• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 1999

In order to investigate the possibility of treating the different mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge by vermicomposting was performed and the stability of worm casts, and availability of worm casts as plant growth media was evaluated by the analysis of chemical composition. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The value of cast production at 100% apple pomace treatment was higher than those of other mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge. 2. The highest values of increasing rate and reproductive efficiency were obtained at mixture ratios of 60% apple pomace with 40% nightsoil sludge. 3. The value of increasing rate at 100% nightsoil sludge treatment was lower that those of other mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge. 4. Organic matter, available inorganic nutrients and stability of worm casts showed high values in all treatments. It means that worm casts are an excellent plant growth media source with a high chemical composition and their stability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Assurance Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.327-331
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• 2004

The new cyber world has created by Internet that is prosperous rapidly. But with the expansion of Internet the hacking and intrusion are also increased very much. Actually there were many incidents in Internet, but the damage was restricted within a local area and local system. However, the Great 1.25 Internet Disturbance has paralyzed the national wide Internet environment. It because the Slammer Worm. The worm is a malformed program that uses both of the hacking and computer virus techniques. It autonomously attacks the vulnerability of Windows system, duplicates and spreads by itself. Jus like the Slammer Worm, almost every worms attack the vulnerability of Windows systems that installed in personal PC. Therefore, the vulnerability in personal PC could destroy the whole Internet world. So, in this paper we propose a Internet Worm Expanding Prevention System that could be installed in personal PC to prevent from expanding the Internet Worm. And we will introduce the results of developed system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2011

ZnO 반도체가 넓은 에너지띠와 큰 엑시톤 결합에너지를 가지기 때문에 가진 투명 전극, 태양전지, 발광소자 및 메모리와 같은 다양한 전자 및 광전자 소자의 응용에 대한 많은 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 절연성 고분자인 폴리스티렌 박막에 분산되어 있는 ZnO 나노 입자를 기억 매체로 사용하는 write-once-read-many times (WORM) 메모리 소자를 제작하고 전기적 성질과 안정성에 대하여 관찰하였다. 화학적 방법으로 형성한 ZnO 나노입자와 폴리스티렌을 N,N-dimethylformamide 용매에 녹인 후 초음파 교반기를 사용하여 나노 복합 소재를 형성하였다. 하부 전극으로 indium-tin-oxide가 증착되어 있는 유리 기판 위에 나노 복합 소재를 스핀코팅 방법으로 도포한 후 열을 가해 잔류 용매를 제거하였다. ZnO 나노입자가 분산되어 있는 폴리스티렌 나노 복합 소재로 구성된 박막위에 상부 전극으로 Al을 열증착하여 메모리 소자를 제작하였다. 전류-전압 측정 결과에서 저전압에서는 전도도가 낮은 OFF 상태를 유지하다 약 1.5 V에서 전도도가 갑자기 증가하여 높은 전도도의 ON 상태로 전이되는 쌍안정성이 관찰되었다. 전류의 ON/OFF 비율은 약 103이며 ON 상태에서 OFF 상태로 전환되지 않는 전형적인 WORM 메모리 소자의 전류-전압 특성을 나타났다. 두 전극 사이에 폴리스티렌 박막으로만 제작된 소자를 제작하여 전류-전압 측정을 하였으나 메모리 특성이 나타나지 않았다. 그러므로 WORM 메모리 특성은 폴리스티렌 박막안의 ZnO 나노입자에 기인함을 알 수 있었다. 제작된 소자에 대해 기억 시간 측정 결과는 ON과 OFF 상태의 전류가 장시간에도 변화가 거의 없는 소자의 안정성을 보여주었다. 이 실험 결과는 ZnO 나노입자가 분산된 폴리스티렌 나노 복합 구조체를 사용하여 안정성을 가진 WORM 메모리 소자를 제작할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 1982

The fat bodies of cabbage worm (Pieris rapae) and silk worm (Bomyx mori) during metamorphosis was comparatively studied by electron microscope. 1. Cell oranelles: Golgi apparatus were not observed in both species. It is observed that RER of cabbage worms initiate to degenerate in prepupa stage with complete degeneration at adult stage, while that of silk worms shows similar degenerative pattern. However, mitochondria of cabbage worms are transformed into autophagic vacuole from prepupa stage until adult stage whereas those of silk worm shows a decrease in number in prepupa stage but maintains a certain level until adult stage. 2. Storage substance in cell: Lipid droplets in cabbage worms were observed to increase in numbers during larval stage but afterward decrease in number with an enlargement in size. However immediately after their pupal stage, they almost disappear. On the contrary lipid droplets in silk worms show rather increase in number until adult stage. Protein storage granules in bothspecies were arised from autophagic vacuoles(lysosome) . Fat cells of cabbage worm in adult stage turn out to be residual bodies which last until final stage, but those of silk worm rapidly decrease. Glycogen particles in both species reach maximum at last larval instar and thee gradually decrease thereafter. 3. Fat body sheath: The average width of fat body sheath was measured to be $0.2{\mu}m$ and $0.6{\mu}m$ and surface of fat cells adjacent to fat body sheath in silk worm is heavily infolded.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.73-86
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• 2007

Numerous types of models have been developed in recent years in response to the cyber threat posed by worms in order to analyze their propagation and predict their spread. Some of the most important ones involve mathematical modeling techniques such as Epidemic, AAWP (Analytical Active Worm Propagation Modeling) and LAAWP (Local AAWP). However, most models have several inherent limitations. For instance, they target worms that employ random scanning in the entire nv4 network and fail to consider the effects of countermeasures, making it difficult to analyze the extent of damage done by them and the effects of countermeasures in a specific network. This paper extends the equations and parameters of AAWP and LAAWP and suggests ALAAWP (Advanced LAAWP), a new worm simulation technique that rectifies the drawbacks of existing models.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.348-352
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• 2009

This report deals with the morphology of the horsehair worm isolated in canine vomitus. We received a worm in living status. The worm was investigated by using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for species determination. Grossly, the worm was blackish brown in color and 215 mm in length and 1.2 mm in maximum width. Microscopically, the worm was composed of epicuticle, cuticle, epidermis, muscle, mesenchyme, pseudocoel, nerve cord and gut. But the genital organ was not developed. The SEM study revealed that the cuticle contains five types of elevated structures called areoles. The cuticular surface of the parasite is covered by an abundant type of areoles: simple areole, tubercle areole, bulging areole, crowned areole, circumcluster areole. The observed characteristics of the specimen in this study are same to those of genus Chordodes. And we concluded that it is a male of Chordodes koreensis belong to Gordiida. Only nine species of freshwater Nematomorpha are known from Korea, two of which belong to the genus Chordodes. But the case of parasitic horsehair worm in dogs do not recorded, and this is a first gordiosis of dog in Korea.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 1991

Serodiagnosis of Clonorchis sinensis infections will probably be a first choice tool for screening of clonorchiasis in a future because of increasing difficulties in collection and examination of stools. The sensitive test such as ELISA can he used effectively. However there are some limitations in serological diagnosis for the detection of serum antibody. One of the major problems is the non-specificity of the antigens which produce cross reaction with other helminthic infection sera. To solve this problem. many investigators have tried to purify the antigens used. In this study, we determined the antigenic profile of the crude saline extract antigen of C. sinensis at early developmental stage based on SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting techniques for the purpose of understanding the nature of C. sinensis worm antigen The following results were obtained : 1) The SDS-PAGE showed many protein hands ranging from 10Kd to 91Kd relative molecular weight. Among them, 66, 46, 40, 33, 27, 24, 16, 14 and 10Kd bands were observed as a principle bands. The protein components of C. sinensis changed chronologically during their early developmental period. 44Kd band was stained unclearly in antigen of 2 weeks worm, but changed to concentrated state in antigen of 5 weeks worm. 35Kd band was found in antigen of 2 weeks worm, however this band was disappeared in antigen of 5 weeks worm. 22Kd band also lost its staining property gradually. 2) In spite of differences in antigenic profile, there was no differences in the data obtained by microplate ELISA using each antigen preparation. Absorbance value began to rise in between 2 to 3 weeks after infection. 3) By EITB. serum antibody recognized major protein bands with molecular weight of 91, 85, 63, 46, 40, 33, 24, 14 and 10Kd hand respectively. Among them 66, 33, 17 and 14Kd bands were observed as non-specific band because they reacted even in normal control sera. Generally, gradual increase of positive reactions were observed as the infection period of C. sinensis was prolonged. In other hand, the reaction of 10Kd hand did not occurred when 26th week sera was tested. 4) The positive reactions using antigens of 2 weeks worm, especially on 40 and 24Kd bands, were most strong and sharply demarcated compared to those of 3~5 weeks worm antigen.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2002

The worm of Thelazia callipaeda Railliet et Henry, 1910 (The oriental eye worm) was frequently observed in the eyes of animal and human in Korea. But it did not clearly describe about the ultrastructural character on the sensory papillae and cuticular striation of the worm. This study was performed to investigate the ultrastructure and character on the cuticular surface of the worm that was extracted from the eyes of two patients in Korea University Medical Center, using the scanning electron microscopy. According to the mouth, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and tail portion of the worm, the size of cuticular striation on each portion was measured. The size of cuticular striation on the worm surface was $1.8{\mu}m$ in the mouth and tail portion, $4.0{\sim}4.5{\mu}m$ in the middle portion of the worm. On the scanning electron microscopy, the female worms were developed phasmids in the tail end and male worms were developed sensory papillae and external sexual organ on the tail end. The sensory papillae on the tail end were composed anterior ventral postcloacal papillae, middle ventral postcloacal papillae, subventral postcloacal papillae, and lateral papillae. According to the result in this study, it is considered that the character of the cuticular striation and the sensory papillae were able to accept as classifying key for the identification of species.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.521-528
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• 2008

This study was performed to evaluate the quality change of pork patties containing silkworm powder and vegetable worm (Paecilomycis japonica) stored for 9 days at $5^{\circ}C$. pH values were higher in treatment groups than that in controls by storage day 6. L (lightness) and a (redness) value were decreased with increasing addition of silkworm powder and vegetable worm powder in pork patties (p<0.05). However, b value (yellowness) was increased with increasing addition amounts of the silkworm powder and the vegetable worm powder (p<0.05). Water holding capacity (WHC) of pork patties was not affected by the silkworm powder and the vegetable worm powder, while pork patties containing 0.4% silkworm powder (T2) showed low cooking loss (p<0.05). Pork patties containing either silkworm powder and vegetable worm alone or a combination of them showed lower lipid oxidation value than that of control (p<0.05). Sensory preference of pork patties was decreased with increased of storage days. The overall acceptance was higher in treatment groups than at control groups at the initial day (p<0.05), yet no significant difference was found during storage. From these results, 0.4% silkworm powder decreased not only cooking loss but also lipid oxidation of pork patties. Also, no adverse effect was found in water holding capacity (WHC) and sensory preference of pork patties. Therefore, the silkworm powder and the vegetable worm powder could be useful to pork meat product industry as additives.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.241-246
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• 1985

The epidemiological status of ascariasis was analyzed in 8 rural villages in Korea, through observation of its epidemiological parameters such as prevalence, worm burden and basic reproductive rate. Total 978 inhabitants were subjected to stool examination and recovery of worms after chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate. The results were as follows: 1. The worm positive rate in each village was 16.5~79.5%, while the egg positive rate was 9~18% lower, 3.3~66.7%. The average worm burden (among all inhabitants) ranged from O. 21 to 8. 44 by villages and the frequency of cases with each worm burden showed negative binomial distributions with 'k' values of O. 38-0. 54. 2. The prevalence rates (worm) in each village was almost identical with the theoretical ones from Anderson and May's equation; $p=1-(1+M^*/k)^{-k}$, where 'p' is worm prevalence and '$M^*$' equilibrium average worm burden. The basic reproductive rate 'R' was calculated from 1.03 to 2.11. lt is suggested that, although 'R' in lower endemic areas is approaching to the breakpoint of reinfection (R=1), control programs of ascariasis in Korea should be continued until it becomes below the level nationwidely.