.5
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• pp.375-398
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• 2002

Um von der 'kritischen' Situation des Faches DaF rauszukommen, werden viele Versuche untemommen, durch die Verbesserung des Untenichts in der Richtung nach der Entwicklung der kommunikativen $F\"{a}higkeit$ Deutsch als Fremdsprache wieder attraktiv und $konkurrenzf\"{a}hig$ zu machen. Aber leider sieht die Zwischenbilanz nicht so erfolgreich aus. Eine der Ursachen $daf\"{u}r\;l\"{a}sst$ sich mE. darin sehen, dass die $Ans\"{a}tze,\;die\;haupts\"{a}chlich\;f\"{u}r$ den Unterricht von Deutsch als Zweitsprache entwickelt wurden, ohne $gen\"{u}gende$ Berucksichtigung auf die kulturellen und institutionellen Unterschiede zwischen den Lemsituationen im zielsprachigen Land und im Heimatland der Schuler eingesetzt werden. In diesem Kontext $w\"{a}re\;es\;n\"{o}tig$, auf die Unterschiede zwischen DaF und DaZ und ihre Wirkung auf die Lehrstrategien im DaF-Unterricht zuruckzugreifen, Dabei sind auf einige Faktoren besonders zu achten, die DaF-Untenicht vom DaZ-Untenicht unterscheiden: die Mangel an den $M\"{o}glichkeiten$ der authentischen Kommunikation, die $Homogenit\"{a}t\;der\;Sch\"{u}ler$, die Lemkultur in der schlulischen Institution, das Alter, in dem die Sch\"{u}ler$ mit dem Lemen der Zielsprache beginnen. Daraus lassen sich die folgenden unterrichtlichen Konsequenzen ergeben: Die Lehrer sollten sich bemtihen, den $Sch\"{u}lern\;die\;M\"{o}glichkeiten\;f\"{u}r$ die authentischen Kommunikation besorgen, besonders $au{\ss}erhaib$ des Unterrichts, z.B. durch das Chatting- Projekt, $w\"{a}hrend$ im Unterricht mehr $Anl\"{a}sse\;f\"{u}r$ die Reflexion gegeben sollten. Und dabei sollten die unterrichtlichen Vorteile-die gemeinsame Muttersprache und Kultur, das Alter usw. - aktiv benutzt werden. Die meisten Koreaner beginnen $n\"{a}mlich$ mit dem Lernen der zweiten Fremdsprache erst in oder nach der $Pubert\"{a}t$. In diesem Zusammenhang sollte es auch betont werden, dass sich die Autonomie der Lerner durch den Unterricht richtig entwickelt, damit sie $sp\"{a}ter$ ihre Fertigkeiten autonom entwickeln $k\"{o}nnen$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.118-123
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• 1998

정형방법들은 명세와 설계 문제들에서 모호성, 불완전성, 그리고 불일치성을 보다 쉽게 발견하고 수정하기 위해 사용된다. Z 저형 명세 언어를 객체 지향 패러다임으로 기술하기 위하여, 클래스 기술에 대한 명확한 정의가 필요하다. 그리고 이를 증명할 수 있는 프로토타입이 필수적이다. Z 스키마의 숨김 연산자와 그의 확장인 논리 한정 연산자와 투사 연산자를 이용하여 클래스의 원리를 가지는 클래스 스키마를 유도하여 정의한다. 유도된 클래스 스키마가 상속성, 다형성, 캡슐화 등의 객체 지향 원리를 가지는가에 대한 증명하기 위한 프로토타입을 설계한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.123-136
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• 2013

The Feature model can not be guaranteed the syntactic accuracy of its model and be difficult the validation using automatic tool for its syntax, because this model is expressed by a graphical and informal structure in itself. Therefore, there is a need to formalize and check for the feature model, to precisely define syntax for construct of the model. This paper presents a Z formal specification and a model checking mechanism of the feature model to guarantee the correctness of the model. It first defines the translation rules between feature model and Z, and then converts the syntax of the feature model into the Z schema specification by applying these rules. Finally, the Z schema specification is checked syntax, type, and domain errors using the Z/Eves validation tool to assure the correctness of its specification, With the use of the proposed method, we may express more precisely the construct of the feature model. Moreover the domain analyst are able to usefully verify the errors of the generated feature model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.115-117
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 Mobile IPv6에 사이클이 있음을 Alloy로 명세(specification)하고 Alloy 분석기로 검증(verification)한 것을 해석해 보겠다. Acyclicity를 만족하지 못함으로 해서 모바일호스트는 이동을 하지 못하고 계속 사이클을 돌게 된다. Alloy는 Rational의 UML과 같은 객체모델링 언어인데, 일차논리와 집합에 기반을 둔 Z에서부터 파생되었다. Alloy는 작은 모델들을 위한 명세 언어로, Alloy 모델은 그래픽과 텍스트를 모두 지원한다. Alloy로 명세 된 것을 쉽게 분석 할 수 있는 검증도구로 Alloy 분석기가 있는데, 이러만 도구를 이용함으로써 손쉽고 빠르게 검증을 할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.189-189
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• 1998

점막하 구개열(submucous cleft palate)은 특징적인 임상적 해부학적 기형을 나타내는데 이분 구개수(bifid uvula), 근육의 분리(muscular diastasis), 경구개 후연의 절흔(frank notching of the posterior hard palate)등이다. 결국 이러한 기형을 교정하지 않으면 과비음과 공명장애로 인한 조음장애는 사회생활에 중요한 영향을 미치고, 사람의 인상에 나쁜 영향을 주게되어 개인의 인성 형성의 장애와 삶의 질의 저하를 초래하게 된다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2012

Background and Objectives : MPT is directly related to degree of glottal closure. So it is widely used in the assessment of glottal closure with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. But MPT could be influenced not only by glottal closure but also by pulmonary function. So MPT might not reflect glottal closure in UVFP with decreased pulmonary function. The purpose of the study is to evaluate usefulness of MPT and ratio of /s/ time to /z/ time before and after injection laryngoplasty in UVCP with decreased pulmonary function. Materials and Methods : This study involved 34 patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis : with decreased pulmonary function in group A (n=15) : with normal pulmonary function in group B (n=19). All patients underwent injection laryngoplasty. Paramters of perceptual analysis, acoustic analysis, aerodynamic analysis, videostroboscopy were compared between two groups. Results : Breathness and asthenic scale, G scale of perceptual analysis were significantly improved in both groups. Glottal gap index were significantly decreased after injection in both groups. In aerodynamic analysis, MPT was improved after injection laryngoplasty in both groups, but S/Z ratio was improved only in group B. In correlation analysis, /s/ time was not correlated with pulmonary function. Conclusion : S/Z ratio reflects neither the pulmonary function nor the glottal clousure properly. MPT is more useful indicator than S/Z ratio to evaluate vocal fold paralysis even with decreased pulmonary function.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.261-264
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• 2011

자바프로그램 검증은 안전하고 정확한 프로그램을 만들기 위한 필수적인 조건이지만 자바언어로 작성된 프로그램은 바이트코드로 작성되어 있는 클래스 파일로 배포되기 때문에 바이트코드에 대한 검증이 필요하다. 하지만 자바 바이트코드는 가독성이 떨어져 중간언어로 변환을 하고 그 중간코드에서 검증에 필요한 조건들을 작성 해야 한다. 이 논문에서는 새로 정의된 중간언어인 BIRS을 통해 컴파일시 검증이 되지 않는 배열 오버플로우에 대한 정적검증을 설명하고 검증 절차에 필요한 명제의 정의와 검증 시 사용되는 SMT-Solver 인 Z3 의 사용법에 대하여 서술하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.24-33
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• 1996

PLCs are vital components of modern automation systems, which have penetrated into almost every industry. Many industries have a demand for facilitation of PLC programming. In this study, a programning system for sequential control is developed on a personal computer. This programming system consists of two main parts, a GRAFCET editor and a GRAFCET compiler. The GRAFCET editor enables us to model an actual sequential process by a GRAFCET diagram. This GRAFCET editor is developed by the menu-driven method based on specific menus and graphic symbols. The GRAFCET compiler consists of two parts, a GRAFCET parser and a code generator. The possible errors in a drawn GRAFCET diagram are first checked by the GRAFCET parser which generates finally an intermediate code from a verified CRAFCET diagram. Then the intermediate code is converted into a control code of an actual sequential controller by the code generator. To show the usefulness of this programming system, this system is applied to a pneumatically controlled handling robot. For this robot, a Z-80 microprocessor is used as the actual sequential controller.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.457-466
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• 2021

This study sought to identify the effectiveness of training programs by developing mobile app-based training programs to enhance memory, attention, and language function, which is known to be vulnerable to menopause women. It was conducted on 40 Climacteric woman between 40 to 60 years complaining about cognitive function decline. The mobile app-based cognitive training was an 8 week program. There were a total of 24 sessions and each session took 20-30 minutes, three times per week. The survey was carried out including a baseline study pre and post intervention study. The research variables were objective cognitive function (overall cognitive function, memory, attention, and language function), subjective cognitive function and quality of life. The cognitive training program showed a significant increase in overall cognitive function(t=-8.688, p<.001), memory(t=-4.765, p<.001), attention : number of correct answers(t=-7.293, p<.001), language high frequency response speed(Z=-2.179, p=.036), language low frequency response speed(Z=-2.737, p=.009) and quality of life (t=-3.358, p=.002). However, there was no significant difference in the scores for subjective cognitive function. The cognitive training program was found to be an effective intervention for improving the cognitive function of Climacteric women. It could be used as a cognitive intervention tool that is accessible at home without expert help.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.6
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• pp.431-442
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• 2010

Because embedded system is combined system of hardware and software, we should design by considering elements such as real-time, reactive, small size, low weight, safe, reliable, harsh environment, low cost, and so on. However, those are poorly reflected on current embedded system development. Especially, there is few existed framework-based embedded system development. As a result, there are many internal codes which is not related with system operation in currently developed embedded system, and reusability or variability is not considered into embedded system development. Therefore we propose a formal specification technique using Z language to guarantee completeness or consistency of design of reusability framework proposed for improving reusability of embedded system. Also we assure correctness of framework design by checking Z model through Z-Eves Tool.