• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.281-290
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• 1998

Thirty-eight sediment samples collected from the Youngsan River channel were analysed for Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Cu, Nl, Zn and Pb to recognize the extent of contamination. Results showed that a wide range of contents was apparent far every metal over the study area. These differences have been mainly related to the textural variability of sediments. Exceptions to this were fecund in the contents of Cu, Zn, Pb and possibly Mn. The contents of Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn were particularly higher in the sediments loom the confluence of tributaries. Downstream profile of metal/Al ratios indicates that pollutant inputs from the Kwangju tributary are mainly responsible for enrichment of these metals in bed sediments of the Young-san River.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 1986

The need of forecasting river flows arised whenever a river authority must make controls to protect the life and property from the flood and maintain the adequate flows for water use. This study is on the real time flood forecasting from the gauged and ungauged rainfall input and identification of second-order autoregressive(AR(2)) which is used as system model. A Kalman filter is used to obtain the values of the system parameters needed for the optimal control strategy. This system model was applied to the data at the Naiu gauging station in Young san river basin to check the accuracy and efficiency of prediction. One step ahead prediction is checked by stochastic analysis and the order of autoregressive model is proved to be satisfied, Discussions on interesting features of the model are presented.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.181-184
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• 2007

Up to now, a lot of houses, roads and other urban facilities have been damaged by natural disasters such as flash floods and landslides. It is reported that the size and frequency of disasters are growing greatly due to global warming. In order to mitigate such disaster, flood forecasting and alerting systems have been developed for the Han river, Geum river, Nak-dong river and Young-san river. These systems, however, do not help small municipal departments cope with the threat of flood. In this study, a real-time urban flood forecasting service (U-FFS) is developed for ubiquitous computing city which includes small river basins. A test bed is deployed at Tan-cheon in Gyeonggido to verify U-FFS. Wireless sensors such as rainfall gauge and water lever gauge are installed to develop hydrologic forecasting model and CCTV camera systems are also incorporated to capture high definition images of river basins. U-FFS is based on the ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) that is data-driven model and is characterized by its accuracy and adaptability. It is found that U-FFS can forecast the water level of outlet of river basin and provide real-time data through internet during heavy rain. It is revealed that U-FFS can predict the water level of 30 minutes and 1 hour later very accurately. Unlike other hydrologic forecasting model, this newly developed U-FFS has advantages such as its applicability and feasibility. Furthermore, it is expected that U-FFS presented in this study can be applied to ubiquitous computing city (U-City) and/or other cities which have suffered from flood damage for a long time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1338-1342
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• 2005

최근에 하천수질이 악화되고 물 수요량이 증대됨에 따라 사회적으로 하천의 유지관리문제가 중요시되고 있는 실정이다. 보다 효율적인 수질관리를 위해서 수질모델을 이용하여 장래 수질예측결과를 토대로 수질보전 대책 및 오염원 저감 계획을 수립하여야 하는데, 이러한 수질모델의 구성을 위해서는 장기간의 수질 및 유량측정자료의 구축이 선행되어져야하므로 시간적$\cdot$경제적인 어려움이 따르게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 영산강을 대상유역으로 선정하고, 영산강 유역 환경청과 영산강 홍수통제소에서 운영$\cdot$관리하는 관측망 자료인 수질자료와 수위자료를 이용하여 수질모델을 구축하고, 장래 수질예측을 실시하였다. 수질예측결과 영산강은 광주하수종말처리장 방류수의 수질농도가 지대한 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되어 광주하수종말처리장 처리효율에 따른 수질변화를 모의하였다.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.26
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• pp.57-75
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• 2005

The burial custom in the Youngsan river area was to build a jar-coffin and lay the body in state, however the methods in building and moulding the massive jar, as well as in which kiln it was made has not been examined precisely. Thus, this research not only investigates previous results related to the manufacturing methods of massive jar-coffins, but also examines samples that were excavated and collected. The clay used to produce jar-coffin consists a large portion of unglazed qualities, which was split-moulded from the bottom up to the mouth area. The interior was finished by applying water, whereas the exterior was decorated by regularly pasting or stamping in parallel with a lattice design. It can be presumed that the finished jar-coffin was not moved, but the ceiling and walls were built around it as a kiln, for the jar-coffin to be oxidized or to reduce the flame condition in a temperature approximately $700~1,200^{\circ}C$The results from the research, however, show limitations to exploit the exact manufacturing method, therefore there is a need for in-depth examinations: mineralogical investigation on a large amount of jar-coffin samples through a polarized light microscope; substance analysis using various equipments; speculation on the temperature in the place of production and the flame inside.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1098-1102
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• 2005

2차원 홍수터 구획체계를 하도와 결합한 폐합형 계산모형을 적용하여 홍수터에서의 흐름을 모의하였다. 사용된 모형은 홍수터 흐름에 대해서는 각 구획에서의 수량보존에 관한 연속방정식 및 인접구획간 하도형 또는 월류형 수위-유량 관계식을, 하천 본류에 대해서는 1차원 부정류에 대한 St. Venant 방정식을 각각 지배방정식으로 하여 흐름을 모의하는 준2차원 계산모형으로서, 폐합형 하천수계에 대한 부정류 해석 수치기법을 홍수터 흐름까지 포함하도록 확장한 것이다. 모형의 적용 대상 지역은 영산강의 나주 수위표에서부터 고막원천 합류점까지의 구간으로서 나주수위표 지점에서의 200년 빈도 홍수 자료를 사용하여 침수해석을 수행하였다. 도심지 구간의 침수피해 저감을 위한 선택적 침수유도계획을 수립하기 위하여, 현 상태에서의 홍수범람 모의결과 및 방어조절지를 둔 경우에 범람형태에 대한 모의결과를 비교하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1343-1347
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 영산강 유역을 대상유역으로 영산강을 양질의 수자원으로 보전함으로서 수생태계 회복 및 영산호 수자원의 다목적 이용을 도모하기 위한 기초자료를 제시하였다. 이를 위해 영산강 유역을 11개 소유역으로 구분하고, 각 소유역별로 조사$\cdot$분석된 자료를 QUAL2E모형에 입력하여 장래수질예측을 실시하였다. 수질예측 결과를 토대로 각 하도구간에 설정된 목표수질을 만족하도록 오염부하량을 삭감하여 소유역별 최대허용오염부하량(Total Maximum Daily Load)을 제시하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.302-307
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• 2002

The characteristics of trace metals were investigated in the sediments of the Mokpo coastal area, southwestern coast of Korea. Surface sediments were collected in September 3, 2002 after a strong rain event. The sampling sites were categorized into the inner and outer harbour based on salinity distribution and difference of trace metal concentration was evidence between these two zones. The enrichment factor (E' F) of Zn and Cr were high at the mouth of Mokpo Harbour and $E \cdot F$ of Cu was high at the east-south of Dali Island. One hundred percent of Mn and Pb samples and $40\%$ of Zn samples had E' F higher than 1 suggesting that they are accumulated in the entire outer of Mokpo Harbour. Trace metals appeared to be accumulated in the inner harbour by input of sediments in the discharged freshwater from Young-San River during strong rainfall whereas they were influenced by natural sedimentation and human activities in part.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.4 no.1 s.6
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• pp.53-60
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• 1989

This study was performed to investigate the contents of heavy metals in Anguilla japonica habiting in Korea. The samples were collected along by Nak Tongriver, Young San river and culture farms. Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Manganese, Chromium were tested by the Atomic Absoption Spectrop-hotometer after wet digestion, Mercury was tested by using mercury analyzer. The results were as follows: 1. Aresenic, Copper contents in the four parts were the higest values in liver 2. In total mercury contents of the each parts, the higest value was detected in muscle. 3. In all metals, Zinc and Manganese were detected with high contents, Mecury and Cadmium were detected with low contents. Lead, Cadmium, Zinc, chromiumi, Manganese were detected with high in bone. 4, The difference was not significant between natural and feeding Anguilla Japonica, but significant correlation with parts.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.561-574
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• 2013

This study investigates energy fluxes measured near Gangjeong-Goryeong Weir of the Nakdong River of South Korea for more than a year, from July 2011 to September 2012, in order to analyze the applicability of the data for future impact analyses. Each of the two study sites is located in a rural area, surrounded by agricultural fields, and an urban industrial area. Sensible and latent heat fluxes are analyzed according to the wind direction. In the summertime, when the wind blows from the river, sensible heat tends to decrease and latent heat tends to increase at both sites. This result is considered to be caused by moisture transfer from the river. Bowen ratio, energy balance closure, momentum flux, and stability are analyzed as well. The Bowen ratio of the rural agricultural site turns out higher than that of the urban site regardless of the season. The energy balance closure is higher at the agricultural site compared to the urban area, which is mainly due to exclusion of the storage term calculation at the urban site. The momentum flux is greater at the urban site both in winter and summer. The instability lasts longer during daytime and in the summertime, when there is a strong turbulence. The data from these sites are appropriate to be used in analyzing the impact of river in surrounding areas for future studies.