• Title/Summary/Keyword: Xanthine oxidase type conversion

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Effect of Heat-treated Ceruloplasmin on the Hepatic xanthine Oxidase Activity and Type Conversion

  • Huh, Keun;Shin, Uk-Seob;Lee, Sang-Il
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.56-59
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    • 1995
  • The effect of ceruloplasmin or copper ion on hepatic xanthine oxidase activity and type conversion was investigated using rat liver in vitro. It was observed that ceruloplasmin increased xanthine oxidase type conversion depending on duration of its storage. Xanthine oxidase (type O) activity and type conversion in incubation mixture was increased by the addition of heated celuroplasmin in a temperature dependent manner. The type conversioin of xanthine oxidase induced by heated ceruloplasmin was retumed to normal by the tratment with DTT or penicillamine. The effect of copper ion on type conversion of xanthine oxidase was similar to that of heated ceruloplasmin.

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Effect of Copper ion on Xanthine Oxidase Activity and Type Conversion (Xanthine oxidase 활성 및 형전환에 미치는 구리이온의 영향)

  • Huh, Keun;Lee, Sang-Il;Park, Jeen-Woo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.211-217
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    • 1994
  • Copper intoxication and disturbance of copper metabolism induced various oxygen-derived free radicals related damages. The effect of copper ion on xanthine oxidase activity and type conversion of the enzyme which is concerned to generation of reactive oxygen species, was investigated, It was observed that xanthine oxidase activity was increased by addition of copper ion in the reaction mixture in proportional to the concentration of the metal ion until $60\;{\mu}M$, while the enzyme activity was inhibited in higher concentration of copper treatment. On the other hand, xanthine dehydrogenase activity was inhibited by copper ion addition with concentration dependently. Preincubation of enzyme source with $30\;{\mu}M$ of copper ion, which concentration marked increased the xanthine oxidase activity, unchanged the enzyme activity and type conversion compare to control in vitro system. It was also observed that copper induced xanthine oxidase activity and the enzyme type conversion was protected by dithiothreitol and penicillamine. These results indicate that the increment of the type conversion of xanthine oxidase necessarilly need the presence of copper ion in enzyme assay system.

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Effect of Carbon Tetrachloride Intoxication on the Type Conversion of Xanthine Dehydrogenase Into Xanthine Oxidase in Rats

  • Yoon, Chong-Guk;Huh, Keun
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.36-41
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    • 1987
  • The conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (type D) into xanthine oxidase (type D) was significantly increased in serum and liver of all $CCI_4$ treated rats on the necrosis and early cirrhosis stage of liver tissue. In the pretreatment of prednisolone, the ratio of type O per type O + D showed the decreasing tendency in serum, but the significant decrease in liver. In vitro, the conversion of liver xanthine oxidase from type D into type O was markedly increased by following preincubation with lysosomal fraction. The type conversion of xanthine oxidase may be caused by protelytic enzymes in lysosome.

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The Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated Metallothionein on the Hepatic Xanthine Oxidase Activity

  • Huh, Keun;Shin, Uk-Seob;Lee, Sang-Il
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.490-493
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    • 1995
  • We investigated the effect of hydrogen peroxide-treated metallothionein on the hepatic xanthine oxidase activity in vitro. When the metallothionein was preincubated with 1 mM of hydrogen peroxide, the activity of xanthine oxidase and type conversion were elevated dose-dependently by the addition of metallothionein into the reaction mixture. While increasing the treatment of hydrogen peroxide to the $50{\mu}g$of metallothionein, the xanthine oxidase activity and type conversion ratio were remarkably elevated dose dependently compared to the control. When cadmium ion was added to the reaction mixture, the increasing pattern of the enzyme activity was similar to the effect of hydrogen peroxide-treated metallothionein. DTT or penicillamine restored the increasing activity and type conversion of xanthine oxidase by the cadmium ion to the control level.

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Effect of Lead Ion on The Hepatic Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Vitro (납이온이 잔틴 옥시다제 활성에 미치는 영향)

  • Huh, Keun;Shin, Uk-Seob;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Ann, Won-Hyo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.39 no.5
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    • pp.521-527
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    • 1995
  • This study was done to determine the effect of lead acetate on the activities of the hepatic cytosofic xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase which were well known as oxygen free radical generating enzyme in vitro. Lead ion accelerated the formation of lipid peroxide and the increment of xanthine oxidase(type O) activity and the type conversion ratio from xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase dose-dependently. But xanthine dehydrogenase(type D) activity was decreased. Aldehyde oxidase activity was not changed by lead ion. These data suggested that lead-induced cellular to)dcity may be concerned partially with xanthine oxidase mediated lipid peroxidation.

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Therapeutic Effect of Rebamipide on Ammonia-induced Gastric Mucosal Hemorrhagic Lesion in Rats

  • Huh, Keun;Kwon, Tae-Hyub;Kim, Soo-Kyun;Kim, Jin-Sook;Shin, Uk-Seob
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 1998
  • Rebamipide, 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-[2(1H)-quinolinone-4-yl]-propionic acid, a novel antipeptic ulcer agent, has been reported to prevent various acute experimental gastric mucosal lesions and to accelerate the healing of chronic ulcers. Therapeutic effect of rebamipide was investigated with regard to the inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity and type conversion of the enzyme which play a profound role in oxygen radicals generation system. Intraperitoneal administration of rebamipide at 60 mg/kg body weight reduced the xanthine oxidase activity, lipid peroxide content in ammonia induced hemorrhagic lesion. These results suggest that the therapeutic effect of rebamipide on gastric mucosal lesion may be in part due to the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase and type conversion rate of the enzyme.

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Effects of Cervus elaphus extract solution for Aqua-acupuncture on Antioxidation in Rat's Brain induced by ischemia and reflow (허혈(虛血)/재관류(再貫流) 뇌(腦) 조직(組織)에서 녹용(鹿茸) 약침액(藥鍼液)의 항산화작용(抗酸化作用)에 대한 연구(硏究))

  • Jeong, Ji-Cheon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.167-180
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    • 1999
  • Cervus elaphus, being known to reinforce Kidney, have tested to study the effects concerning damages of brain tissue induced by lipid peroxidation. In vitro, the level of lipid peroxide in brain tissue was decreased proportinally according to dose by Cervus elaphus extract solution for aqua-acupuncture (CESAA). It was much more decreased, when lipid peroxidation was induced with Fe(II). And, it was seen proportinally decrease according to the dose of CESAA on xanthine oxidase activities and type conversion ratio. However, I can not find special changes about aldehyde oxidase activities. And, I had observed the effects of CESAA on damages of rat's brain following ischemia and reflow. Before ischemia was caused, CESAA was applied 0.2 ml per 250 g through femoral vein in ischemia and reflow group and normal sailine was applied in normal group. Ischemia was caused by cervical artery's clamp for 30 min and reflowed by clamp remove after 15 min. It was increased on the content of lipid peroxidation, activies and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase following ischemia and reflow. However, they were decreased when CESAA was pre-appllied. However, it could not seen special changes on aldehyde oxidase activities, either. In conclusion. CESAA recovers the damage of brain due to ischemia and reflow by decreasing the lipid peroxidation through decreasing of xanthine oxidase activies and type conversion ratio.

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Effects of Cervus elaphus for herb-acupuncture solution on Antioxidation in Rat‘s liver (흰쥐의 간(肝) 조직(組織)에서 녹용(鹿茸) 약침(藥針) 제제(製劑)의 항산화작용(抗酸化作用)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Yoon, Cheol-Ho;Jeong, Ji-Cheon;Shin, Uk-Seob
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.17 no.2 s.32
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    • pp.191-202
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    • 1996
  • Cervus elaphus for herb-acupuncture solution(CEHAS) was tested for the effects of free radical generating enzyme and lipid peroxidation in rat's liver. In vitro, levels of lipid peroxide in tissues of liver were proportionally decreased to concentration of CEHAS. They were much more decreased. when lipid peroxidation was induced with ferrous iron $(Fe^{-2})$. Also, enzyme activities of xanthine oxidase were decreased. The ratio of type conversion of xanthine oxidase was lowered, too. But, here was not special changes on enzyme activities of aldehyde oxidase. These results suggest that CEHAS decrease the activities of free radical generating enzymes such as xanthine oxidase which form lipid peroxide.

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Effects of Cordyceps Sinensis and Cordyceps Militaris on Antioxidation in liver of $CCl_4$-treated rats ($CCl_4$ 유도 간 독성에 대한 동충하초의 항산화 효과)

  • 민건우;박종혁;신상국;윤철호;서운교;정지천;한영환;신억섭
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.31-41
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    • 2001
  • Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of Cordyceps Sinensis (CS) and Cordyceps Militaris (CM) on anti oxidation in the livers of ${CCl_4}-treated$ rats. Methods : Hepatotoxicity in rats was induced by carbon tetracWoride. $CCl_4-induced$ rats were administered with the extract of CS and CM. Results : In vitro, CS and CM didn't affect levels of lipid peroxide and the activities and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase. However, hydroxyl radicals and DPPHL radicals were decreased. In vivo, in the ${CCl_4}-treated$ rats, lipid peroxide, the activities and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and superoxide radicals were increased but superoxide dismutase was decreased. After CS and CM were administered to ${CCl_4}-treated$ rats, levels of lipid peroxide, the activities and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and superoxide radicals were decreased but superoxide dismutase was increased. Conclusions : These results suggest that CS and CM decrease the activities of free-radical-generating enzymes which form lipid peroxide and increase the activities of oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes.

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Effect of the Rosae laevigatae Fructus extract on the nitric oxide synthase activity and antioxidan action in Rat's corpus cavernosum penis (금앵자(金櫻子) 추출물(抽出物)이 음경해선체(陰莖海線體)의Nitric oxide synthase 활성(活性) 및 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kim, Kyung-Dong;Jeong, Ji-Cheon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.452-465
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    • 1998
  • Rosae laevigatae Fructus extract (RLF) was tested for the effects on the urethral nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and Antioxidation in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. RLF was treated firstly into samples, and then STZ induced diabetic rats were set with them. In vitro, the urethral NOS activity was not noted but the type O activity and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and the level of urethral lipid peroxide were decreased in the level of Dose of extract prepared from RLF. In vivo, after the extract was administered to the animal model for fifteen days, the urethral NOS activity increased in STZ induced diabetic rats to the level of normal rats. The content of urethral nitrite and glutathione followed by RLF pre-medicating administration, increased as highly as normal group in compare with the group treated with STZ. The type O activity and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and the level of urethral lipid peroxide followed by RLF pre-medicating administration, decreased as lowly as normal group in compare with the group treated with STZ. In conclusion, the extract of RLF will be able to restore erectile dysfunction of STZ induced diabetic rats.

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