• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.166-174
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 8-week dynamic yoga program on body composition and blood lipids in middle-aged post-menopausal women. Method: Twenty participants were allocated to the yoga group (YG, n=10) or the control group (CG, n=10). They were assessed for lean body mass, percent body fat, waist to hip ratio, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride both before and after intervention. The yoga group participated in the program lasting $50{\sim}60$ minutes, five times a week for 8 weeks. Results: Unlike the control group, the yoga group showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, percent body fat, and waist hip ratio after the yoga training. However, changes in lean body mass, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride level during the intervention period were not different between the yoga group and the control group. Conclusion: The 8-week dynamic yoga program could be adopted to prevent cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged post-menopausal women by promoting body composition & blood lipids.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.369-376
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a Yoga-focused prenatal program on the stress, anxiety, self confidence and labor pain of pregnant women who had in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Methods: A quasi experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The data collection period and meditation program were between January 9 and August 31, 2009. Forty-six women who were pregnant following IVF, and were between 12-20 weeks gestation, participated in the study (23 experimental group, 23 control group). Data were analyzed using Chisquare test, Mann-Whitney U Test, ANCOVA, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients with the SPSS 12.0 for Windows Program. Results: Although the sample size was limited, women who participated in the program showed statistically significant improvements in stress, anxiety, labor pain, and labor confidence for women pregnant after IVF. Conclusion: The result indicate that this 12-week Yoga-focused educational program can be utilized for women pregnant following IVF to reduce their stress, anxiety, and labor pain, and to increase delivery confidence. It is suggested that the Yoga-focused educational program be offered to every pregnant woman.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of yoga and health calisthenics program in the middle aged women on physiological index and life satisfaction. Methods: This research was an one group pretest-posttest design. A pre and post measurement tool of the program was applied to measure body weight, obesity, rate of body fat, vital capacity, inhalation rate of oxygen, sit-up, grasping power, total physical response, body anteversion, body mass index (BMI), total physical strength, physical strength, health age, life satisfaction. Data collected from this tool was analyzed by SPSS in paired t-test. Results: The results were summarized as follows: yoga program group, the body weight, obesity, BMI, %body fat of the decreased. The results of pulmonary yoga group, vital capacity and inhalation rate of oxygen, total physical strength examination results showed a significant difference. Conclusion: In this study, the yoga program was effective in positive on body composition and physical strength, life satisfaction in middle aged women.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2099-2106
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of yoga program on physical fitness, depression and quality of life of elderly women in rural area. This study employed the nonequipvalent control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 40 elderly women(experimental group =20, control group =20) were sampled from H-gun, G-Province. The experimental group participated in a 12-week yoga program. In physical fitness, the experimental group taking yoga program reported significant increases in balance and flexibility than that in the control group, but the differences in strength and aerobic endurance were not significant. The experimental group showed significant decrease in the depression. In quality of life, Elderly women taking yoga program had significant increase in physical component summary than that in the control group, but differences in mental component summary was not significant. A yoga program may be a useful nursing intervention for elderly women in rural area to improve their balance, flexibility, to reduce depression and improve physical quality of life.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the yoga during pregnancy on the maternal weight, delivery experience and infant birth weight. Method: The nonequivalent control group pre test-post test design was used. The participants were the healthy pregnant women, whose pre-pregnancy BMI was normal, gestational period was more than 20 weeks. The final sample consisted of 21 mother-infant dyads for experimental group and 20 dyads for control group and who agreed to participate in this study. Data were collected from February I st to December 15th, 2006. The Qi exercise prenatal program was carried out for 90 minutes a day, 2 times a week for 12 weeks. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 Program. Result: The degree of maternal weight gain(p<.001), labor pain(p<.001), discomfort after delivery(p<.001) and infant's birth weight(p<.00I) were significantly different between two groups. Conclusion: The yoga during pregnancy managed weight gain of mothers. Therefore, this study suggests that yoga during pregnancy to promotes stabilization can be beneficial for maintaining healthy weight, decreasing labor pain and discomfort after delivery for pregnant women and increasing infant's birth weight.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1100-1106
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of Hatha Yoga exercise on serum leptin and metabolic syndrome factors in obese and menopausal middle-aged women. The subjects were 26 obese women divided into the Hatha Yoga exercise group (n=13), which trained for 16 weeks, and the Control group (n=13). Variables of body composition, serum leptin and metabolic syndrome factors were measured in all the subjects before and after the 16-week Hatha Yoga training. The results of the study in the Hatha Yoga group were as follows: body weight, % fat, BMI, WC, WHR and VFA had significantly decreased, but SMM had increased. HDL-C had significantly increased, but leptin, TC, TG, LDL-C, insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR had decreased. The main variables affecting changes in VFA were % body fat, BMI, WHR, TC, LDL-C, glucose, and HOMA-IR. Therefore, regular and continuous Hatha Yoga exercise was effective in improving body composition, visceral fat and serum lipids. Consequently, Hatha Yoga exercise will be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease caused by obesity in obesew and menopausal middle-age women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.243-254
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• 2019

This study investigates the yoga clothing market for women over 50 years old. The study found that the target demographic felt that many brands were participating in the Yoga Wear market, but most targeted 20-30 year old women. They felt it was difficult to find brands for women over 50 years old. One common complaint by the target demographic was that they experienced discomfort when wearing Yoga Wear currently available in the market. They attributed this to the fact that even the largest sizes available were not appropriate for their body size. They also noted that there is a large variety of designs presently available in the market; however, most are too colorful and revealing for their tastes. Females in their 50s or older preferred less colorful and less revealing clothes. They noted that they reacted sensitively to fat in the forearms due to changes in body shape as they grew older and wanted looser clothes. Elasticity and hygroscopicity of material are therefore very important buying criteria for the target demographic. These criteria were used to propose a prototype yoga suit designed for women over 50 years old.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C supplementation and yoga practice on total antioxidant status (TEAC), lipid peroxidation, and blood lipid profiles of middle-aged women. Thirty two women ($53.34{\pm}5.08$ years old) in B city volunteered and the signed consents were received before the study. Experimental groups were normal (n=8), vitamin C intake group (n=8), yoga group (n=8), and vitamin C intake with yoga group (n=8). Total experimental period was 12 weeks. Yoga group practiced yoga 3 times a week for 12 weeks with intensity of RPE $13{\sim}15$. Each practice was 60 minutes. Vt. C group was instructed to take 1 g of Vt. C every day after dinner meal. Changes in TEAC after 12 weeks were 28.23% for the normal group, 30% for Vt. C group, 26.58% for yoga group, and 43.66% for Vt. C with yoga group; the increases in TEAC among groups were not significantly different. Serum malondialehyde (MDA) concentration of the normal group increased by 10% during 12 weeks of experiment while that for the Vt. C, yoga, and Vt. C with yoga group were significantly decreased by 25%, 32.14%, and 33.87%, respectively (p<0.05) compared with the normal group. Neither yoga, Vt. C supplementation nor combined program for 12 weeks were effective enough to change the serum lipid profiles compared with the normal group. In conclusion, Vitamin C supplementation or regular yoga practice seems to have health promoting effects of retarding the oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation in middle-aged woman.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-33
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• 2014

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a yoga exercise program on stress response, physical fitness and self-esteem among middle-aged women. Methods: Participants were 39 middle-aged females from District Y in Seoul who were assigned to either a treatment (N=19) or to a control group (N=20). The treatment participated three times a week in a yoga exercise program which included classes and practices. Data collection instruments included the Symptoms of Stress Inventory (1977), the Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (1965) and measurements of grip strength, flexibility and balance. The data were analyzed using the SPSS-WIN 12.0 program. Results: The treatment group had significantly lower score for stress response (t=-6.18, p<.001) and higher scores on grip strength (t=2.52, p=.018), balance (t=3.24, p=.003), and self-esteem (t=4.46, p<.001). There was no significant difference in flexibility (F=0.51, p=.479). Conclusion: The yoga exercise program can be used as a nursing intervention for middle-aged women to reduce stress and improve self-esteem.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.584-588
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• 2006

Physical activity has been effective in enhancing quality of life and physical fitness of older adults over relatively short periods of time. However, little is known about the Yoga-based exercise program on physiological changes and physical fitness with psychological variables in elderly women. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Yoga- based exercise program on physiological, psychological factors and physical fitness in elderly women. Forty-four elders were recruited from the public health center. They were divided into exercise training group(n=22) and control group(n=22). The training group participating in 10 weeks of Yoga-based exercise program. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, Fisher's Extract test, and ANCOVA to evaluate body fat, spine ROM, blood pressure, cholesterol, depression, life satisfaction, ADL and physical fitness. There was a significant improvement in blood pressure, total cholesterol, precent of body fat, physiological function, depression, life satisfaction, ADL and physical fitness in the exercise training group than that of the control group. From the results, Yoga-based interventions designed to improve various variables were equally acceptable to elderly women.