• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding whole crop barley silage (WBS) on the growth performance, carcass grade, and beef quality of Hanwoo steers. Twelve Hanwoo steers (12-mon-old) were allocated into either a control (rice straw fed) or WBS (whole crop barley silage fed) group (six animals per group) and fed for 540 d until the animals reached 30-mon-old. Concentrates and roughage were fed according to the feeding stage phases; finisher I (12.16-monold), II (17.21-mon-old), and III (22.30-mon-old). A significant increase in growth was observed during the finisher I stage for the steer fed WBS, whereas a significant increase in growth occurred during the finisher II stage in the control group. The yield grade of the WBS group increased significantly with a 15.6% increase in the longissimus dorsi area and a 25.7% reduction in back fat thickness. Marbling scores improved 52.4% in the WBS group compared with the control group. A significant difference in treatments was observed for the proximate chemical composition of the crude fat content. The results regarding palatability traits in the WBS group showed a significant improvement in appearance. The results indicate that the WBS group had improved longissimus muscle and marbling scores on carcass grading compared to the control.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2015

Trichoderma spp. were famous fungi used for turfgrass management in golf course. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of two microbial fertilizers containing Trichoderma harzianum and T. atroviride on the growth and quality of creeping bentgrass with turf color index, chlorophyll index, root length, shoot number, clipping yield and nutrient content. Treatments were designed as follow; non-fertilizer (NF), control fertilizer (CF), T. harzianum (TH), and T. atroviride (TA). Chlorophyll index and root length of TH and TA were increased than these of CF and shoot number and content and uptake of nitrogen (N) of TA higher than these of CF. The N content in turfgrass tissue was significantly related to shoot number, root length and N uptake (P<0.05) and shoot number was positively relate to chlorophyll index (P<0.05). These results indicated that application of Trichoderma harzianum and T. atroviride improved a growth and quality of creeping bentgrass by promoting N uptake.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.262-271
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate incorporation ratio of soil amendment 'Profile' to improve soil physicochemical properties and turfgrass growth. The soil amendment was added 0 (sand only), 3, 5, 7, and 10% to USGA Green-spec green sand soil. As incorporated with more 'Profile' amendment, soil electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), capillary porosity and total porosity of root zone were increased than those of control, while bulk density and hydraulic conductivity decreased. Turfgrass index and clipping yield of creeping bentgrass grown in sand soil incorporated with 7% 'Profile' were improved than those of control. Correlation coefficient of turf color index and incorporation ratio of the soil amendment 'Profile' was found to show significantly positive correlation. These results indicated that application of the soil amendment 'Profile' to sand soil in golf course green improved turfgrass growth and quality by increasing CEC and porosity of root zone.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

The button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated important edible mushroom species. In the breeding of new button mushroom, 'Seolgang' was developed by crossing two monokaryons 'CM020913-27' and 'SSU423-31'. Because of the secondarily homothallism, only a small percentage of the basidia produce 3 or 4 spores, which are mostly haploid (n) and do not fruit. Single spore cultures derived from these types of spores produce a vegetative mycelium that also contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell called monokaryon. The lack of clamp connections between monokaryon and dikaryon required a series of mycelial culture and fruiting test. After crossing, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. For this, the spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of 'Seolgang' on CDA was better at $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of '505 Ho'. The mature cap shape of new strain 'Seolgang' is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 41.2 mm on average. In comparison with white strain '505 Ho', the strain had a yield that was 9% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 19% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 3-4 days later than those of '505 Ho'. The physical characteristics such as elasticity, chewiness, adhesiveness were better than that of '505 Ho'. Genetic analysis of the new strain 'Seolgang' showed different profiles compared to '505 Ho', CM02913-27, SSU413-31, when RAPD primers A02 and O04 were used.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2006

The data were collected in the dairy herd improvement program from January 2000 to July 2005. Test data included 825,157 records of first parity and animals with both parents known were included. This study aimed to describe the effect of incomplete lactation records of latest generation to the change in sire's breeding value using Random Regression model (RRM) in genetic evaluation. Estimation of genetic parameter and breeding value for sire used REMLF90 and BLUPF90 program. The phenotypic value on the number of test day records between group TD11, TD8, TD5, TD2 showed no large differences. For all the group heritability of test day milk yield range from 0.30 to 0.36. However TD2 group showed low heritability the least test day recode on the latest generation. The correlation of above 50% between test day and TD11(0.610), TD8(0.616), TD5(0.661) and TD2(0.682) with different records in latest generation. Sire's rank of breeding value varied widely depending on the records on the number of lactation from start to the latest generation. Study showed that change in breeding value ranked if daughter's test recode more so it should have at least 5 test day records. The use of RRM in dairy cattle genetic evaluation would be desirable if complete lactation records for latest generation daughters of young bulls when selection for proven bulls. Random Regression model (RRM) require at least 5 test-day lactation recode.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2005

This study was conducted to establish the elaborate nitrogen fertilization method to enhance N use efficiency in direct-seeded rice on flooded paddy. The nitrogen uptake by rice plants was insignificant until 25 days after seeding, and increased gradually thereafter. During this early growth stage, rice plants absorbed only the $4\%$ of basal applied N, while the $45\%$ of N fertilizer remained in the paddy soil. The absorption of basal N by rice plants was almost completed at 46 days after application. Nitrogen top-dressed at 5-leaf stage was well matched to crop nutrient demand, so it could be absorbed so actively in 8days after application. As a result, we could cut down the amount of N fertilizer to $36\%$ of the basal N level without significant difference in yield. Plant recoveries of fertilizer $^{15}N$ applied with different application timings were $7.8\%$ for basal, $9.4\%$ for 5-leaf stage, $17.1\%$ for tillering stage, and $23.4\%$ for panicle initiation stage, respectively. When urea was applied with nitrogen fertilization practice based on basal incorporation (BN), plant recovery of $^{15}N$ at harvest was $31.0\%$, which was originated from $13.7\%$ for grain, and $21.3\%$ of the fertilizer $^{15}N$ remained in the soil, and the rest could be uncounted. Plant recovery of fertilizer $^{15}N$ applied with nitrogen fertilization practice based on topdressing at 5-leaf stage (TN), where N rate was reduced by $18\%$ compared with BN, was $35.1\%$ (grain $15.6\%$), and $19.9\%$ of the fertilizer $^{15}N$ remained in the soil, and the rest could be uncounted. TN showed a higher $^{15}N$ recovery than BN because it was to apply N fertilizer at a time to well meet the demand of rice plant direct-seeded on flooded paddy. We concluded that TN would be the nitrogen fertilization method to enhance N use efficiency in direct-seeded rice on flooded paddy.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.15
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• pp.99-113
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• 1974

This experiment was carried out to find reasonable semi. hot seedbed system for early transplanting of "Tongil"rice cultivar. The quality of the young rice-plants, yield, and the occurrence of the reddish dry leaves were not significant differences between the seedbed with polyethylene tunnel and that of Rat covering. The per cent of healthy seedling of the soil preparation with the dry soil plowing was increased than that of the water soil plowing. The stability of the seedling cultivation of the thin layer straw mulching seedbed beneath the polyethylene film was higher than that of the common flat seedbed system.ed system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.587-593
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• 1995

Growth characteristics and aromatic constituents of wild and domesticated Codonopsis lanceolata grown in different regions were investigated to find the best cultural condition for quality improvement. The results were as followings: Air temperature of wild region was lower to 4~8 and soil temperature was also lower to 3 compared with domesticated region. Soil of wild region had about three times richer organic matter with lower pH. Chromosome number of wild and domestcated species was 2n=16, ovary number was 3, but seed number of wild species was 132 vs domesticated showing 62. Recovery yield of wild species grown wild region had 0.55%, besides that, the wild species grown in domesticated region had 0.34. But the domesticated species in wild and domesticated regions was the same as 0.28. Inorganic element contents of domesticated region showed much higher than that of wild region. Major aromatic constituents were specified in wild Codonopsis lanceolata as dimethyl benzene, 3-ethyl-5-2-(ethylbutyl)-octadecane, benzaldehyde, 14, 14-dimethyl-hexadecanoate, methylhexadecenoate of which was not detected in domesticated species.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2020

In this study we developed an enrichment medium and lysis buffers to detect Listeria monocytogenes in meat and processed meat products under various lysis conditions. The enrichment efficiency of L. monocytogenes medium listed in the Food Standards was compared, and thus, Listeria Enrichment Broth (LEB) was modified by adding supplements such as carbon source and minerals. The lysis buffers were developed to extract L. monocytogenes DNA quickly and efficiently under various lysis conditions. L. monocytogenes was most rapidly grown in LEB containing 0.1% pyruvate and 0.1% ferric citrate. A lysis buffer mixed with 0.5% or 1% N-lauroylasrcosine sodium salt, 0.5 N NaOH and 0.5 M EDTA for 30 min at room temperature was found to be the best in terms of DNA purity and yield. These results indicate that developed enrichment medium and lysis buffer can be used to detect L. monocytogenes in meat and processed meat products rapidly and efficiently.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2003

A surimi like material was made from fresh pig hearts and used to manufacture emulsion-type sausages for the improvement of quality characteristics. The heart muscles were diced and frozen at -60$^{\circ}C$ until processed. Then, the frozen diced heart muscles were thawed, chopped, filtered, and washed to extract myofibrillar proteins. The residue was centrifuged to take a surimi-like material. Emulsion-type sausages were made different levels of surimi-like material(5∼15%) and compared to the control. Cooking loss(CL, %) and water-holding capacity (WHC, %) were measured on raw meat batter, whereas shear force, hardness, color and panel test were measured after cooking. The addition of the surimi-like material up to 15% level in the sausage formulation reduced CL and increased WHC, as compared to the control. Shear force and hardness values of the control had the highest value, however sausages containing 15% surimi-like material had the lowest value(p<0.05). Increased surimi-like material became darker in color. Although no differences in panel scores of flavor and off-flavor were observed, panellists prefer to select sausages having 15% surimi-like material(p<0.05). These results indicated that a surimi-like material, which was a myofibrillar protein extracted from pig hearts, could be used to manufacture emulsion-type sausage up to 15% to improve cooking yield and textural characteristics without color and flavor defects.