• Title/Summary/Keyword: Yolk Cholesterol

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Effects of Dietary Activated Charcoal Mixed with Wood Vinegar on Quality and Chemical Composition of Egg in Laying Hens (목초액 함유 활성탄의 급여가 산란계에서 계란의 품질과 화학적 조성에 미치는 영향)

  • 김관응;유선종;안병기;조태수;안병준;최돈하;강창원
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.48 no.1
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    • pp.59-68
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    • 2006
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of activated charcoal (AC) mixed with wood vinegar on performance and egg quality in laying hens. A total of one hundred ninety two, 56-wk-old Lohmann brown laying hens were divided into four groups, consisting four replicates of 12 birds each and fed one of the four experimental diets containing AC 0%, AC 0.5%, AC 1%, AC 2% for 5 wks. The blood profiles and contents of total lipid and cholesterol, fatty acid profiles in egg yolk were determined. There were no significant differences in laying performance, feed intake and vitelline membrane strength among the treatments. The eggshell breaking strength and Haugh unit were significantly increased in 2% AC group compared to the other groups (P<0.05). Egg yolk index in 2% AC group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the control and 0.5% AC group and yolk color was significantly improved by the dietary AC (P<0.05). The levels of serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and enzyme activities were not influenced by feeding AC. Total lipid of egg yolk in 1 % and 2% AC groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05) compared to that of the control, although there was no significant difference in yolk cholesterol. In conclusion, the addition of activated charcoal with wood vinegar in layer diet resulted in improving egg quality by means of enhancing eggshell breaking strength, Haugh unit, yolk index and yolk color.

마늘 추출물, 생균제, Cu 및 Se의 첨가급여가 산란계의 콜레스테롤 대사에 미치는 영향

  • Yu, Seon-Jong;Park, Sang-Seol;Kim, Jae-Yeong;Lee, Bo-Geun;Yun, Ji-Yeon;An, Byeong-Gi;Gang, Chang-Won
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.64-65
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    • 2006
  • The effects of garlic extracts, lactic acid bacteria, copper and selenium as cholesterol lowering material on productivity and content of egg cholesterol in layer were investigated. The layers were divided into seven treatment groups and fed commercial diet or experimental diets containing probiotics, garlic powder, selenium and copper for 6 weeks. There was no significant difference in egg production between groups. The content of egg yolk cholesterol by combination feeding of probiotics, garlic powder, selenium and copper were significantly reduced by 13.5-29.8% as compared to that of control. The levels of mRNA expression of HMG-CoA reductase were significantly decreased by dietary treatments.

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Effects of Feeding Winged Bean Oil on Cholesterol and Lipid Contents in Egg and Liver, and Fatty Acid Composition of Egg in Japanese Quail

  • Mutia, R.;Uchida, S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.376-380
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of feeding winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) oil on egg cholesterol and fatty acid of Japanese quail. Four groups of 10-week-old Japanese quails (n=10 per group) were fed a basal diet (20% CP, 2890 kcal/kg) supplemented with 5% of either animal tallow, soybean oil, corn oil or winged bean oil over an 8-week period. At the end of the experiment, 7 birds in each treatment were killed by decapitation. Blood samples and livers were collected for cholesterol analyses. There were no significant differences in final body weight, feed intake, egg production, egg and yolk weight due to the different oil treatments. Egg and plasma cholesterol levels obtained with the winged bean oil diet were higher than those obtained with the animal tallow or soybean oil diets, but were not significantly different from those obtained with com oil diet. Egg lipid, liver lipid and liver cholesterol content was lower with the winged bean oil diet than with the animal tallow diet. It may be concluded that the winged bean oil diet did not impair laying performance, but increased egg and plasma cholesterol levels compared with soybean oil or animal tallow diets. Winged bean oil diet produced eggs with a higher oleic content and lower linoleic content compared with the soybean or com oil diet.

Effect of Feeding Wild Ginseng Culture By-products on Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens (산삼 배양액의 급여가 산란계의 생산 능력 및 계란의 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Park J. H.;Shin O. S.;Ryu K. S.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.269-273
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    • 2005
  • The wild ginseng culture by-products(WGCB) was added to the laying hens diets. A total of 420 Lohmann Brown laying hens were alloted to five levels of drinking water containing WGCB 0, 0.4, 0.8 1.6, $3.2\%$with seven replications and fed com-soybean meal based diets contained ME 2,800 kcal/kg, CP $16\%$. Laying Performance, egg quality, egg yolk fatty acid and cholesterol concentration were measured. Egg Production and daily e99 mass were significantly lower(p<0.05) in birds fed the WGCB $3.2\%$ compared with no WGCB group, but showed no significant effect in other treatments. Feed efficiency of birds fed $0.4\%$ WGCB showed the lowest of all treatments(p<0.05). Eggshell thickness was increased(p<0.05) by WGCB supplementation, whereas eggshell breaking strength, haugh unit and yolk color index were not affected. No significant change in yolk fatty acids and cholesterol were observed by the addition of WGCB.

Does supplementing laying hen diets with a herb mixture mitigate the negative impacts of excessive inclusion of extruded flaxseed?

  • Hossein Hosseini;Noah Esmaeili;Aref Sepehr;Mahyar Zare;Artur Rombenso;Raied Badierah;Elrashdy M. Redwan
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.629-641
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    • 2023
  • Objective: This study investigated the effects of extruded flaxseed with and without herbs mixture on egg performance, yolk fatty acids (FAs), lipid components, blood biochemistry, serological enzymes, antioxidants, and immune system of Hy-Line W-36 hens for nine weeks. Methods: Two hundred forty laying hens were randomly distributed to eight treatments, resulting in six replicates with five hens. Graded levels of dietary extruded flaxseed (0, 90, 180, and 270 g/kg) with and without herbs mixture (24 g/kg: garlic, ginger, green tea, and turmeric 6 g/kg each) were designed as treatments. Results: The two-way analysis of variance indicated that hens fed herbs mixture had a higher value of egg production, yolk high-density lipoprotein (HDL), superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and white blood cell and lower contents of yolk cholesterol, glucose, and blood low-density lipoprotein than those fed diets without herb mixtures (p<0.05). The Flx27 (270 g/kg flaxseed) (153.5 g/kg n-3 FAs) and Flx27+H (270 g/kg flaxseed plus 24 g/kg herbs mixture) (150.5 g/kg n-3 FAs) groups were the most promising treatments in terms of yolk n-3 FAs content. In-teraction effect (herbs- flaxseed) for blood cholesterol, HDL, malondialdehyde, glutaredoxin, alanine transaminase, (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), haemoglobin and immune parameters was significant (p<0.05). The results showed layers fed herbs mixture (Flx9+H, Flx18+H, and Flx27+H) had a better value of total antibody, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G, ALT, AST, and blood HDL as compared with representative flaxseed levels without herbs. Conclusion: High inclusion levels of extruded flaxseed (270 g/kg) without herbs to enrich eggs with n-3 appears to impair the antioxidant system, immunohematological parameters, and sero-logical enzymes. Interestingly, the herbs mixture supplementation corrected those effects. Therefore, feeding layers with flaxseed-rich diets (270 g/kg) and herbs mixture can be a promising strategy to enrich eggs with n-3 FAs.

Effect of Dietary Betaine and Energy Levels on Liver Fats and Cholesterol in Laying Hens (사료내 비태인과 에너지 수준이 산란계의 간지방과 콜레스테롤에 미치는 영향)

  • Park J. H.;Park S. Y.;Ryu K. S.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 2005
  • Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of betaine intake on blood and yolk cholesterol, abdominal fat, liver fat, tissue triglyceride(TG) and liver HMG-CoA reductase In laying hens. In Expt. 1, a total of 72 ISA-brown laying hens were individually assigned into four treatments from 18 to 21 weeks old. Com-soybean meal based diet were fed with the addition of 0, 300, 600 and 1,200ppm. In Expt. 2, 72 ISA-brown laying hens were housed into individual cage to evaluate the effect of dietary betaine(0, 600ppm) and energy(ME, 2,800, 2,900kca/kg) from 70 to 74 weeks. Serum total cholesterol, LDL and HDL-cholesterol and TG concentration in blood of hens fed betaine tended to increase compared to those of the control, but were not significantly different. However, betaine supplementation showed a statistically significant decrease in yolk cholesterol(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in abdominal fat among the treatments. Liver fats and 7c of birds 130 betaine was decreased compared with control. Serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentration were significantly inc.eased by ffeding a diet containing 600ppm betaine in Expt. 2(P<0.05), but were not influenced by the dietary energy levels. Yolk cholesterol, abdominal fat and HMG-CoA reductase activity were affected neither by dietary energy nor betaine level.

Effects of dietary supplementation with detoxified Rhus verniciflua sap on egg production, yolk lipid and intestinal microflora in laying hens

  • An, Byoung-Ki;Kim, Je-Hun;Zheng, Lan;Moon, Byung-Hern;Lee, Kyung-Woo
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.86-90
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    • 2018
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary detoxified Rhus verniciflua sap (RVS) on production performance, egg quality, lipid fractions of egg yolk, liver and serum, and the profile of cecal microflora in laying hens. Methods: Two hundred 52-week-old Hy-Line Brown layers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group (2 hens per cage, 5 cages per replicate) and were provided with one of 4 experimental diets containing 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, or 0.2% RVS, for 6 weeks. Due to unequal intervals of RVS doses, the interactive matrix language procedure of the SAS program was used to correct the contrast coefficients of orthogonal polynomials. Results: There were no differences in feed intake and egg weight among the groups. Egg production increased (linearly and quadratically, p<0.05) with increasing levels of RVS. Eggshell thickness increased (linear, p<0.05) as the level of RVS in diets increased. The levels of blood cholesterol and activities of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were not altered by dietary treatments. Increasing level of RVS increased (linear, p<0.05) the populations of cecal lactic acid bacteria. The content of yolk cholesterol decreased (linear, p<0.05) with increasing levels of dietary RVS, although there were no significant differences in each lipid fraction of the liver. Conclusion: This study indicates that dietary RVS could improve laying performance and eggshell quality, and affect cecal lactic acid bacteria in a dose-dependent manner.

Cholesterol-Lowering Lactic Acid Bacteria from Kimchi

  • Cho, Gyu-Sung;Lee, So-Yeoun;Kim, Young-Nam;Shin, Hyeun-Kil
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.324-328
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    • 2005
  • Lactic acid bacteria are dominant microflora in fermented kimchi. In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from 5 kinds of fermented kimchi and determined their physiologic property. Total 64 of LAB were isolated from kimch samples. In this study, 8 strains of them were selected by pH and bile salt tolerance test. HFI 58, HFI 40, and Yeulmu E strain had significant cholesterol lowering effect in vitro test. These were made of special feed of chicken by WooJin B&G. A Diet was tested for 5 weeks. The feed of special material supplement HFI58 groups had significant lower cholesterol concentration in egg yolk.

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Stability and drug release properties of liposomes containing cytarabine as a drug carrier

  • Kim, Chong-Kook;Park, Dong-Kyu
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.75-79
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    • 1987
  • Liposomes were studied as a drug delivery system. Multilamellar vesicles, small unilamellar vesicles and large unilamellar vesicles containing cytarabine were prepared using egg yolk lecithin and cholesterol. Large unilamellar vesicles showed the highest encapsulation efficiency of all and their encapsulation efficiency increased as the buffer volume decreased. Cholesterol increased the stability of liposomal drug products as drug carriers and reduced the permeability of drug across the liposomal membrane. The release rate of cytarabine increased with incubation temperature and decreased with cholesterol incorporation in liposomal membrane. The release mechanism of cytarabine from large unilamellar vesicles in vitro was chiefly due to simple diffusion across the liposomal membrane rather than liposomal rupture.

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Effects of Fermented Garlic Powder on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Blood Profiles and Fatty Acids Composition of Egg Yolk in Laying Hens

  • Ao, X.;Yoo, J.S.;Lee, J.H.;Jang, H.D.;Wang, J.P.;Zhou, T.X.;Kim, I.H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.786-791
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    • 2010
  • The effects of fermented garlic powder on production performance, egg quality, blood profiles and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in laying hens were studied in a 35-d experiment. Two-hundred and forty (ISA brown) layers aged 41 weeks were randomly allocated into the following four treatments: i) CON (basal diet); ii) G1 (CON+fermented garlic powder 1.0%); iii) G2 (CON+fermented garlic powder 2.0%) and iv) G3 (CON+fermented garlic powder 3.0%). There were no differences (p>0.05) among treatments in egg production, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength and eggshell thickness throughout the whole experimental period. However, yolk height was increased significantly (p<0.05) by the addition of fermented garlic powder during the 5th week while yolk color was greater (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in CON and G1 in the 5th week. Compared with CON, Haugh unit was increased (p<0.05) in response to fermented garlic powder treatments during the 5th week. No significant effects on total protein, albumin and IgG were observed in response to any of the treatments over the experimental period (p>0.05). There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in plasma cholesterol concentration when the dietary level of fermented garlic powder was increased from 0.0 to 3.0%. The levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in response to G2 and G3 while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were higher (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 treatment groups than in CON and G1. Compared with other treatments, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and PUFA:SFA ratio were higher (p<0.05) in G3. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that addition of fermented garlic powder reduced plasma cholesterol concentration and did not cause adverse effects on production performance. Moreover, addition of 3.0% garlic powder decreased SFA but increased PUFA and PUFA:SFA ratio in egg yolk.