• 천문학회지
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.203-224
• /
• 2013

Wide-field $JHK_s$ images obtained with the SIRIUS near-infrared camera of the IRSF 1.4m telescope are used to examine the tidal structures of the spatial stellar configuration around six metal-poor ([Fe/H]< -1.0) globular clusters located within 3 kpc from the Galactic center. The radial surface density profiles are obtained from the surface photometry of the cluster images and the star counting for the photometric data. For the star counting, candidates of cluster member stars are selected with an filtering algorithm in color-magnitude diagrams. We find that the six target clusters show tidal overdensity features in the radial surface density profiles. There is a break inside the tidal radius for each cluster, and the profile in the outer overdensity region is characterized by a power law. Two-dimensional density maps of all the clusters show distorted asymmetric stellar configurations in the outer region. In five out of the six target clusters, the overdensity features are likely to be associated with the effects of the Galaxy dynamical interaction and the cluster space motions. The observed tidal configurations of stars suggest that several metal-poor clusters in the Galactic bulge are possibly surviving remnants of mergers to build the old stellar system of the Galactic bulge.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.35.1-35.1
• /
• 2016

To understand the coevolution of Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) and their host clusters, we conduct a case study on the BCGs in dynamically young and old clusters, Abell 1139 (A1139) and Abell 2589 (A2589). We analyze the pixel color-magnitude diagrams (pCMDs) using deep g- and r-band images, obtained from the CFHT observations. (1) While the overall shapes of the pCMDs are similar to those of typical early-type galaxies, the A2589-BCG tends to have redder mean pixel color and smaller pixel color deviation at given surface brightness than the A1139-BCG. (2) The mean pixel color distribution as a function of pixel surface brightness indicates that the A2589-BCG formed a larger central body by major dry mergers at an early epoch than the A1139-BCG, while they have grown commonly by subsequent minor mergers. (3) The spatial distributions of the pixels with deviated colors reveal that the A1139-BCG experienced considerable tidal events more recently than the A2589-BCG, whereas the A2589-BCG has an asymmetric compact core possibly resulting from major dry merger at an early epoch. (4) The A2589-BCG shows a very large faint-to-bright pixel number ratio compared to early-type non-BCGs, whereas the ratio for the A1139-BCG is not distinctively large. These results imply that the BCG in the dynamically older cluster (A2589) formed earlier and is relaxed better.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
• /
• 제9A권3호
• /
• pp.363-370
• /
• 2002

OPKFDD(Ordered Pseudo-Kronecker Functional Decision Diagram)는 각 노드에서 다양한 확장방법(decomposition)을 취할 수 있는 Ordered-DD(Decision Diagram)의 한 종류로서 각 노드마다 Shannon, positive Davio, 그리고 negative Davio 확장중의 하나를 사용하도록 하며 다른 종류의 DD와 비교해서 작은 수의 노드로 함수를 표현할 수 있다. 그러나 각 노드마다 각기 다른 확장 방법을 선택할 수 있는 특징 때문에 입력 노드에 대한 확장 방법의 결정에 의해서 OPKFDD의 크기가 좌우되며 최소의 노드 수를 갖는 OPKFDD의 구성은 매우 어려운 문제로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 DD 크기의 기준을 노드 수로 하여 기존의 OBDD(Ordered Binary Decision Diagram) 자료구조에서 각 노드의 확장방법을 결정하는 직관적(heuristic)인 방법을 제시하고, 주어진 입력변수 순서에 대해서 각 노드의 확장 방법을 결정하는 알고리즘을 제안하고 실험 결과를 제시한다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.131-148
• /
• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 2007년 개정 교육과정 중학교 기술 가정 교과서 주생활 영역의 교육내용을 분석하여 차기 기술 가정 교과서 개발 및 교사의 교육내용 재구성 시 기초자료로 제공하고자 하였다. 분석대상은 2011년 적용된 중학교 2학년 기술 가정 교과서 11종 전부를 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과, 주생활 영역은 교과서마다 분량의 차이가 있었으나 각 단원별 용어, 표/그림, 읽기자료 활동자료 등이 풍부하여 실천 문제 중심의 수업에 도움을 주는 것으로 파악되었으며 새롭게 추가된 근린환경과 친환경적 주생활 등은 2007년 개정 교육과정의 내용을 잘 반영하고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 앞으로의 교과서 개발에는 중요한 현안인 저출산, 고령화와 녹색생활의 관점이 반영되어야 할 것이며 지역사회와의 긴밀한 네트워크로 환경 문제에 적극적으로 대처할 수 있는 교육 내용이 강조될 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.309-316
• /
• 2008

To develop a monitoring method for soil microbial communities in rice paddy fields, we used terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) to compare soil bacterial community structure in rice paddy fields experiencing different management practices: organic practices, conventional practices without a winter barley rotation, and conventional practices with a winter barley rotation. Restriction fragment length profiles from soils farmed using organic practices showed very different patterns from those from conventional practices with and without barley rotation. In principal component analyses, restriction fragment profiles in organic practice samples were clearly separated from those in conventional practice samples, while principal component analysis did not show a clear separation for soils farmed using conventional practices with and without barley rotation. The cluster analysis showed that the bacterial species compositions of soils under organic practices were significantly different from those under conventional practices at the 95% level, but soils under conventional practice with and without barley rotation did not significantly differ. Although the loadings from principal component analyses and the Ribosomal DNA Project II databases suggested candidate species important for soils under organic farming practices, it was very difficult to get detailed bacterial species information from terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Rank-abundance diagrams and diversity indices showed that restriction fragment peaks under organic farming showed high Pielou's Evenness Index and the reciprocal of Simpson Index suggesting high bacterial diversity in organically farmed soils.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.163-178
• /
• 2001

소백산육괴의 서남부에 위치한 승주-순천 지역에는 화강편마암, 반상변정질편마암, 우백질편마암이 우세하게 분포한다. 이들 정편마암은 연구지역에서 순차적인 관입관계를 보여준다. 이 연구는 이 세 정편마암들의 원암인 화강암질암의 지구화학적특징과 지구조적인 환경을 파악하고자 하였다. 실리카-알칼리 IUGS 분류도에 의하면 반상변정질 편마암은 섬록암에서 화강섬록암 영역에 속하고, 화강편마암과 우백질편마암은 화강섬록암과 화강암 영역에 걸쳐 점시된다. 주성분원소의 여러 특성은 본 편마암류의 원암은 비알칼리암이며, 동시충돌형 구조장에서 형성된 S형의 마그마임을 지시한다. 고장력원소를 이용한 구조장 판별도에서는 본 편마암류의 근원암이 칼크알칼리암계열의 화강암류이며, 동시충돌형 구조장에서 형성되었음을 지시한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제28권9호
• /
• pp.1097-1102
• /
• 2005

An O/W microemulsion system was developed to enhance the skin permeability of ace-clofenac. Of the oils studied, Labrafil? M 1944 CS was chosen as the oil phase: of the microemulson, as it showed a good solubilizing capacity. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to obtain the concentration range of oil, surfactant, Cremophor ELP, and co-surfactant, ethanol, for micoemulsion formation. Eight different formulations with various values of oil of $6-30\%$, water of $0-80\%$, and the mixture of surfactant and co-surfactant (at the ratio of 2) of $14-70\%$. The in vitro transdermal permeability of aceclofenac from the microemulsions was evaluated using Franz diffusion cells mounted with rat skin. The level of aceclofenac permeated was analyzed by HPLC and the droplet size' of the microemulsions was characterized using a Zetasizer Nano-ZS. Terpenes were added to the microemulsions at a level of $5\%$, and their effects on the skin permeation of aceclofenac were investigated. The mean diameters of the microemulsions ranged between approximately $10\~100nm$, and the skin permeability of the aceclofenac incorporated into the microemulsion systems was 5-fold higher than that of the ethanol vehicle. Of the various terpenes added, limonene had the best enhancing ability. These results indicate that the microemulsion pystem studied is a promising tool for the percutaneous delivery of aceclofenac.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제2권9호
• /
• pp.629-642
• /
• 2013

최근 몇 년 동안 스마트폰의 등장으로 현대인들의 생활에 많은 변화를 가져왔다. 특히 스마트폰의 센서 정보를 활용하여 사용자의 상황에 맞는 서비스를 제공해주는 응용프로그램들이 많이 등장하고 있다. 스마트폰의 센서 정보는 사용자의 습관이나 행동과 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에 사용자의 상황을 인지하기에 좋은 데이터이다. 현재 모바일 센서 중 GPS 센서는 사용자의 기본적인 행위인지에 많이 활용되고 있다. 하지만 GPS 센서는 사용자의 상황에 따라 수신이 불가능할 수도 있으며 수신된 데이터 역시 부정확할 수 있기 때문에 활용도가 떨어진다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 모바일 디바이스에 탑재된 가속도 센서 데이터를 중심으로 한 사용자 행위 인지 방법을 제안한다. 가속도 센서는 데이터 수신이 안정적이며, 사용자의 행위에 민감하게 반응하기 때문에 행위인지에 적합하다. 마지막으로 상태 전이도를 활용하여 합리적인 행위변화의 흐름을 적용함으로써 행위인지의 정확도를 높인다.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 1992

The pluton rocks in Kwangyang-Seungju area consist of two mica granite, hornblende diorite, Rimunri quartz diorite, grnodiorite porphyry and granophyre. The analysis of the geochronological data by the methods of K-Ar for the hornblende from Rimunri quartz diorite and hornblende diorite show that the ages are found to be $86{\pm}3.3$ Ma and $108{\pm}4$ Ma, respectively, and K-Ar age for chlorite from the altered two mica granite which intruded by the hornblende diorite of the Bonjeong mine shows $108{\pm}4$ Ma; K-Ar age for sericite from the greisenized hornblende diorite, which is closely associated with the Bonjeong ore deposits, is dated as $94.2{\pm}2.4$ Ma. They correspond to the igneous activity of the Bulgugsa Disturbance periods in the area. In chemical feature for oxides versus silica and AFM triagular diagrams of the pluton rocks in the study area, there is a suggestion of the possibility that these rock facies area a Calc-alkali series of differentiated products by low-pressure crystal fractionation processes in $SiO_2$-undersaturated suites. Compared with hornblende diorite, andesite and granodiorite porphyry, two mica granite, Rimunri quartz diorite and granophyre exhibit a wider range of normalized REE abundance and negative Eu anomalies. Such anomalies imply more extensive feldspar fractionation during crystallization. The Rimunri quartz diorite and hornblende diorite occurring in the margin of four mines(Bonjeong, Okdong, Soungchei and Saungyeul) of this area have high contents of As, Sb, Cu and Zn which have been shown as the best indicators in hypogene gold deposits and low contents of Ba, Cr served as more sensitive indicators. And the granitoids are regarded as the rocks associated with gold and sulfide mineralization of the area.

• 대한조선학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1977

The major objects of this report are to supplement data of natural frequencies of thin elastic rectangular plates to the available data, and to give an experimental verification for natural frequencies obtained by Rayleigh-Ritz method, the generation set of which are eigenfunctions of Euler beams. For the first object the following five models, for which data only for the fundamental mode or data only for square plates are available, are adopted; (1) two opposed edges are clamped and the other two opposed edges simply supported (C-C, S-S), (2) one edge is simply supported and the other three edges clamped (C-C, C-S), (3) one edge is free and the other three edges clamped (C-C, C-F), (4) two adjacent edges are clamped and the other two adjacent edges free (C-F, C-F). For the (C-C, S-S) model the frequency equation obtained with the mode shapes assumed as of a single trigonometric series is solved. And for the other four models Rayleigh-Ritz method taking eigenfunctions of Euler beams as the generating set is applied. The numerical examples are obtained up to the fourth, the fifth or the sixth order depending on the range of the aspect ratio (0.1-10.0). The number of terms in the generating set for Rayleigh-Ritz method is fifteen for all models. For the experiment three models made of 3.2mm thickness mild steel plate for general structure use were prepared in following size; $300mm{\times}600mm,\;600mm{\times}600mm\;and\;900mm{\times}600mm$. Their boundary conditions are made to fit (C-C, C-F) condition. From the experiment mechanical impedance curves based on the frequency response method were obtained together with phase relation diagrams. The experimental data are resulted in good conformity to calculated values.