• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.720-726
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• 1992

Multivariate analysis such as factor analysis was applied to interpret multivariate data, which were obtained from the overlapped X-ray fluorescence spectra. X-ray fluorescence spectra of 11 reference samples were obtained by the wavelength dispersive spectrometer at a specified range of angle such as $33.50∼34.50^{\circ}$. The data matrix was made from the spectra of 8 samples. The results of abstract factor analysis gave three factors. By the target testing with 8 elements contained in the reference samples, the three factors were found to be Pb, As and Cu. The concentration of these elements in the test samples was determined by target transformation factor analysis regardless overlapping individual peaks.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.345-348
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• 2015

Dried Rehmannia Radix Preparat, produced in different geographic origins of Korea and China, were investigated for the trace element contents using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. When the estimated data for 35 kind of elements including K, P, S, Cl, Si, Al, Fe, Sn, etc on 143 samples were analyzed by canonical discrimination technique, the average classification correct rate was 92.3% and the significance was less than 0.0001. In case of reducing the number of elements for statistic analysis from 35 to 8 and to 3, the correct rates were also reduced to 88.1% and to 84.6%. The correct rate for Chinese samples ranged from 94.6-96.0%, while those for Korean ranged from 72.5-89.9%.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.183-190
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• 2000

This study aims at making a research into the physical and chemical properties of the neolithic era potterys, which are unearthed from Gosanli, Sagaeli, Bukchonli, Samyangdong and Gonaili districts in Cheju Island, by using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and Mossbauer spectroscopy. This results are as follows. The principal component of five plain coarse pottery sherds by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and X-ray diffraction spectrum at the room temperature is silicate mineral which is equal to SiO$_2$, and they also have a little magetite, hematite and goethite. The most existent Fe is Fe$\^$+3/ through Mossbauer spectroscopy analysis of plain coarse pottery sherds and it is presumed that the magnetic hyperfine splitting caused this result. The ratio of Fe$\^$2+//(Fe$\^$2+/+Fe$\^$3+/) is mostly zero by Mossbauer spectrum at the room temperature of plain coarse pottery sherds and it is thought because they were fired in the atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.409-415
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• 2011

The method to improve the detection sensitivity of Hand-held XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) device currently being developed is discussed. To minimize the loss of the intensity due to atmospheric gas molecules, the vacuum module, which can be filled with atmospheric or He gas, between the sample and the detector was installed. And the change of the detection sensitivity was measured in a vacuum and in the He gas-filled state. As a result, the following three important results were obtained; Firstly, XRF intensity was increased 2~4 times in the low energy range (3~4 keV). It is a very important result because the enhancement of the detection sensitivity means shortening of the detection time in Hand-held XRF device. Secondly, the possibility of detection of the elements less than 3 keV in emission energy was confirmed. Thirdly, the absorption by atmospheric gas molecules can be minimized without vacuum- sealed vessel in Hand-held XRF device, if the vacuum module filled with He gas is used. We concluded that all of three results are very meaningful in the development of a Hand-held XRF device.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.293-301
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• 1984

-ray fluorescence analysis of $Ta_2O_5$, $Nb_2O_5$ and $ZrO_2$ in tin-slag samples using the simple dilution method was studied. The method is to correct mathematically the calibration curve to the linear line by the dilution. One synthesized standard having similar composition to the sample and tin slag samples were diluted with anhydrous $Li_2B_4O_7$ at the level of 1%, 2% and 3% of the sample content respectively. The diluted samples were fused at $1150^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes and these glass beads were finely ground and pelletized. Measuring the X-ray intensities with these pellets, analytical results were calculated by the equation derived from J. Scherman's equation for the characteristic X-ray intensity of an element. Analytical results agreed with the reference values obtained by the standard calibration method within allowable error range and were reproducible.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1585-1589
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• 2002

Two novel calixarene-based fluoroionophores were synthesized. Their conformations were confirmed to 1,3-alternate by X-ray crystal structures. From CHEF by blocking the PET mechanism in fluorescence spectra, we observed $In^{3+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$ selectivity over other metal ions. For $In^{3+}$ion, calix[4]-bis-azacrown-5 showed about 20 times more sensitive than calix[4]-mono-azacrown-5 because the source of the binding selectivity comes from the calixarene framework and azacrown ligand by controlling the fluorescence and PET mechanisms as-sociated with the amine moiety.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.168-173
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• 2008

Fe compounds of scoria distributed in northern area of Jeju island are investigated using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and $^{57}Fe$ Mossbauer spectroscopy. The samples were prepared from four parasite volcanos. These samples consist of the typical basalt comprised of $SiO_2,\;Al_2O_3$, Fe compounds, and silicate minerals. The $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectra showed doublets for olivine, pyroxene, and ilmenite as well as sextets for hematite and magnetite. The valence state of Fe is chiefly a 3+ charge state with a little 2+ charge state. It is expected that this results will add to the body of information related to the information mechanism of Jeju island. The geochemistry for these samples is the same results to mid-mountain's samples in Jeju Island.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.6
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• pp.47-54
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• 2005

The elements of the pigments used on the wall painting in Ssangyeongchong (Tomb of Two Pillars) from Goguryeo in the Nampo area of Pyeongyang were analyzed to confirm their mineral compositions and features of the painting. Specifically, the non-destructive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) was used. On the other hand, the mineral composition of the background and pigment layers were analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results of these analyses suggested that the lips of the characters in the painting were painted with HgS, and their faces, painted with HgS(Cinnabar/ vermilion) mixed with CaCO₃. Note that lead white pigment [2PbCO₃·Pb(OH)₂] was found only on the bottom layer of the painting, indicating that the wall painting was likely to have been created using the Secco method.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.113-117
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• 2011

The purpose of this work is the comparative study for grinding of two cement clinkers. X-ray fluorescence, physical and granulometric tests and optical microscopy were used to characterize the clinkers. Also grinding tests were carried out for ten samples to determine the parameters influencing grindability of its clinkers. The results of calculation of the energies of grinding according to the law developed by Von Rittinger and the study of the microstructure of the two clinkers shows good agreements. Indeed, frequent clusters of belite which indicate a lack of uniformity and fineness have an effect on lowering the grindability. The obtained analyses and the results enabled us to interpret the granulometry and the microstructure of clinker to control quality and resistance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.75-80
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• 1999

In this study, clay sampled from Yangsan$.$Mulkum site were used to analyze mineral properties. Mineral and chemical properties of clay were investigated through X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF), X-Ray Diffraction(XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) analysis. The result of this test represents that Yangsan$.$Mulkum clay are composed of quartz, albite, anorthite, orthocalse and illite.