• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.533-542
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• 2017

This study aimed to develop a measure of professional identity for Korean dental hygienists and to analyze the factors and characteristics of professional identity of these dental hygienists. In this study, 890 dental hygienists completed a self-administered survey. The final analysis was conducted with a total of 880 responses, excluding 10 questionnaires with unreliable responses and partial responses. A systematic literature review was conducted to establish the definition of professional identity, while content validity, exploratory factor, confirmatory factor, and reliability analysis were conducted to establish the constructive factors. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to identify the level of each factor. Authors conceptualized the professional identity for Korean dental hygienists and item generation, item reduction, and questionnaire formatting. The developed measure of professional identity for dental hygienists consisted of five factors, with 15 items. "Sense of calling," "need for academic capacity building," "performance of delegated authority," "compliance of code of ethics," and "usage of professional organizations" were the constituent factors. Based on these factors, the level of professional identity was the highest in the "performance of delegated authority" and lowest in the "usage of professional organizations." These finding indicated that dental hygienists with higher education levels have higher professional identity levels. The dental hygienists working at the general/university hospital had the highest level of professional identity. Thus, further research is needed to establish a model that consists of factors affecting and influencing the professional identity of dental hygienists.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.313-328
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• 2006

This study was objectively performed to identify dietitians' job in the elderly health-care facilities, to assess facilities and dietitian's demographic characteristics, and to determine performance and importance of dietitian's job including the demand of therapeutic diet development. Survey was conducted by mail and samples were the dietitians working in 376 facilities which capacity is over 50 members from nationwide 583 the elderly health-care facilities. Returned questionnaire was 102 and used for statistic analysis. The distributions of the elderly health-care facilities showed 39 the elderly nursing facilities(38.2%), 32 skilled nursing facilities (32.4%), 13 geriatrics hospital facilities(12.7%) and 9 the elderly cost nursing facilities(8.8%). 60.0 percent of the samples showed its menu price as 1,000 to 1,500 won. A cycle-menu program was in-use at the 79.0% facilities, but only 7.1% facilities have been introduced a selected menu system. 92.9% facilities employed only one dietitian. In the demographic characteristics of dietitian only 14.7% dietitian had a clinical dietitian license and 51.5% of respondents answered at least 1 to 3 months internship program is needed. Job activities of the dietitian in the elderly health-care foodservice were identified as 45 activities with 9 dimensions. Job performance score evaluated dietitian oneself was 4.71 of 7 points. The average importance score that the dietitian evaluated their own job was 5.66 points of 7. The job activities shown higher importance but lower performance were therapeutic diet development for in-patients, menu development suitable for taste of the elderly, and leadership. Job performance score by characteristics of dietitian and their elderly health-care facilities was significantly associated with experience of dietitian in elderly health-care (F=4.480, p<0.05), education of dietitian(F=2.659, p<0.01), number of dietitian(F=2.245, p<0.05), and number of employee in foodservice(F=2.607, p<0.05). Most common diseases of the aged was proved as hypertension(81.7%), diabetes mellitus(71.4%), and dementia(65.0%). The therapeutic diets frequently provided were diabetes mellitus diet, dysphagia diet, low sodium diet, high fiber diet, and high protein diet, in order. For those reasons, dietitian in the elderly health care emphasized that the information about therapeutic diet development such as diabetes mellitus diet, dysphagia diet, low sodium diet and hypertension diet must be continuously developed and provided. The result from this study can be applicable to enlarge and enrich job activities of dietitian in elderly health-care foodservice.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.53-79
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• 2013

Social enterprises can be identified roughly as social purpose-oriented business ventures. They often fill the gaps left by governmental and commercial ventures in providing for certain vulnerable sectors of society. Though social enterprises often adopt market mechanisms in their organizational structures, their emphasis on particular social outcomes means that they intentionally pursue double/triple-bottom lines, thus distinguishing them from many traditional for-profit businesses. Among the Korean laborers, women have been hardest hit by the global economic crisis. As the movements have substantially been taken to strengthen women's economic activities in the recent years, many policies are formulated with these trends, connecting women's employment with social enterprises. This study focused on analyzing social enterprises to be friendly and to provide decent work to women. Data were collected from 491 social enterprises and 830 workers. The main results are as follows. First, the women's employment in social enterprises has accounted for a relatively high rate and the women's wage also is similar to men's one. Second, as for work conditions and types, most women have preferred irregular and non-managerial work. Thus, social enterprises have showed a positive response for the women's job opportunities, while social enterprises have had a negative one for enhancing the women's status at the labor market. In conclusion, social enterprises should institutionalize how to provide more stable working condition to women and to improve their's capacity.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.183-205
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• 2000

This research was designed to compare the health condition and the quality of life of the elderly inpatients with those of the normal elderly people. The subjects of study were 482 elderly inpatients and 304 normal elderly people. The research was conducted in July and August using the instrument WHOQOL. The results of the research are as follows: For the level of health, it was recognized that male was healthier than female, having higher the education, living in the city rather than in the rural, keeping the normal life than being in the hospital. There were little difference in the past medical histories of the elderly inpatients and the normal elderly people. As to the diseases currently under the treatment, there were some difference between the elderly inpatients and the normal elderly people but the tendency was similar in the kinds and the frequencies. As to the recognition for the quality of life between the elderly inpatients and the normal elderly people based on the records reflected on each of the domains of WHOQOL, the normal elderly people more positively recognized in the overall quality of life and the following domains: physical, psychological, level of independence, and spirituality/religion/personal beliefs. The normal elderly people more positively recognized especially in the level of independence domain (mobility, activities of daily living, dependence on medication or treatments, working capacity). In the social relationships domain only the sexual activity was significant and the normal elderly people more positively recognized. The elderly inpatients showed the correlation of over 0.5 in the overall quality of life and the following domains: environment, social relationships, physical, psychological, level of independence. It was over 0.6 in the physical domain and the domains of psychological and level of independence. and the psychological domains of level of independence and social relationships. For the points of overall quality of life, it had no correlation with hospitalization but the health condition, residential district, occupation, and taste exerted a significant effect. As a result of separate analyses of the elderly inpatients and the normal elderly people, the health condition and the age only were the common variable which would exercise a significant effect. Besides, the primary factors which would exercise the quality of life were the occupation and taste for the elderly inpatients, and the residential district and source of income for the normal elderly people. In conclusion, it is first and foremost important to improve the standard of health for the overall quality of life for the elderly people, regardless of hospitalization. Therefore, a plan must be urgently drawn up for revitalization of the health promoting projects for the elderly people and the public health projects for the elderly people, and the investment must be increased for settlement of health problems of the elderly people.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.398-405
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• 2014

In the treatment of spent high energetic materials, the issues such as environmental pollution, safety as well as working capacity should be carefully considered and well examined. In this regard, incineration has been recommended as one of the most promising processes for the disposal of such explosives. Due to the fact that high energetic materials encompass various types and their different characteristics, the technology development dealing with various materials is not an easy task. In this study, rigorous modeling and dynamic simulation was carried out to predict dynamic physico-chemical phenomena for research department explosive (RDX). Plug flow reactor was employed to describe the incinerator with 263 elementary reactions and 43 chemical species. Simulation results showed that safe operations can be achieved mainly by controlling the reactor temperature. At 1,200 K, only thermal decomposition (combustion) occurred, whereas increasing temperature to 1,300 K, caused the reaction rates to increase drastically, which led to ignition. The temperature further increased to 3,000 K which was the maximum temperature recorded for the entire process. Case studies for different operating temperatures were also executed and it was concluded that the modeling approach and simulation results will serve as a basis for the effective design and operation of RDX incinerator.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.221-229
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• 2002

For the efficient design of baffled Powdered activated carbon(PAC) contractor, which has been widely used in water treatment plant(WTP) against the algae-related odor problems, a CFD(computational fluid dynamics) program was applied. In order to verify the performance of FLOW-3D program, the previously reported results of tracer tests from a pilot-scale PAC contractor(working volume of 288 liters) were compared to those from FLOW 3D. The results of FLOW-3D simulation were very similar to those from tracer tests conducted with the Pilot-scale PAC contactor. On the other hand, the hydrodynamic characteristics of baffled contractor in the P-WTP were simulated by using FLOW-3D. Simulation results on the distribution of PAC particles showed that there are some stagnant parts in the back side of baffles in which PAC Particles are not present. These stagnant parts might decrease the adsorption capacity of PAC particles. When the baffles were changed to maze-type intra-basin baffling, PAC particles were evenly distributed and the amount of stagnant parts reduced. In conclusion, it is anticipated that FLOW-3D simulation could be a viab1e tool for analyzing the hydrodynamic characteristics of structures used in drinking water treatment plant.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

The modern society has been drastically changed from the industrial economic society to the knowledge based society, to catch up with the knowledge and the change of technology required for the modern people, the people can not live in the modern society without the continued study or education. In case of architectural design firm, it is concentrating on the productivity of enterprise by cultivating the working level through the self education focused on the improvement of inner capacity. In connection with this, the efficiency of enterprises are analyzed by carrying out the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) utilizing the financial ratio index in the various field of industries recently, the analysis study for the efficiency utilizing DEA is increased in the construction industries as well. However, in case of construction industries, the study focused on the efficiency of administration only has been progressed, it is the real situation that the approach for the analysis of education efficiency of each enterprise is very insufficient. Therefore, this study analyzed the education efficiency of architectural design firm after the selection of input and output variables by utilizing the DEA model and utilizing the AHP analysis technique by deducting the variables through the preceding study in relation to the education efficiency and the interview with the specialists.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 2017

The shipbuilding industry uses large stationary tanks to store low-pressure air, which is used to open and close large shut-off valves. However, when supplying air from the tank to a distant valve, there are problems related to the need for supplementary pipes and the pressure drop during transportation. In this study, a portable welded vessel for storing high-pressure nitrogen (11 kg, 10 L, and 50 bar) was designed to prevent air leakage and improve the convenience of workers. This pressure vessel was elliptical to reduce the number of welded parts, which are structurally weak. The thickness and ratio of the major and minor axes of the pressure vessel were calculated to verify its structure stability at the working pressure (50 bar), and that the proposed weight and capacity were satisfactory. The residual stress caused by the welding process was calculated by performing a transient thermal-structural coupled field analysis using the ANSYS parametric design language (APDL), and the fatigue life of the vessel was verified based on the Goodman criterion.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 2016

The existence of high temperature equipment such as steam pipe, deaerator, steam storage tanks and main steam stop valves makes relatively higher workplace temperature in a power plant of the turbine building. In order to cool down the air temperature in the turbine building, the outside air flow with lower temperature passes through the window and the hotter air in the building is extracted to the outside by installing the ventilation fan on the roof. Nevertheless, higher temperature regions near the high temperature equipment still exist in the turbine building and additional fans for the temperature reduction in the higher temperature region should be examined for the optimal location and mass flow rate. The purpose of the present study is to suggest the optimized location and capacity of the additional ventilation fans for a comfortable working environment. From the present study, it has been elucidated that the additional ventilation fans might be located near the high temperature deaerator and it could reduce the mean temperature in the turbine building by $3.0^{\circ}C$ and the temperature near the deaerator could be reduced by $4.2^{\circ}C$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.214-219
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• 1986

This study was conducted to provide basic information to breeders and agronomists working with sesame. Grain filling rate were investigated for eight plant types classified by branching habit, capsules per axil, carpels and loculi of a capsule. Two typical cultivars were chosen for plant type among 527 gene pools. Grain filling rate didn't increase with little difference between lower and middle part capsules, Jut significantly decreased in upper part. Grain filling rate of lower part, main stem and center capsules appeared higher than that of upper part, branch and side capsule for grain filling. Mono-capsule setting and unbranched plant type were higher for grain filling than tricapsule setting and branched type due to inactive ripenness on branched capsule. NMB type showed that best maturity and relatively good grain filling in BTB type despite it's largest sink capacity. NTQ and BTQ type appeared poor ripenness because of immaturity of higher part side capsules; however it was believed that there were still possibilities for improving ripenness in 3 capsule and 4 carpels 8 loculi type by the good maturity of 1 capsule and 4 carpels 8 loculi type.