• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.360-361
• /
• 2002

대기 중의 에어로졸은 지구의 복사평형에 직·간접적으로 영향을 끼친다. 직접적인 영향으로는 에어로졸이 가시광선과 자외선 영역의 에너지를 산란 또는 흡수함으로써 기후에 영향을 미치며, 간접적으로는 microphysical process에 의한 구름의 특성을 변화시키거나 불균일적인 화학반응을 통해서 복사특성을 지니는 가스들을 변화시킴으로써 기후에 영향을 미친다. 또한 동북아 지역 및 인접한 태평양 지역은 중국과 인접해 있는 관계로 매년 봄철이민 고비사막이나 중국의 황토고원에서 발생한 황사(Asian Dust) 현상에 의해 많은 고통을 겪고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.791-794
• /
• 1999

Exact estimation of cement content in a hardened concrete can provide useful data to evaluate the quality and strength of the concrete and might be used to inspect the quality of precast concrete secondary products. Observation obtained in this research included : (1) the volume of coarse aggregate in the hardened concrete measured by the area comparison method has a high accuracy ; (2) the cement content in the mortar and the X-ray intensity of Ca-K$\alpha$ have a correlation factor of 0.96 ; (3) the cement content in the ready mixed concrete was estimated with high accuracy such as correlation factor of 0.99 and standard deviation of 0.64.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 2000

This study on the incineration ash and sintering pellet from sewage sludge was carried out to evaluate the possibility of recycling in sewage sludge disposal. The samples used in this experiment were raw sewage sludge, its incineration ash, and sintering pellet. The characteristics of the three sample types were identified using X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray fluorescence(XRF), atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS), and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy(ICP). The chemical compositions of all three sample types were similar in their clay component, however, the sewage sludge had a high content of organic materials. From an analysis of the mineral content of the three sample types, the conversion of their compositions was found to be relative to temperature. Accordingly, incineration ash and sintering pellet both have potential for use as a functional construction material.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.123-127
• /
• 2012

A facile and simple procedure for the synthesis of novel and known calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives were developed via a reaction of arylaldehydes with resorcinol in the presence of catalytic amounts of tungstate sulfuric acid (TSA) under solvent-free conditions. This eco-friendly method has many appealing attributes, such as excellent yields, short reactions times, use of safe and recoverable catalyst, and simple work-up procedures. TSA was characterized by powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and FTIR spectroscopy.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2008

Fe compounds in scoria as distributed in the south-western area of Jeju Island were investigated using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and $^{57}Fe$ $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectroscopy. The samples were prepared from four parasite volcanoes. It was found that these samples are typical basalt comprised of $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, Fe, and silicate minerals. The $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectra showed doublets for olivine, pyroxene, and ilmenite as well as sextets for hematite and magnetite. The valence state of Fe is chiefly a 3+ charge state with a slight 2+ charge state. It is expected that these results will add to the body of information related to the formation mechanisms of Jeju Island.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2021.11a
• /
• pp.170-171
• /
• 2021

This study compared the characteristics of the newly established JISA 5011-5 coal gasification slag fine aggregate with the characteristics of CGS generated in Korean IGCC through microscopic analysis. As a result of the study, similar results to K_CGS and J_CGS were found

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.30
• /
• pp.127-144
• /
• 2023

"Buliseonrando," meaning "Buddhist virtues and the orchid are one and the same," was painted by Chusa Kim Jeong-hee. Four appreciation sentences are written in various fonts around the orchid drawn in the center of the painting, along with a total of 15 seals stamped. Hyperspectral image analysis(HSI), microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were conducted with a focus on the seals and the parts of the painting that have been applied with a conservation treatment. As a result of the analyses, the seals were classified into two types-seals with or without barium content. Stamp shade was identified only in five of themstamps, which allows the assumption that the composition and material characteristics of the stamp inks varied depending on the period. In particular, hyperspectral image analysis confirms traces of conservation treatment on the seals and the lost parts identified in addition to the 15 seals, which also demonstrates the utility of hyperspectral image analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1770-1778
• /
• 2001

황토는 대표적인 천연 무기염재의 일종으로서 바람에 의해 운반되어 퇴적된 담황색 내지는 황회색을 띠는 실트질의 퇴적물을 일컫는다. 황토의 구성물질은 주로 석영, 장석, 산화철광물, 깁사이트 등의 여러 가지 점토광물을 포함하는데, 주로 적색을 띠는 것은 소량의 산화철 광물에 기인되는 경우가 많으며 황토를 구성하는 점토광물로는 버미큘라이트, 카오린 광물인 캐올리나이트와 할로이사이트, 일라이트 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 면직물에 천연 무기염재인 황토를 사용한 염색시에 황토 단독염색과 콩즙 전처리 후 황토염색으로 나누어 염색을 실시하고, 원료 황토와 황토염색 후 면직물에 부착된 성분 간에 차이가 있는지를 확인하기 위해 X선 형광분석(X-ray fluorescence analysis, XRF)을 이용하여 염색 전.후 황토의 성분을 분석하였고, X선 회절분석(X-ray diffraction analysis, XRD)을 이용하여 황토 및 염색 전 후 면직물에 부착된 광물질의 주성분을 분석하였으며, energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS)가 장착된 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 면직물에 부착된 광물의 성분을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 황토로 면직물을 염색하는 경우 면직물에 부착되는 황토의 양과 K/S 값은 거 의 비례하여 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 황토 염색 후 면직물에 부탁되는 주성분은 주로 SiO$_2$, A1$_2$O$_3$, Fe$_2$O$_3$등인 것으로 나타났으며, X선 회절분석과 EDS분석에 의해 캐올리나이트, 일라이트 등의 점토광물의 형태로 존재하는 것이 확인되었다.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.177-181
• /
• 2014

$Cu_2ZnSn(S_xSe_{1-x})_4$ (CZTSSe) absorber thin films were prepared on Mo coated soda lime glass substrates by sulfo-selenization of sputtered stacked Zn-Sn-Cu precursor thin films. The Zn-Sn-Cu precursor thin films were sulfo-selenized inside a graphite box containing S and Se powder using rapid thermal processing furnace at $540^{\circ}C$ in Ar atmosphere with pre-treatment at $300^{\circ}C$. The effect of different S/Se ratio on the structural, compositional, morphological and electrical properties of the CZTSSe thin films were studied using XRD (X-ray diffraction), XRF (X-ray fluorescence analysis), FE-SEM (field-emission scanning electron microscopy), respectively. The XRD, FE-SEM, XRF results indicated that the properties of sulfo-selenized CZTSSe thin films were strongly related to the S/Se composition ratio. In particular, the CZTS thin film solar cells with S/(S+Se)=0.25 shows best conversion efficiency of 4.6% ($V_{oc}$ : 348 mV, $J_{sc}$ : $26.71mA/cm^2$, FF : 50%, and active area : $0.31cm^2$). Further detailed analysis and discussion for effect of S/Se composition ratio on the properties CZTSSe thin films will be discussed.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.670-678
• /
• 2021

Anseong Cheonryongsa, a temple located in Anseong Seoun Mountain, is a part of the second Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism, under the Yongju Temple, and enshrines a gilt-bronze seated Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva. In this study, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis revealed that this statue is composed of Cu-27.2 wt%, Sn-12.6 wt% and Pb-48 wt%. A gamma (γ) ray (Ir-192) image confirmed damage on the backside of the statue, which was later repaired with wood. The XRF analysis and visual observation determined the boundary between the metal and wood in the statue. In addition, results of standard X-ray peak intensity of gold foil and correlation with thickness helped to derive an equation for calculating the thickness of the Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva's gold foil. It was determined that the gilded chest (21 ㎛) and face (20.7 ㎛) of the statue were the thickest sections, the wooden substratum (11.9 ㎛) was the next-most thick, and the bronze (7.4 ㎛) was the thinnest layer.