• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.1106-1112
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• 2002

Lively circulation of digital contents through internet digital contents copyright information for contents at the same time protectingness express and had many interests managing. XrML(eXtensible rights Markup Language) that is application of XML(eXtensible Markup Language) to permit efficient present and storage of copyright information for digital contents, share hereupon established by each venders laying stress on W3C. Need system that could express copyright information for digital contents in structural language by creation of this XrML document and user who use structural information of XrML to make out XrML document effectively can edit efficiently. So that user can edit XrML document that can describe about copyright or working conditions for digital contents in treatise that see hereupon efficiently, XrML text editing system for digital contents copyright administration design and embody.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.2 s.40
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• pp.231-238
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• 2006

As digital contents circulation environment goes on-line by fast development of the latest Internet, contents demand is growing rapidly. However, XrML hard to change dynamically and has controversial point that hard to reflect user's request maximum after create license and issues to user, in this paper study of active digital license administration model who can reflect user request dynamically and support reusability of license XrML eXrML model who design extension design and suggested. Expect that this presents efficient administration plan in administration study of license base as well as study for digital contents administration.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.523-530
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• 2005

전자상거래(e-commerce)의 발달은 과거의 전통적인 상거래를 IT기술을 이용한, 새로운 시장구조를 제공하고 있다. 특히 인터넷을 통한 소프트웨어, 게임, 동영상 등 디지털 컨텐츠(digital contents)에 대한 상거래가 크게 증가하고 있어, 이러한 디지털 컨텐츠의 유통에 신뢰를 제공할 수 있는 시스템, 즉 디지털 저작권관리(digital rights management system), 또는 디지털 지적 저작권관리(digital intellectual property system)에 대한 유통 비즈니스 모델이 필요하다. XrML은 권리(rights)를 명시하는 언어로써 본 연구는 XrML을 이용하여 저작권관리에 필요한 권리구조를 구현한 시스템(prototype)을 표현했다. 벤츠와 그에 따른 서비스들을 사용할 수 있는 권리와 조건들을 명시해준다. XrML은 현재 디지털 저작권관리(Digital Rights Management: DIPR)에 가장 많이 쓰이고 있는 Rights Language이다. XrML은 ContentGuard가 개발한 DIPR 서술 언어로 전 세계 산업계 표준으로 추진하기 위하여 파트너 회사 확대, 기능 확장, 무료 / 공개 형식으로 보급을 추진중이다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.7-13
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• 2003

The Internet presents a unique platform for disseminating digital content such as music, video, games, software, text, business and proprietary corporate information. It promises ubiquitous access, while at the same time fundamentally challenging the traditional rules of ownership and distribution of content. In such environment, safe protection and proper delivery of digital content would be a crucial requirement toward a new e-business model. Research on the Digital Rights Management (DRM) focuses on filling this functional vacancy of the market transition by providing a more viable business model based. XrML(eXtensible Rights Markup Language) provides a universal tool for specification of rights, fees, and issuing conditions(licenses) associated with the use and protection of digital content. ContentGuard has developed XrML to unify the Digital Rights Management(DRM) specifications and encourage interoperability. It seems that all working groups of DRM agree to use XrMl for their right description language.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.23-26
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• 2003

인터넷의 발달은 전통적인 자연 발생적인 시장에 의한 상거래를, 기술에 의한 안전하면서 세계 시장을 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 전자상거래 구조를 제공하고 있다. 현재 전자상거래의 대상은 실물에 대한 상거래와 디지털 컨텐츠에 대한 상거래로 크게 분류할 수 있으며, 실물에 대한 상거래는 전통적 상거래 방식이 컴퓨터로 바뀐 상황이라고 볼 때, 디지털컨텐츠에 대한 상거래 즉, D-Commerce에 대한 상거래의 개념이 도래하고 있다. 디지털 컨텐츠의 상거래에 필요한 요소 기술에 대한 연구, 그리고 특히 새로운 유통 비즈니스 모델에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 디지털 컨텐츠는 생성, 가공, 유통, 분배 둥의 측면에서 많은 장점을 갖는 반면, 복사를 여러 번해도 원본의 품질에 손상 없이 쉽게 복사 될 수 있다는 것이 디지털 저작권 보호에 커다란 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 디지털 저작권권리(Digital Rights Management: DRM)은 디지털 콘텐츠의 보호와 적절한 유통체계를 설립하여 안전하게 상거래를 할 수 있게 하기 위한 새로운 기술이다. XrML은 권리(Right)를 명시하는 언어로써 디지털 컨텐츠와 그에 따른 서비스들을 사용할 수 있는 권리와 조건들을 명시해준다. XrML은 현재 디지털 저작권권리(Digital Rights Management: DRM)에 가장 많이 쓰이고 있는 Rights Language이다. XrML은 ContentGuard가 개발한 DRM 서술 언어로 전 세계 산업계 표준으로 추진하기 위하여 파트너 회사 확대, 기능 확장, 무료/공개 형식으로 보급을 추진하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.368-372
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• 2002

Channel of distribution of contents of digitalised multimedia contents is changing in form passed directly to consumer from manufacturer through digital network of high speed. Together, diffusion of various digital equipment that do is changing Past multimedia consumption structure with the wonderful speed so that can consume easily digital contents. Specially, Multimedia Personal Computer and fast diffusion of a digital television are acting role such as catalyst that promote easy purchase and consumption of multimedia contents of good qualify. However, this system is no method that can sell digital contents and express right that original owner for the contents can insist nothing but consume. Because consumer can distribute to another person copying contents that buy because of and user can distribute producing ashes again according to necessary field by oneself as well as, can lose meaning for original contents. In this paper, Text editing system for XrML (extensible Rights Markup Language) that describe about integrity of message and entity authentication in addition to necessary rights, fees, condition etc. and this to do fetters XML (eXtensible Markup Language) for copyright protection for digital contents in treatise that see hereupon and use digital contents design and embody.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2005

Xuesaitong Ruanjiaonang (XR), a soft capsule containing Panax notoginseng saponins as main ingredients, is believed to remove extravasated blood and increase cerebral blood flow by improving blood circulation, and therefore, has been used in China to treat ischemic stroke or hemiplegia caused by cerebral thrombosis. To characterize pharmacological actions of XR, the present study evaluated its effects on neuronal cell damage induced by various oxidative insults or excitotoxic amino acids in primary cultured rat cortical cells. The neuronal cell viability was not affected by XR with the exposure for 2 h at the concentrations tested in this study ($10{\sim}1000\;{\mu}g/ml$). However, significant reduction of the cell viability was observed when the cultured cells were exposed to XR at $1000\;{\mu}g/ml$ for 24 h. XR was found to concentration-dependently inhibit the oxidative neuronal damage induced by $H_{2}O_2$, xanthine/xanthine oxidase or $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbic acid. In addition, it dramatically inhibited the excitotoxic damage induced by glutamate or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). We found that the NMDA-induced neurotoxicity was inhibited more effectively and potently than the glutamate-induced toxicity. Moreover, XR was found to exert mild inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced by $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbic acid in rat brain homogenates and some 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Taken together, these results demonstrate neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of XR, showing inhibition of oxidative and excitotoxic damage in the cultured cortical neurons, as well as inhibition of lipid peroxidation and its radical scavenging activity. Considering that excitotoxicity and oxidative stress pl ay crucial roles in neuronal cell damage during ischemia and reperfusion, these results may provide pharmacological basis for its clinical usage to treat ischemic stroke.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.289-292
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• 2003

Digitalized multimedia contents is changing active digital contents in form passed from manufacturer directly to consumer though digital network of high speed, also face with big problem that is protection of rights to protect digital contents, to protect those and effort to active digital contents process height. Also, in situation that require change to more efficient system, the efficiency of rights document that is basic intermediate to be used in business of digital contents field is emphasized. Therefore, the design of common business model to share contents that have same purpose without depending on specific system to offer contents with another system is required. This paper designed adaptable rights business model to general digital contents, and designed and implemented rights document editing system to editable document for Right management according to designed business model.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2003

Recently, the studies of contents protection technique are getting popular in the field of internet DRM(Digital Right Management). But, authentication process of digital contents is different from each implementation. Also, protection technique for the contents rights intrusion adapts each other methodologies. We survey the modeling and system of DRM such as DOI, INDECS, MPEG-21, XrML, and OPIMA standard in this paper.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.53-81
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• 2005

Current DRM system has limitation in protection of user's privacy Therefore, many troubles are expected in service providing if it comes into the ubiquitous times of context-aware environment. HKUST Proposed a watermark-based web service DRM system. However, the relevant study does not consider ubiquitous environment and cannot provide service that considered a context. And privacy protection of a user is impossible. On the other hand, Netherlands Phillips laboratory indicated a privacy problem of a DRM system and they proposed an alternative method about this. However, in relevant study, a Sniffing/Replay attack is possible if communicated authentication information are exposed between a user and device. We designed web services adaptable privacy-aware DRM architecture which supplements these disadvantages. Our architecture can secure user authentication mechanism for sniffing/Replay attack and keep anonymity and protect privacy Therefore , we can implement the privacy-aware considered web service DRM system in Context-Aware environment.