• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.278-285
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to verify the effect of Tai Chi exercise on patients with rheumatoid arthritis particularly their level of pain, fatigue, sense of balance and daily lift performance(ADL). Method: It employed a non-equivalent control group pre- and post-test design. The research instruments used in this study were pain, fatigue, sense of balance and ADL. Thirty-two patients in the experimental group carried out 50 minutes of Tai Chi exercise for 12 weeks, and 29 patients in the control group did not. Before and after the experiment, both groups were tested for pain, fatigue, sense of balance and ADL. Collected data were processed using the SPSS/WIN 10.0 program analyzed by the frequency, percentage, $x^2-test$, and t-test. Results: Pain and fatigue significantly decreased in the experimental group. However the improvement in ADL of the rheumatoid arthritis patients was not statistically significant but their sense of balance was enhanced significantly. Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise is an effective nursing intervention that can be used for rheumatoid arthritis patients.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.1 s.73
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• pp.99-111
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discriminate important variables among general self-efficacy, peer attachment, and parent-child communication that could predict internalizing problems(anxiety, depression) of Korean children of divorce. The participants were 101 children aged from 10 to 13. They completed questionnaires and discriminant function analyses were performed. The results showed that (a) the discriminant function derived from 3 variables was effective in classifying high, moderate, and low group of children's anxiety and depression, (b) parent-child communication plays a key role in predicting anxiety and general self-efficacy plays a key role in predicting depression of Korean children of divorce, (c) but peer attachment plays a significant role only to predict depression. This means that anxiety and depression of Korean children of divorce result from different kind of interactions among children's important contexts.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.64-78
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• 2000

As in house care is develops and becomes part of the health care delivery system in Korea, it is necessary to quantify the viewpoints of in-patients and outpatients. The purposes of this study are to analyze the utilization of house visits by physical therapist and to investigate the viewpoint of in- and out-patients who had rehabilitation treatment at 3 general hospitals in Wonju, Korea. Two hundred and fifty-eight questionnaires were analyzed and the major findings are as follows: 1. Sixty-five point seven percentage of respondents showed their willingness to utilize house visits by physical therapist if an in house physical therapy program were established. 2. The questionnaire used a Likert-type scale to ask the respondents their viewpoints on in house physical therapy services. Most respondents showed a positive attitude, answering 'I agree'. The findings show that house visits by physical therapists should be introduced as an integral system for the delivery of health care in Korea.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.634-644
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• 2009

A diversity of wireless networks, with rapidly evolving wireless technology, are currently in service. Due to their innate physical layer vulnerability, wireless networks require enhanced security components. WLAN, WiBro, and UMTS have defined proper security components that meet standard security requirements. Extensive research has been conducted to enhance the security of individual wireless platforms, and we now have meaningful results at hand. However, with the advent of ubiquitous service, new horizontal platform service models with vertical crosslayer security are expected to be proposed. Research on synchronized security service and interoperability in a heterogeneous environment must be conducted. In heterogeneous environments, to design the balanced security components, quantitative evaluation model of security policy in wireless networks is required. To design appropriate evaluation method of security policies in heterogeneous wireless networks, we formalize the security properties in wireless networks. As the benefit of security protocols is indicated by the quality of protection (QoP), we improve the QoP model and evaluate hybrid security policy in heterogeneous wireless networks by applying to the QoP model. Deriving relative indicators from the positive impact of security points, and using these indicators to quantify a total reward function, this paper will help to assure the appropriate benchmark for combined security components in wireless networks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2008

차세대 이동 통신 서비스 4G는 이동 중 100Mbps, 정지 중 1Gbps급 전송 속도를 제공하는 미래 무선 통신 기술이다. 이것은 현재 상용서비스가 이뤄지고 있는 3G HSDPA(High Speed Packet Access)의 전송속도 14Mbps에 비해 10~100배까지 빠른 속도로 무선 인터넷이 가능함으로 유선으로 인터넷을 사용할 필요가 없어진다. 현재 4G 기술로 진화하기 위한 중간 단계로써 ITU-R, 3GPP, 3GPP2, IEEE 등 세계 각국의 표준 및 기술 단체에서 새로운 무선 이동 통신 기술을 제안하고 있다. 이 중에서 2G의 GSM과 3G의 비동기식 기술 WCDMA의 진화 기술인 3GPP LTE(Long Term Evolution) 및 SAE(System Architecture Evolution)가 유력한 4G 이동 통신 기술 후보로 평가 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 4G 기술로 주목 받고 있는 3GPP LTE 및 SAE 네트워크에서 3G 시스템 보다 진화된 서비스를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 논의되고 있는 일반적인 요구사항과 이를 만족시키기 위한 기술에 대하여 알아본다. 또한 LTE 표준화와 병행하여 네트워크의 구조를 결정하는 SAE의 구성요소와 프로토콜 구조를 소개하고 LTE 및 SAE 네트워크의 보안위협과 안전한 통신을 위한 키 관리 방법에 대하여 논의한다.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.643-647
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• 2003

The Methylene Chloride(MC) fraction of Trichosanthis kirilowii Maxim has been investigated anti-tumor activities in vitro. The MC fraction of Trichosanthis kirilowii Maxim significantly inhibited the proliferation of human leukemic U937 cell with an IC50 of approximately 10μg/ml in a dose-dependent manner. We found that the MC fraction upregulated of caspase9 and caspase-3 activity and cleaved PARP expression but it didn't affect bax and bcl-2. which were demonstrated by western blot analysis. Taken together, these results exerted that the MC fraction suppessed human leukemic U937 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, suggesting the MC fraction of Trichosanthis kirilowii Maxim is possible to show anti-cancer activity in vivo.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2003

Antigen retrieval (AR) techniques were widely used to recover the antigenicity from the fixed tissues, which were guided by the philosophy of rendering immunohistochemistry (IHC) applicable to routine formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues for wide application of IHC in research and clinical filed for morphological observation like as anatomy, histology and pathology. Protease antigen recovery (PAR) is an AR technique, which is obtained the antigen retrieve by using enzyme digestion, and commonly used in IHC field. However, during the IHC for the detection of ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) antigen, we noted lymphocyte-like cells-specific staining in the infiltrated cells into various organs like as liver and kidney, which was also shown in the IHC tissues with isotype control. However, those signals were not observed in the tissues conducted with in situ hybridization. Therefore, we analyzed the specificity of the IHC detection results. We found that PAR may induce false-positive result during IHC in lymphocyte-like cells, which were infiltrated mainly around vessels and in interstitial tissues. Through the Phenotyping, we realized that those false-positive cells were B-cell-related cells. These results suggest that PAR, a AR using protease, may induce non-specific false-positive reactions during IHC.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of both various shoe types and bare feet on ground reaction force while walking. Ten first-year female university students were selected. A force platform(Kistler, Germany) was used to measure ground reaction force. Six types of shoe were tested: flip flops, canvas shoes, running shoes, elevated forefoot walking shoes, elevated midfoot walking shoes, and five-toed shoes. The control group was barefooted. Only vertical passive/active ground reaction force variables were analyzed. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SAS 9.1.2 package, specifically ANOVA, and Tukey for the post hoc. The five-toed shoe had the highest maximum passive force value; while the running shoe had the lowest. The first active loading rate for running shoes was the highest; meanwhile, bare feet, the five-toed shoe, and the elevated fore foot walking shoe was the lowest. Although barefoot movement or movement in five toed shoes increases impact, it also allows for full movement of the foot. This in turn allows the foot arch to work properly, fully flexing along three arches(transverse, lateral, medial), facilitating braking force and initiating forward movement as the tendons, ligaments, and muscles of the arch flex back into shape. In contrast movement in padded shoes have a tendency to pound their feet into the ground. This pounding action can result in greater foot instability, which would account for the higher loading rates for the first active peak for padded shoes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.531-538
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of Qi hand reflexology on autonomic nerve activity in patients admitted to hospital. Method: A non-equivalent control group and quasi-experimental research with pre/post test design were used and 59 patients on a medical ward were assigned to either the experimental group (32) or the control group (27). The study variables included vital signs, autonomic nerve activities (ALF (absolute low frequency), AHF (absolute high frequency), nLF (normalized low frequency), nHF (normalized high frequency), SDNN (standard deviation of all normal-normal intervals)) and were evaluated using the QECG-3 system. The experimental group was treated with Qi hand reflexology for 10 minutes per day, for 3days. Results: Skin temperature and systolic blood pressure in the experimental decreased with treatment. ALF, AHF and SDNN for the experimental group increased with regulating proportion (nLF: nHF=6:4) and a significant difference between the groups was observed. Conclusion: The results indicated that application of Qi hand reflexology for patients in the hospital is effective in regulating the autonomic nervous system activation. Implication of finding should be useful for future research.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1177-1178
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• 2015

국내 전력설비는 70년대 이후 제3차 경제개발 5개년 계획에 따라 중화학공업의 발전과 함께 급속히 성장해왔다. 과거 개발 위주의 산업구조에서 급속히 팽창한 전력설비는 21세기에 들어서면서 30~40년 장기 사용에 따른 노후화가 진행되었고, 증가하는 전력수요에 대응하기 위한 발전 및 송전 용지 확보의 어려움으로 인하여 전력설비의 신규 증설에 많은 어려움을 격고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 전력설비의 안전성과 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해 적절한 교체시기 선정 및 최적의 자산관리 필요성에 대해서 최근 관심을 가지기 시작하였고, 이러한 전력설비의 최적 자산관리에 핵심적인 전력설비의 상태평가 기술의 발달로 과거 시간기준의 유지보수(Time Based Maintenance)에서 최근 노후설비의 증가와 진단기술의 발달에 따른 예방보전(Preventive Maintenance)에 의한 상태기준 유지보수(Condition Based Maintenance)개념으로 전환되고 있다. 고전압 회전기기(발전기, 전동기)의 상태평가를 위한 핵심기술인 Off-line 부분방전시험이 널리 적용되고 있으며, 본 논문에서는 부분방전 측정 시험 시 대상설비 단자부의 인출케이블에 의한 감도저하 현상에 대해 고찰 하였다.