• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.962-970
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• 2014

This study was performed to compare the physiological effects of puffed snack on diabetic and geriatric diseases using miscellaneous cereals and grain crops. The puffed snacks were prepared with different amounts of miscellaneous cereals and grain crops (in ratios of 10%, 20%, and 30% of brown rice). Changes in the water soluble index, water absorption index, color, antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content acidity, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity, and sensory evaluation were also determined. As the cereal and crop contents increased, the value of the water soluble index increased while the water absorption index decreased, with the exception of glutinous foxtail and barnyard millets. With respect to color, lightness and yellowness decreased in concert with increases in the cereal and crop contents, whereas redness increased. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content as well as ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity increased remarkably with increasing concentrations of sorghum. There was no significant difference in the physiological activities depending on the addition of millet, barley and barnyard millets. In sensory evaluation, the puffed snacks containing sorghum, millet, and glutinous foxtail millet received higher values than other samples. Altogether, our results indicate that puffed snacks containing 10~20% sorghum could be suitable as ingredients for improving sensory and physiological activities in diabetic and geriatric diseases.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 1993

The silk fabrics were treated with color solution extracted from leaf of Camellia. The depression effect of destruction and yellowing of silk treated with color solution, shift of UV-VIS spectra of color solution, color difference of silk fabrics by dyeing with acid dyes and drycleaning fastness of silk treated with color solution were studied. UV-VIS spectra appeared to hypsochromic shift by irradiation. The decrease of tensile strength and the elongation of the silk treated with color solution showed depressed but those of untreated silk increased by irradiation. The yellowness index of silk treated with color solution showed a little change by irradiation. The color difference after dyeing with several acid dyes on treated and untreated silk showed not remarkable changes. Dsrycleaning fastness of silk treated by color solution was excellent.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.262-266
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• 2015

This study was carried out to analyze the surface color change according to the weathering time. The surface color of material was one of evaluation indexes in exposure experiment. For the purpose, accelerated weathering test was performed with wood. The weathering time level was composed with 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 hours and color difference was estimated with the color difference meter. The surface color was changed to 500 hours that lightness and redness were decreased and yellowness was increased. However it did not changed after 500 hours. It means that the surface color could be the evaluation index of deterioration of the wood but it means very little after certain time.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 1998

Two-packaged polyurethane coatings were prepared by blending benzoic acid lactone modified polyester polyol(BLMPs) and HDI-biuret. BLMPs were synthesized by polycondensation of benzoic acid, viscosity depression component, with 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid, and polycaprolactone polyol. Kinematic viscosity of BLMP was gradually decreased with increasing benzoic acid content in BLMP. The low viscosity of modified polyester has an advantage of making a high-solid content coatings. After the film was coated with the prepared polyurethane coatings and cured at room temperature, the various physical properties were measured. They showed good physical properties such as flexibility, impact resistance, cross hatch adhesion, yellowness index, and rust resistance. These advantages are the results of introducing polycaprolactone polyol.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2017

The RapidEye satellite sensor has various spectral wavelength bands, and it can capture large areas with high temporal resolution. Therefore, it affords advantages in generating various types of thematic maps, including land cover maps. In this study, we applied a supervised classification scheme to generate high-resolution land cover maps using RapidEye images. To improve the classification accuracy, object-based classification was performed by adding brightness, yellowness, and greenness bands by Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) bands. It was experimentally confirmed that the classification results obtained by adding TCT and NDWI bands as input data showed high classification accuracy compared with the land cover map generated using the original RapidEye images.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 1995

The optical behavior of coloring matter extracted from onion's coats, the depression effects of destruction, yellowing and W transmittance of silk treated with color solution of onion's coats color difference of silk fabrics dyed with acid dyes and drycleaning fastness of silk treated with color solution has been investigated. The results are as follows : 1) The coloring matter extracted from onion's coats by alkali-acid method appeared properties of aglycon type. 2) &{\lambda}_{max}&of color solution extracted by distilled water was found at 280 and 327nm. 3) The decrease of tensile strength and the elongation of the silk treated with color solution were depressed but those of untreated silk were increased by irradiation of UV light. 4) The yellowness index of silk treated with color solution showed a little change by irradiation. 5) The UV transmittance of silk treated with color solution was decreased as increasing concentration of color solution. 6) The color difference after dyeing with several acid dyes on treated and untreated silk fabrics showed remarkable changes. 7) Drycleaning fastness of silk treated by color solution was excellent.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.446-455
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• 2017

We investigated the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.) to provide a consumer-oriented quality index. Oriental melon fruits were harvested at 20, 25, or 30 days after fruit set (DAFS), and each group was sorted by size (small, medium, and large). Fruits harvested at 25 and 30 DAFS had higher CIE $a^*$ and $b^*$ values, higher soluble solids content (SSC), and lower CIE $L^*$, firmness, and titratable acidity (TA) values than fruits harvested at 20 DAFS. Fruits harvested at 25 and 30 DAFS scored more highly for overall acceptance. A significant correlation was found between physicochemical characteristics and overall acceptance. In the delayed-harvest sample, increased sweetness and yellowness, and decreased sensorial texture were associated with an increase in overall acceptance. In principal component analysis, F1 and F2 explained 62.16% and 17.91% of the total variance (80.07%), respectively. Regression analysis of overall acceptance and F1 gave a coefficient of determination ($r^2$) of 0.87. Our results show that consideration of the physicochemical characteristics (CIE value, SSC, pH, SSC/TA ratio, and firmness) and sensory characteristics (yellowness, placenta area condition, oriental melon odor, sweetness, oriental melon flavor, texture, and off odor) of oriental melon in this way can be used as quality indices to predict consumer acceptance.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.236-242
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• 2008

In this study, sponge cakes were prepared with 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% red ginseng marc powder. The samples and a control were then compared in terms of quality characteristics, including batter viscosity and specific gravity, moisture content, water activity, volume index, weight, color, textural characteristics, and sensory qualities, in order to determine the optimal ratio of red ginseng marc powder in the formulation. The batter samples containing 0, 12, and 15% red ginseng marc powder had significantly higher viscosity than the other samples. Specific gravity of batter was not significantly different among the batter samples. The control group presented significantly higher moisture content as compared to the samples containing red ginseng marc powder samples. Water activity, volume index, and weight of all samples were not significantly different among the samples. In terms of crust color, lightness, redness, and yellowness of the crust samples decreased as the level of red ginseng marc powder content increased. For the crumb color, lightness and yellowness decreased, and redness increased, with increasing red ginseng marc powder content. Hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and springiness were not significantly different among the samples; however, the red ginseng marc powder samples had significantly higher chewiness than the control group. In the sensory evaluation, as the content of red ginseng marc powder increased, scores for color, flavor, softness, overall acceptability, moistness, and egg-flavor decreased, while scores for red ginseng taste, bitterness, astringency, and off-flavor incresed. Overall, the 3 and 6% red ginseng marc powder samples obtained fairly good sensory scores. In conclusion, the results indicate that adding $3{\sim}6%$ red ginseng marc powder to sponge cake is optimal, providing good physiological properties as well as reasonably high overall consumer acceptability.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 1994

The present study was focused on investigation of proper processing conditions to develop physicochemical properties of extrudates using sea mustard and corn by single extruder. Response surface analysis was used to evaluate effects of extrusion variables on the quality of the extrudates. Physicochemical dependence variables of sea mustard extrudates with corn grits show a significance correlation of within $5\%$. Among the various dependence variables, the expansion ratio showed a high correlation with bulk density, break strength, water solubility index and yellowness. Bulk density correlated closely with water solubility index; break strength with water absorption index and lightness, and water absorption index with lightness. Water solubility index and lightness showed a significance correlation with yellowness of within $0.5\%$. Three dimensional graphic analysis on response surface regression was conducted with each of the dependent variables which revealed statistically significant relationship to independent variables: $15{\sim}21\%$ moisture content, $10{\sim}30\%$ sea mustard content and $95{\sim}115^{\circ}C$ die temperature. Expansion ratio decreased with increasing moisture and sea mustard content. It showed the highest value at $18\%$ moisture content, $10\%$ sea mustard content and $95^{\circ}C$ die temperature. and the lowest value was at $21\%$ moisture content, $30\%$ sea mustard content and $105^{\circ}C$ die temperature. Bulk density was highest at $21\%$ moisture content, $30\%$ sea mustard content and $105^{\circ}C$ die temperature. On the other hand, it was lowest at $18\%$ moisture content, $10\%$ sea mustard content and $95^{\circ}C$ die temperature. Break strength was highest at $18\%$ moisture content, $10\%$ sea mustard content and $115^{\circ}C$ die temperature, but lowest at $21\%$ moisture content, $30\%$ sea mustard content and $105^{\circ}C$ die temperature. Water solubility index increased in the range of $43.9{\sim}54.8\%$ as the moisture content increased.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

The purposes of the study were to examine the changes in carcass traits and surface meat color, and cortisol concentration by different altitudes and shipping distances for steer and cow. The experimental animals were shipped from Kangwondo, Kyunggido, Choongchungdo, and Kyungsangdo to Wonju LPC. The animals were examined for yield traits, quality traits, carcass grade, lightness, redness, yellowness, croma value, and cortisol concentration by different altitudes and shipping distances. The results showed that the carcass traits of steer like back fat thickness were not different by shipping distances of 100 km, 150 km, and 200 km. However, the fat thickness was higher in steers shipped from 250 km than 100 km, 150 km, and 200 km distance. Ribeye area was reduced significantly in 200 km and 250 km than 50 km. Yield index and yield grade were significantly low in 250 km than 50-200 km. However, meat color, fat color, texture, mature, and quality grade had no differences between shipping distances. Marbling score was not different in 50-200 km. However, the marbling score in 250 km was significantly lower than that of 50 km. In case of surface meat color by shipping distance, redness, yellowness, chroma value, and hue-angle were not different in shipping distance of 250 km. The lightness had similar result in 50-200 km. However, in case of 250 km the lightness was significantly low. The REA of cow carcass by shipping distance had no differences by shipping distance. The BET had similar results in 50-150 km. However, it had significantly thick in 200 km. The yield index and yield grade had no differences in 50-150 km. However, yield index and grade were significantly low in 200 km. The carcass trait of cow had no differences in all items by shipping distance. Although the carcass traits and the BET for steer by altitude had no differences between 100, 200, 300 and 500 m, but those were significantly thick in 400 m. And the yield index and the yield grade at altitude 400 m were lower than that of other altitudes. The quality traits and the quality grade had no differences between 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 m altitudes. The yield traits, quality traits, yield grade, and quality grade had no significant differences by altitudes. In case of yield index of cow for 300 m was low than the cases of 100 m and 200 m. The surface meat color for steer and cow had no differences by altitudes. However, the lightness of cow had positive result in 100 m than 200 m and 300 m. In case of steer and cow the cortisol concentration by shipping distance was high as the shipping distances were longer. However, the cortisol concentrations of steer and cow by altitudes were decreased as the altitudes were increased. From the above results carcass traits and carcass grade were decreased and the cortisol concentration was increased as the altitudes were decreased for steer and cow.