• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose the shape of extremely small thrust VCM for application of the Nanoindenter, which enables control of very small force and displacement. We performed optimization of the VCM shape using conjugated gradient method. And the purposes of optimization are the minimization of the permanent magnet size for the efficient systems, minimization of deviation of flux density from the air gap for operate on regular thrust and a linearization of thrust for a good control characteristic. The finite element method is used for characteristic analysis. The node moving method is used to redundant changes of design variables. As a result, the VCM produces a yew small force by the difference of flux density of lower part from higher one. Also, in a wide range of current (0［A］-1［A］), the VCM produces linear driving thrust by saturating the magnetic circuit path and operate on regular thrust by minimizing deviation of flux density of the air gap.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.17-19
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• 2004

The electrical properties of gate oxides grown in two different processes, which are in 10% nitrous oxide($N_2O$) and in dry oxygen, have been experimentally investigated and compared. It has been observed that the $SiC-SiO_2$ interface-trap density(Dit) measured in nitrided gate oxide has been tremendously reduced, compared to the density obtained from gate oxide grown in dry oxygen. The beneficial effects of nitridation on gate oxides also have been demonstrated in the values of total near interface-trap density and of forward-bias breakdown field. The reasons of these improvements have been explained.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 1999

The content of taxol and related compounds in needle and stem tissues of exotic yews growing in the Chollipo Arboretum which located in the West Sea of Korea were determined by HPLC. A considerable variation in contents of taxol and the related compounds within species and among cultivars were observed. The content of taxol was much higher in the needles than those in the young stem tissues except T. X media cv. Vermuleun, T. baccata cv. Washingtonii, and T. X cuspidata cv. Nana, and the content of 10-deacetyl baccatin III(10-DAB III) was also slightly higher in the needle. The needle of T. cuspidata cv. Nigra collected from April was contained the high amount of taxol(1,027 ${\mu}g$ per g dry weight) and also contained high quantity in 10-DAB III(267 ${\mu}g$ per g dry weight). Concentration of taxol in needle was significantly greater than those of meristemic and ovary tissues, Exotic yews growing at the Chollipo Arboretum containing T. cuspidata cv. Nigra could be suitable materials as a source for the tissue and cell cultures for production of taxol.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.1 s.108
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• pp.32-37
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• 2005

This study was conducted the slurry pig manure treatment by condensation drying of liquid from the slurry manure with a heat-pump and electric heater combined with air flow channel system. The system was designed as liquid and solid matters separation of slurry manure, and it can doing continuous input of slurry manure from a pig house, and it can operated year round use for pig farms. The separation of liquid and solid matters from slurry manure needed the prevention of solid accumulation in the system. The system was designed as closed space from outside air space for maximized evaporation of liquid and the condensation of liquid from slurry manure. The system can be operated the pig slurry manure treatment regardless of seasons in a yew. The separated evaporation water from the pig slurry manure by the heat-pump was satisfactorily pure water that can be used as washing water in livestock farms. The system can applicate to about 100 heads of pig, and the proper area of evaporation plate system was considered around $10\;m^2$. The input electrical energy of about 15 kWh which the cost equal to 250,000 won per month.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.1 s.45
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• pp.77-99
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• 2006

This study is on the construction work of Preservation for Korean architectural properties during the period of japan invader. Korea lost their preservation ability of architectural properties when went through specific background from 1910 to 1945, which was the period of japan invader. Through this situation japan had to face the preservation of architectural properties for japan and korea. After 1945, korea has preserved the architectural properties over 50's years and which accomplishment every yew. Also, there are some architectural properties which registered in world heritages. However, the study of this period is not studied enough. Especially a construction work for architectural properties during this period is not become known. Therefore, the purpose of this study is for three. First is to analyze construction work data(a specifications and etc.) for accessing originality of korea architectural properties. Second is to understand about the construction works of preservation for the korean architectural properties. and the last is to compare the peculiarities of construction work of Preservation for korean architectural properties between during 1910-1945 and 1945-1965.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.3-13
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• 2001

The Korean Auto industry has developed remarkably over the past 30 years. In 2000 alone, Korea produced 3.11 million vehicles, and the number of vehicles registered surpassed the ten million mark. As the number of vehicles registered in Korea has increased, yew after you, a rising number of cars have been scrapped. In 2000, a total of 455,592 automobiles were scrapped, up dramatically from only 101,158 in 1989. The system for handling of ELV(End-of-Life Vehicles) in Korea is governed by the "Motor Vehicle Control Act". The Act places the responsibility for vehicle scrapping directly on the vehicle owners. h vehicle owner can only can eel a vehicle registration after he gets a certificate from an authorized vehicle dismantler showing that his vehicle was properly scrapped according to the law. The take-back rate of ELV reaches nearly 100% in Korea. The vehicle scrapping process in Korea is very similar to those in other countries. fluids such as fuels and oils are first removed, and recyclable parts are collected and separated. Engines and transmissions are dismantled and recycled for use as raw material. Plastics, which are not easily reused, are generally treated as industrial wastes. The "Motor Vehicle Control Act" prohibits reuse of certain parts in order to guarantee the safety of the used auto parts. However, some restrictions on the reuse of auto parts have recently been eased to promote recycling. In this paper, additionally, car recycling policy of the foreign countries such as Japan, Germany and EU were reviewed.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-41
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• 2015

Previous studies indicated that students tended to hold less satisfactory beliefs about the discipline of mathematics, beliefs about themselves as learners of mathematics, and beliefs about mathematics teaching and learning. However, only a few studies had developed curricular interventions to change students' beliefs. This study aimed to examine the effect of a problem-solving curriculum (i.e., Mathematical Problem Solving for Everyone, MProSE) on Singaporean Grade 7 students' beliefs about mathematical problem solving (MPS). Four classes (n =142) were engaged in ten lessons with each comprising four stages: understand the problem, devise a plan, carry out the plan, and look back. Heuristics and metacognitive control were emphasized during students' problem solving activities. Results indicated that the MProSE curriculum enabled some students to develop more satisfactory beliefs about MPS. Further path analysis showed that students' attitudes towards the MProSE curriculum are important predictors for their beliefs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.12 no.2 s.31
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• pp.27-35
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of Multi-functionality Roles including landscape and so on, which the stone fences in Jejudo possess, using Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Method(DC-CVM). The stone wall is life cultural heritance of Cheju islanders. It has functions like Development of Favorable Landscapes, Maintenance of Cultural Heritage, and Recreation/Relaxation. Expectation from Cheju visitors shows that the existence and inheritance value of the stone wall is higher then we expected. According to the research that we had done from the people that had agreed to contribute the stone wall, the result was that the public commercial value of Cheju tradition stone will increase every yew(2006: 367 billion won, 2011: 437.1 billion won). Therefore, preserving the stone wall that has Multi-functional Roles and values can lead to huge economic value in the future. But farmhouses in the stone wall conservation area are being supported 6 million won every year. This is only 10% of the income that farmhouse ems per year. Thus, stone wall preservation policy and plan that can raise green-tour commercial value of Cheju Island of long-term inside measurement will have to be propelled continuously.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2006

We demonstrate that paclitaxel, an antitumor agent derived from yew tree, inhibits LPS-induced expression of iNOS gene in RAW 264.7 cells. Previously, paclitaxel has been known to induce iNOS gene expression in macrophages. However, in this report we described that the pre-treatment of macrophages with paclitaxel ($0.1{\mu}M$) for 8 h inhibited LPS-induced iNOS gene expression. Pretreatment of RAW 264.7 cells with paclitaxel significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production. Western immunoblot of iNOS and RT-PCR analysis showed that the decrease of NO was due to the inhibition of iNOS gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Immunocytochemical staining of iNOS further confirmed that pretreatment of macrophages with paclitaxel inhibited macrophage activation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that paclitaxel inhibited $NF-_{\kappa}/Rel$ DNA binding. Collectively, these series of experiments indicate that paclitaxel inhibits iNOS gene expression by blocking $NF-_{\kappa}B/Rel$ activation.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.589-594
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• 2012

Paclitaxel is produced by various species of yew trees and has been extensively used to treat tumors. In our research, a taxadiene synthase (TS) gene from Taxus brevifolia was used to transform the roots of cultured ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) to produce taxadiene, the unique skeletal precursor to taxol. The TS gene was successfully introduced into the ginseng genome, and the de novo formation of taxadiene was identified by mass spectroscopy profiling. Without any change in phenotypes or growth difference in a TS-transgenic ginseng line, the transgenic TSS3-2 line accumulated $9.1{\mu}g$ taxadiene per gram of dry weight. In response to the treatment of methyl jasmonate for 3 or 6 days, the accumulation was 14.6 and $15.9{\mu}g$ per g of dry weight, respectively. This is the first report of the production of taxadiene by engineering ginseng roots with a taxadiene synthase gene.