• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.428-436
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• 2001

Purpose: To compare the differences of health-promoting behavior. life satisfaction and self-esteem between the young old and the old old. Method: The subjects were a volunteer sample of 200 elderly in K city. The instruments for this study were Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (47 items). Life Satisfaction Scale(20 items) and Self-Esteem Scale(10 items). Frequency, percentage, t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient with SAS program were used to analyze the data. Result: 1) There was a statistical significance(t=2.479. p<05) in health-promoting behavior between the young old and the old old which showed, on an average. 3.306 points in the young old and 2.872 points in the old old. 2) There was a statistical significance ( t = 1. 530. p<05) in self-esteem between the young old and the old old which showed. on an average. 3.091 points in the young old and 2.981 points in the old old. Conclusion: The old old is less the level of health-promoting behavior and self-esteem than the young old. It is necessary to develop comprehensive health-promoting program in order to improve a healthy lifestyle for the old old.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.332-341
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• 2019

This study is a descriptive survey study to investigate the quality of sleep and to compare the factors relating quality of sleep in the young-old people and the old-old people. The subjects of the study were 200 elderly people who live in the G-region applying convenient expression method. Using a structured questionnaire, sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and health-related characteristics, depression, and quality of sleep were examined. We analyzed ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test, ANOVA(scheffe's test), Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression using IBM SPSS WIN/21.0. The results of the study were as follows. The quality of sleep was significantly worse in the old-old people than in the young-old people. In young-old people, only depression (r=-.22, p=.038) showed a significant negative correlation with sleep quality. Old-old people was a significant negative correlation between sleep quality and depression (r=-.19, p=.045) and subjective health status (r=-.29, p=.002). In the young-old people, job, chronic illness, and economic level were significant influencing factors in the quality of sleep. In the old-old people, chronic disease, subjective health status, and smoking were significant influencing factors. The results of this study can be used as basic data for establishing tailored strategy for ages that can improve health of the elderly.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2016

The bioelectrical impedance (BI) for the young and the elderly was measured using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). First, while applying a current of $600{\mu}A$ to the foot and hand, BI was measured at 50 frequencies ranging from 5 to 1000 kHz. The BI for young subjects was considerably lower than that for old subjects since young subjects have more lean mass (hydration). The prediction marker was 0.74 for young subjects and 0.78 for old subjects. Second, a Cole-Cole diagram was obtained for young subjects and old subjects, indicating the different characteristic frequencies. At 50 kHz, the average phase angle was $7.8^{\circ}$ for young subjects whereas that was $6.1^{\circ}$ for old subjects. Third, BIVA was analyzed for young subjects and old subjects. The vector length was 210.89 [${\Omega}/m$] for young subjects and 326.12 [${\Omega}/m$] for old subjects. At 50 kHz, the resistance (R/H) and the reactance ($X_C/H$) divided by height were 208.94 [${\Omega}/m$] and 28.68 [${\Omega}/m$] for young subject, and 324.33 [${\Omega}/m$] and 34.09 [${\Omega}/m$] for old subjects.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.602-607
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• 2017

This study was undertaken to compare the gait characteristics between the Korean elderly and young adults, we measured the plantar pressure and contact time of gait with barefoot along a walkway at their preferred walking speed. The results indicate that older people exhibited significantly less plantar pressure than young adult in all 3 regions (FF, MF and RF) and significantly less time % on the initial contact phase (ICP), forefoot push-off phase (FFPOP) and significantly more % forefoot contact phase (FFCP) and foot flat phase (FFP). The converted plantar pressure value to percentage, it showed more pressure in forefoot (FF) in the elderly person than the young adults. It could be explained that the forward shifting in plantar pressure are associated with a more flexed posture of elderly such as actual stabilizing fearrelated adaptations. Longer total foot contact time in the elderly means that the old people show the decreased gait velocity. In other words, lower velocity was found to be associated with pre-existing fear of falling. With longer contact time and slower stepping movement, the elderly become more unstable. With these findings, it could be confirmed that there were significant changes in foot characteristics which contribute to alter the plantar pressure and contact time during gait with advancing age. Further research is required to establish possible links to risk of falling and development of footwear in the elderly adults.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.229-235
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• 2005

Pneumonia is an inflammation that forms at the mesopulmonum and alveolus that is also an acute infection with fever and cough. It is difficult for doctors to diagnose pneumonia in elderly patients, due to the variety of symptoms. For this reason, it, with its complications, is a major cause of death for the elderly. In this case, improvement was seen in an elderly patient diagnosed with pneumonia by X-ray, and by using Si-Kyung-Ban-Ha-Tang-Ka-Mi-Bang as a way of Kong-Bo-Kyum-Si, because in this case pneumonia was presumed Dam-Yel-Ong-Pye and Ki-Eum-Yang-Huh due to the weakness associated with old age. This thesis proposes that the elderly are better treated differently from other pneumonia patients due to the weakness that comes with old age.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.861-881
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• 2019

The purposes of this study are to examine the factors affecting retirement satisfaction, focusing on health, social activity and social security anticipation, and to compare the results between young-old and middle-old. A total of 860 retired people who live alone or live with their spouses were selected from 6th Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, and binomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze 416 young-old(aged from 65 to 74) and 444 middle-old(aged from 75 to 83). The results are as follows. First, there was no significant difference in retirement satisfaction between young-old and middle-old. Second, when factors affecting retirement satisfaction was examined, young-olds showed hgher retirement satisfaction with higher perception of health condition and mental health condition, and showed lower retirement satisfaction with higher expectation of long-term care insurance. Middle-old was likely to show higher retirement satisfaction when they had better perspective on physical and mental health condition. The results of the study show that health condition of elderly is an important contributing factor in determining retirement satisfaction of the elderly. Based on the results of the study, political and practical suggestions were proposed to improve retirement satisfaction.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.49-61
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• 2014

Due to the rapid population's aging, the life span's expansion and social & cultural characteristics, the standards of age classes in senescence are changed. Thus, this study aimed to identify the influential factors on health care utilization in the elderly by age class, and targeted 2,937 adults in their ages over 55 years old from the Korea Health Panel's 2009 Yearly Integrated Data. This study investigated the target health care utilization in the elderly in relation with the gender, the education level, the health-care insurance type, the income, the current job state, the chronic disease. In order to analyze the influential factors on health care utilization in the elderly, the multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to the data. As the results from this study, Concerning the influential factors on the health care utilization, the income, the subjective health state, the chronic disease and the regularly meals for the young-old influenced. Concerning the influential factors on the health care utilization, the subjective health state for the old. Concerning the influential factors on the health care utilization, the subjective health state, the income for the older-old influenced. Concerning the influential factors on the health care utilization, the education level, the spouse, the economic activity and the drinking oldest-old influenced. Therefore, it will need to provide systemic health-care & medical services, to develop health-care & medical programs and the health-care & medical policies and to execute them according to the age classes in senescence.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.141-154
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide the information of the aged olds for which basic data are almost no available. The subjects were divided on the base of age 75. The elderly under 75 were named 'the young olds' and over 75 were 'the aged olds'. The aim of this research is to promote health and to improve nutrition, and the survey was made for health promotion behaviors, habits against health risk, dietary management status and diet intake. And it was conducted by 24 hr-recall method and analyzed by nutrients intake. 242 subjects were collected in 12 cities or counties in Gyeonggi Province and 20 elderly people (10 male and 10 female) were selected out of 1 village in each district. Questionnaire about health behavior and dietary management was carried out by interview method through regional home extension workers. Statistical analyses were made by SAS (version 8.1) and Chi-square tests and General Linear Models were used. Out of the subjects the aged olds over 75 was 31.9%, elementary school educated (93.5%), with spouse (40.3%), with adult children(28.6%), monthly living cost of 500-1,000 thousand won(40.3%). Mean age was 78.82 years compared with 69.75 years of the young olds. 46.8% of the aged olds used monthly pocket money over 1000 won and it was lower than 63.3% of the young olds. Only half of the aged olds had regular exercise of walking (77.8%) or with athletic equipment (17.8%). However, the young olds did more frequent walking (82.1 %) and less exercise with athletic equipment (4.8 %), which was significantly different. Kinds of disease were different with the young or the aged olds, as more proportion of cardiovascular disease(37.9%) for the young olds and joint lumbago neuralgia(41.6%) for the aged olds. Dietary management was good (3 meals per day: 93.4%, fixed mealtime: 72.4%, and regular amount: 79.9%). But there was significant difference in side dish varieties and kinds of snacks; for the aged olds only 8% had over 5 sorts (compared with 18.8% of the young olds) and the kinds of snacks were cookie, candy, juice, carbonated beverage for the aged olds (compared with noodle, milk, soybean-milk for young olds). The ratio of nutrients intake (energy, riboflavin and niacin) with RDA was significantly higher for the aged olds than that of the young olds. The surveyed subjects had no difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), but some of the aged olds had difficulties in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) like housekeeping, using transportation, going shopping and making phone calls. These results suggest that low quality of life is linked with low economic status of the rural elderly and congregate meal at village hall would be required because of the lack of side dishes variety for the aged olds. And nutrition education program about good snacks and exercise practice would be needed for the aged olds. By operating nutrition education program the aged olds would enjoy better quality life maintaining or ameliorating IADL abilities.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2015

Changes in speech production in normal elderly might be subtle and gradual. Therefore, an acoustic analysis is appropriate to identify the effect of aging on speech. For this purpose, this study examined four speech parameters; voice onset time (VOT), VOT range, $f_0$ of following vowel($f_0FV$), and $f_0FV$ difference in two age groups, old (mean age 74.57 yrs.) and young (m: 27.43 yrs.). The results show that compared to the older group the younger demonstrated significantly shorter VOTs in lenis and longer in aspirated stop. VOT ranges were relatively broad and consequently overlapped between the phonation types (e.g., lenis, fortis, aspirated). The $f_0FV$ values in the older group which are an integral parameter with VOT were lower compared with the young group. The $f_0FV$ differences in the old female group were significantly narrower than the young female group, therefore, clear distinction became difficult. In conclusion, contrast in temporal information was obscured, and the domain of glottal information was diminished on stop consonants in Korean elderly. The findings suggest that central/peripheral changes by aging could lead to a deficit in coordination between phonation and articulation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to explore university students′ perceptions about the elderly before and after an introductory course for gerontology. Sixty-two male and female undergraduate students participated in the study as a part of the course requirement. Throughout the semester, theme students received a series of classroom lectures on gerontology, as well as participated in diverse activities to experience elderly lives. A survey was administered with the students at the beginning of the first day of class and at the end of the semester. By the end of the unit university students were more likely to have accurate conceptions of and positive attitudes toward aging and the aged. More specifically, they were more likely to (1) perceive "old" and "getting old" as a positive one, (2) seem older adults spend their time on active self-development and social activities, (3) view older adults are important, (4) change opinions about what an old person and young person do together, and (5) have a positive outlook on their own future lives as older adults.