• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2001

The survey on the practice of the memorial ceremonial food in Chuncheon area showed it varied according to social position of officiator, location(inland or seaside town) , and personal condition. The study included the foods prepared for the memorial services on the memorial day. New Year's Day and Chusok. 1. 40.4% of the subjects were in the thirties at their age, 46.6% were high school graduates, 57.3% were the first daughter-in-law, 40.4% had no religion, 30.9% were working at public administration and earned less than 1 to 1,5 million won monthly. 2. 71.7% of the subjects who replied that the ancestor worship service had to be kept were Buddhists. 55.4% of them were high school graduates, and 58.8% of them ran independent businesses. They learned how to practice the ancestor worship service from their mother before marriage or from their parents-in-law after marriage. 3. The older the officiators, the better they wanted to keep the traditional format of the service, but the Christians and Catholics wanted to change the format to western style in the future. 4. 92.7% of them served cooked milled rice. They prepared the soup in the order of beef soup, radish soup and dried Alaskan pollack soup. 5. Among cooked vegetable dishes, bracken was used the most and balloonflower root, mung bean sprout and spinach followed. Among jeon(pan-fried foods). frozen Alaskan pollack was used the most and buckwheat, mung bean and meatball followed. 6. They served san-juk(beef kebab) mostly on the ceremony. Among the grilled foods, tofu was the favorite, and croaker followed. 7. Among the fried foods. squid was the favorite, and sweet-potato and shrimp followed. Among the dried foods. they used in the order of dried Alaskan pollack, dried beef and squid. 8. Among the rice cake and traditional confectionery, they used in the order of Yak-sik(sweet rice cake), Gang-jeong(fried glutinous rice cookie), Jeol-pyun and In-jeol-mee. Among a beverage, they served Sik-hye(fermented rice drink) mostly. 9. Among fruits, apples. jujube, chestnut and dried persimmon were served. Aong a liquor, Cheongju was served mostly. 10. Soy sauce, salt and salted fermented fish were served, too.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2003

The main buildings of the important Buddhist temples - the pagoda, the Buddhist sanctum, the lecture hall - was surrounded by the cloister until Koryo Dynasty. And the Buddhist sanctum was located the center. It meant that the Buddhist sanctum was important building. It is very important thing that we understand the usage of the interior space because the architectural space consists of the unified space by the organic function of the interior space and the exterior space. But there is not so much the study on the interior space of the Buddhist sanctum. So, the purpose of this study is to understand of the interior space of the Buddhist sanctum in Ancient and Medieval Times. Till now, it was impossible that the Buddhist monk or the General public entered the Buddhist sanctum in Ancient and Medieval Times because they regarded the Buddhist sanctum as the place of sacrosanctity and the floor was finished by bricks. But, we saw that they could enter the Buddhist sanctum. Of course the floor of the Buddhist sanctum was finished by bricks, but they spread mats on the floor, took off his shoes in the interior space and used the furniture for sitting on. The plan of the Buddhist sanctum was designed by the process of the ceremony and the way of the enshrinement of the Buddhist statues because it is the place to enshrine the Buddhist statues. They performed the ceremony like as pray, worship, offer food to Buddha, HaengDo - an act to turn round an object of worship - and so on in the interior space of the Buddhist sanctum.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.685-696
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• 2017

성당의 공간이미지를 조성함에 있어, 시각을 통해 심성을 변화시키는 가장 중요한 요인은 빛이라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 공간의 깊이는 빛에 의한 음영에 의해 만들어진다. 미사와 같은 종교적 행사가 행해지는 장소에 있어서 음영에 의한 깊이의 변화와 위계설정은 집중도와 신비로움 또는 성스러움의 분위기를 확보하는 데에 중요한 계획조건이 된다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 빛이 가진 종교적 의미와 인간 감성에 미치는 영향은 매우 크다고 할 수 있으며, 이에 본 연구에서는 성당의 예배공간 조명계획에 대한 요소 중 '조도'를 그 중요요소로 보았다. 조도는 시각적 환경조성에서 미묘한 공간구성상의 차이를 통해 대상과 공간의 형태, 명료함을 부여함으로써 표현된다. 조명을 통해 공간분위기를 적정한 수준에서 관리하게 되고, 공간의 존재를 확인함에 조도의 역할은 필수적이라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이에 따라, 관련 기준을 종합 분석하여 조도의 기준과 범위를 설정하고, 현대적인 디자인 적용이 시작되었다고 할 수 있는 80년대 이후 서울 강남지역에 건립된 성당들을 대상으로 조도와 관련된 요소들을 분석하고 각 성당의 전례공간과 회중석의 조도를 측정하여 이를 비교분석함으로써 적정수준의 적용여부를 검토확인하고 이를 추후 계획지침으로 활용하도록 제안하고자 하였다.

• 복식
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.114-131
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• 2006

An Asian Ethnic Look is based on its own values of traditional costumes and the fashion accessories that are influenced by its own genre within their own culture. In this thesis, it contemplates the study of visual values and the traditional influences of the Modern Western Designers and Asian Designers' definitions and the considerations of an Ethnic look in the countries like Middle East, India, Korea, China and Japan. The standard procedure to understand their Visual and Aesthetic values is acknowledgement of body. From that foundation, an Asian Ethnic Look and its Visual and Aesthetic Values were researched through out the Middle East Asian Look, Indian Look, Korean Look, Chinese Look and Japanese Look which effective after 1990's. The studies are further researched to the comparisons and interpretations of the Western Designers and the Asian Designers, and the definitions of an Asian Ethnic Look and its Visual and Aesthetic Values in between those. According to each country's religious attitudes, a beauty of concealment and a beauty of negative space appeal which emphasize an ethics on humanity and non-materialistic attitudes. It takes meanings of a phenomenon of nature's worship, Yin-Yang five elements of principles, oneness of body-mind and oneness of universe-mankind. Following the studies of Visual and Aesthetic Values of an Asian Ethnic Look, in 1990's Western Designers' interpretations were prominent use of the Asian Traditional Motif3. However, the interpretations of the Asian Designers were based on their own traditional ethics and they minimized decorative elements but enhanced naturalism, feminism, calm and sober designs compare to the past. The Asian Designers' interpretations of their visual values were based on their Asian mentality, beauty and its straightforward genuine perspective and respects of their own culture.

• 한국조경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조경학회 2007년도 Journal of Landscape Architecture in Asia Vol.3
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• pp.118-126
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• 2007

Seoul has been the former capital from Joseon founded in 1932 by this time for 600 years. Seoul populated by some 10,290,000 people is the largest city in Korea. There are lots of cultural inheritance such as the castle town and 5 palaces including Gyeongbokgung in Seoul. Especially neungs(royal tombs) from 27 generations of king and queen in the Joseon dynasty during 518 years are very important cultural inheritance. The royal tombs were built from the castle town to the radius outside 4km within 40km pivoting on Seoul. Joseon royal tombs might have significant cultural value, which are representative Korean people's spirits for ancestor worship. After the 1945 Liberation of Korea those are having been managed by Office of Cultural Properties after Ministry of Education. This paper tried to find the changing process of the conservation and maintenance, the location of royal tomb area, the changing process of royal tomb, the area changing clue of modernization process, and in the historical city, Seoul. The royal tombs in the Joseon dynasty of the radius outside 4km within 40km pivoting on Seoul have been contributed to providing the metropolitan, Seoul population with the cultural and green spaces for 600 years. In the Joseon dynasty the royal tombs had been taken charge of thoroughly by the Royal Household with Neungchamboing system from Confucian background for ancestor worship. There after they had been damaged somewhat by the Japanese Imperialism period, the Korean War, and the pressure of urbanization. But the original state has been preserved well by state management. The royal tombs in the Joseon dynasty has been kept the culture of royal tomb's and memorial services with stone sculptures for 518 years. Also there are lots of documentary records of royal tombs. The memorial services of the tombs are held by Jongyakwon of Jeonju Lee family every year. The royal tombs somewhat damaged are needed to the original state of the transferred right of managing agency by the related national bodies.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제63권
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• pp.39-64
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• 2020

코로나19가 전세계를 휩쓸고 있고, 이로 인해 정치, 경제, 문화 등 모든 면에서 위기를 겪고 있다. 코로나19의 시작과 확산, 주춤과 재확산 등을 경험하면서 국민들은 불안감과 우울감 속에 힘들게 살고 있다. 코로나19 위기를 말미암아 한국교회는 현장예배를 드리기가 힘들어 온라인예배가 시작되었고, 현장예배가 시작된 교회도 온라인예배를 병행하고 있다. 교회학교의 경우에는 교제와 교육의 기능이 마비되었고, 대부분 온라인예배에 비중을 두며 주일예배만 어렵게 드리고 있는 형편이다. 코로나19 이전의 모습으로 돌아가기를 간절히 원하지만, 코로노19가 전 세계 이슈, 팬데믹 상황이 되었기에 쉽지 않아 보인다. 이러한 가운데 상황이 나아지기만을 가만히 기다릴 수 없다. 2020년 3월에는 4월이 되면 나아지겠지, 4월에는 5월이 되면 나아지겠지, 5월에는 6월이 되면 나아지겠지, 6월에는 7월이 되면 나아지겠지 라는 막연한 기대를 가지고 지금까지 지나왔다. 그러는 사이 교회는 교회 본연의 사역을 제대로 감당하지 못했고, 교육의 사명을 온전히 감당하지 못했다. 많은 교회의 대처는 2020년 상반기에 계획해 놓은 사역을 하반기에 연기한 것 정도이다. 이제 코로나19 상황이 나아지는 것을 기대하고, 상황이 나아지면 그 이전에 계획하고 준비한 것을 하려는 시도에서 벗어나서, 새로운 방향을 설정하고 새로운 방향으로 나아가기 위해서 구체적으로 준비해야 한다. 이러한 관점을 가지고 본 논문은 코로나19 시기 이후의 기독교교육 방향에 대해 연구하였다. 구체적으로 코로나19 시기 이후의 기독교교육 방향의 이론적 기반을 아가페적 만남의 이론, 카테키시스 이론, 디아코니아 이론에서 찾았고 이 이론에 따라 구체적인 방향을 제시했다. 구체적으로 아가페적 만남의 이론에 근거해서 자연환경과의 만남을 강조하는 기독교교육, 가족 구성원 간의 만남을 강조하는 기독교교육, 세계 시민 간의 만남을 강조하는 기독교교육, 온라인을 통한 만남을 중시하는 기독교교육을 제시했다. 그리고 카테키시스 이론에 근거해서 이단의 공격에 대응하는 기독교교육을 제시했고, 마지막으로 디아코니아 이론에 근거해서 사회를 위한 봉사와 섬김의 기독교교육과 데이터를 기반으로 한 섬김의 기독교교육을 제시했다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16호
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• pp.98-105
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• 1998

Today the worship of entertainment i.e television has created a situation of diminshing monumental environments with increasing leisure time. Let us examine retrospectively the characteristics of the Urban theater Architecture. Two aspects would stand out as Theater Architecture gets closer to the urban tradition or trends to make a part of a city come to life. One aspect is an introvert purity. The other is an extrovert organic structure on the edge of connecting urban scenary with anything hoping to find the renewable element which could be revived eternally in architecture.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to plan the social space for utilization in rural protestant church. Sindai church is the oldest and has rural characteristics in Chung-Ju. This model is used with the data which were obtained by the paster, believer, inhabitants. The results of this study are as follows ; The movable furnitures have merits of multi-use space in the rural protestant church. This could be possible the various functions for a flexible worship space.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.9-24
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• 1995

Near the Capital Seoul in 19th century, a special architectural form was created by the Buddhist monks who were related with Royal families. Their temples, so called 'won-dang', were constructed as supplicating places for their patrons' happiness and heavenly bliss. Among buildings of a Won-dang temple, 'Great Hall', which was accepted as a new building type, was the most important, the earliest constructed, and the biggest one. This boiling type contained the complex functions of small chaples, living rooms of monks, kitchen and dining, and pilotied pavillions. This Great Hall was located at the front of Won-dang temples, the main worship halls were at the behind. The type of Won-dang was needed for the high female who were its powerful patrons, and was oliginated from the small Buddhist temples in rural areas. And the type was able to be domiciled itself at the Capital areas because of the existing architectural fondness of the regional architects and the patrons in high class.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance level of family events, the events places where the events occur. The subjects of 169 households were selected in Jinju city and data were gathered through a questionnaire method. The data were analyzed by the SPSS package program. The major findings are as follows; 1) Most of the families perform the majority of events except lpchun (the first day of spring), the vernal Equinox Day, the Autumnal Equinox Day, the Vega festival Day, Chilsuk, and the Respect-for-the-Aged Day. 2) Birthday parties score to the highest of all family events. 3) In general, the Lunar New Year's Day, the Full Moon Harvest Day, the ancestor worship ceremony, the 15th of January (in lunar calendar), the feast of a hundred day-old baby among lifetime ceremonies, family members'birthdays, housewarming parties among the other general celebrations, and Parents Day among memorial days are held in their homes. 4) The socialized celebration of the following family events is increasing: the first birthday party, banquets for parents'60th birthday, Christmas, and wedding anniversaries.