• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.522-525
• /
• 2004

ITO thin films $({\sim}150\;nm)$ are deposited on glass substrates by different deposition condition. The sheet resistance of ITO thin films measured by using a four probe station. The microstructure of these films is determined using a X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a atomic force microscope (AFM). The sheet resistance of ITO thin films compared $s_{11}$ values by using a near field scanning microwave microscope.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2004.07b
• /
• pp.1042-1045
• /
• 2004

ITO thin films ($\sim150nm$) are deposited on glass substrates by different deposition condition. The sheet resistance of ITO thin films measured by using a four probe station. The microstructure of these films is determined using a X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a atomic force microscope (AEM). The sheet resistance of ITO thin films compared $s_11$ values by using a near field scanning microwave microscope.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 2010

A hard X-ray microscope system for obtaining images of nano-spatial resolution has been widely studied and requires monochromatic X-ray. A multilayer mirror of 84% reflectivity was designed to acquire tungsten characteristic X-ray of 8.4 keV from the white beam generated from an X-ray tube, and the C/W multilayer mirror of $50{\times}50\;mm$ size and 5.65 nm d-spacing was fabricated by the ion-beam sputtering system. The C/W multilayer had a uniformity of 99.5%, and the structure of the multilayer mirror was verified by a TEM image. The obtainable x-ray reflectivity for the C/W multilayer mirror at 8.4 keV was estimated from measuring the X-ray reflectivity using the copper characteristic X-ray of 8.05 keV. Monochromatic X-ray of 8.4 keV was generated by combining a X-ray tube, and the reflectivity and monochromaticity were 77.1% and 0.21 keV, respectively. Monochromatic X-ray generated from the combination of an X-ray tube and an C/W multilayer mirror has enough potential to use X-ray source for hard X-ray microscope system of laboratory size. If the C/W multilayer mirror of d-spacing of a few nanometers can be fabricated, monochromatic X-ray corresponded to 17.5 keV, molybdenum characteristic X-ray, can be obtained and applied to mammography in the medical application.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.235-243
• /
• 2008

A compact soft x-ray microscope operated in the 'water window' wavelength region ($2.3{\sim}4.4nm$) was used for observing cells with nano-scale spatial resolution. To obtain cellular imaging captured with colloidal gold nanoparticles using a compact soft x-ray microscope. The colloidal gold nanoparticles showed higher contrast and lower transmission more than 7 times than that of cellular protein on the soft x-ray wavelength region. The structure and thickness of the cell membrane of the Coscinodiscus oculoides (diatome) and red blood cells were seen clearly. The gold nanoparticles within the HT1080 and MDA-MB 231 cells were seen clearly on the soft x-ray microscopy. The gold nanoparticles were aggregated within vesicles by endocytosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.132-136
• /
• 2004

열 증착 방법을 이용하여 copper(II)-phthalocyanine(CuPc) 박막을 glass 기판 위에 제작하였다. 열처리 조건은 $150^{\circ}C$에서 후열(annealing) 처리 하는 방식과 예열하는 두 가지 방식으로 달리하였다. 제작된 박막의 전기전도도를 평가하기 위해 마이크로웨이브 근접장 효과를 이용한 근접장 현미경(near-field scanning microwave microscope)을 이용하여 비파괴적인 방식으로 CuPc 박막의 반사계수(reflection coefficient)를 측정하였다. CuPc 박막의 전기전도도 특성을 UV 흡수도를 통한 에너지 밴드갭의 shift 현상과 관련지어 설명하고 또한 x-ray diffraction(XRD) data를 통해 박막의 결정 특성과 비교하였다. 박막 표면 특성은 SEM(scanning microscope microscopy)을 통해 관측하였다. 열처리 조건에 따른 CuPc 박막의 전기전도도 특성은 후열 처리한 박막의 경우 예열 처리한 박막보다 전기 전도 특성이 향상되었음을 관측할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.95-99
• /
• 2008

Cu has been used for metallic interconnects in ULSI applications because of its lower resistivity according to the scaling down of semiconductor devices. The resistivity of Cu lines will affect the RC delay and will limit signal propagation in integrated circuits. We investigated the electrolyte effects of the electroplating solution in the resistivity value of Cu films grown by electroplating deposition (EPD). The resistivity was measured with a four-point probe and the material properties were investigated with XRD (X-ray Diffraction), AFM (Atomic Force Microscope), FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) and XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). From these experimental results, we found that the electrolyte condition plays an Important role in formation of Cu film with lower resistivity by EPD.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Investigation
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.37-40
• /
• 2008

This paper deals with damage patterns of cabinet panel for low voltage deteriorated by flame. In order to analyze damage patterns, we used Metallurgical Microscope, x-ray system, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Firstly, Metallurgical microscope was used for analysis of electrical causes, such as electric short and overload Secondly, X-ray system was used for analysis of internal characteristics of circuit breakers. Lastly, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was used for analysis of damage direction by flame.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.112-112
• /
• 2015

The purposed of this work was to determine nanotube shape variation on the Ti-xNb alloys with alloying elements and applied potentials. Samples were prepared by arc melting, followed by followed by homogenization for 12 hr at $1000^{\circ}C$ in argon atmosphere. This study was evaluated the phase and microstructure of Ti-xNb alloys using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM). The morphology of the samples was investigated with a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The nanotube on the alloy surface was formed in 1 M $H_3PO_4$ with small additions of NaF 0.8 wt.%. All anodization treatments were carried out using a scanning potentiostat (Model 362, EG&G, USA) at constant voltage 30 V for 120 min, respectively. The morphology of the samples was investigated with a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Surface characteristics of nanotbue formed on Ti-xNb alloys was investigated by potentiodynamic test and potentiostatic in 0.9% NaCl solution at $36.5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. It was observed that the changed ${\alpha}$ phase to ${\beta}$ phase with Nb content.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2010.09a
• /
• pp.379-391
• /
• 2010

In order to understand the mechanism of cementation of soft soils treated with bacteria, three types of specimens(untreated, normal bacteria concentration treated, and high bacteria concentration treated) were made. Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), EDX and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analyses were performed on the soft silt and loose sand specimens. Compared with the untreated specimen, a clearer cementation between particles was observed in the high bacteria concentration treated specimen. Based on the scanning electron microscope(SEM) EDX analyses, more calcium carbonate was observed in the specimen treated with high bacteria concentration than other specimens. On the basis of the preliminary results, it appears that microbial cementation can occur in the soft soil. Further study on the cementation of soils using bacteria is necessary to validate this result.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.26 no.8
• /
• pp.1645-1652
• /
• 2002

The failure analysis on fractured parts is divided into the qualitative method by naked eyes and metallurgical microscope etc. and the quantitative method by SEM and X-ray diffraction etc. X-ray fractography can be applied to contaminated surface as well as clean surface and gain the plastic deformation and the residual stress near the fractured surface. Turbine blade is subject to cyclic bending force by steam pressure and suffers fatigue damage according to the increasing operating time. Therefore, to clean up the fracture mechanism of torsion-mounted blade in nuclear plant, the fatigue and the X-ray diffraction test was performed on the 12%Cr steel fur turbine blade and the fractured parts. The correlation of X-ray parameter and fracture mechanics parameter was determined, and then the load applied to actual broken turbine blade was predicted. Failure analysis was performed by contact stress analysis and Goodman diagram of torsion-mounted blade.