• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.15
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• pp.91-108
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• 2004

In this article, We propose research propositions about correlates of job interest, job difficulty, job effort, and job performance as well as job performance and emotions while working. The purpose of this study is to review existing research on emotions and job performance, particularly emotions at work. The purpose of this article is to review existing research on job performance and emotions, particularly at the job relevant cognitions level. In this study, We propose research propositions about correlates of job performance and emotions while working. The purpose of this article is to develop and propose research propositions about potential correlates of perceived performance at the job relevant level. Correlates include those that should function mainly as antecedents of performance, such as job difficulty, job interest, and job effort in the study are emotions experienced concurrently with job performance. Therefore, We suggest the predictive direction and bivariate relationship of the set of among variables in explaining job performance and emotions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship and the importance of relevant variables among structure, process, and outcome dimensions of nursing department in hospitals. The subject for this study was the registered nurses(N=400) working in medical, intensive care, and surgical units at 5 general hospitals with more than 500beds in Chungnam and Chungbuk. The research design was cross-sectional correlation among the variables based on their self description. The survey instrument was based on eleven structured questionnaires. The data were collected from April 26 to May 26, 1999. The SPSS/PC+ program and LISREL 8.12a program were used to analyze the data. Based on the data collected, the following results were obtained. The relationship among structural, procedural, and outcome dimensions 1. Structural dimension had a relationship with procedural dimension relating to decision-making of caregiving and working conditions, in particular, participation of the problem identification. 2. The extent of participation in decision-making had a relationship with organizational commitment and group effectiveness through the selection process among the total decision-making processes. 3. The structural dimension had a large direct effect rather than indirect effect through decision making processes on organizational commitment and group effectiveness. The relationship of structure, process, outcome dimensions was partially supported by this study. The information obtained from surveys in the field form the basis for the following recommendations for improving organizational effectiveness with in the nursing department in an hospitals. 1) Establishment of decentralized structure, environment, and culture in organizational settings would be desirable so that their members may actively participate in decision-making process. 2) Continuous education and training of nurses with theoretical Knowledge and skill of decision making, practical knowledge, and upright role perception should be highly emphasized for persons in nursing schools and in on-the-job training.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-54
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• 2000

This study was aimed for effective nursing performance of the nurse to be able dedicate to the development of professional nursing work by understanding correlation between the leadership style of head nurse and the nursing performance of the nurse. The materials have been collected through structured questionnaires for 18 days from Feb. 2, 1999 to Feb. 20 from 234 nurses presently working at 4 hospitals Circumstances aptitude theory of Fleishman (1973) were used as the device of measuring leadership style, and staff nurses nursing performance were done by head nurses utilizing questionnaire adopted from Park. Data was analyzed by frequency, mean, ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficiency by using SPSS program. The results are as follows ; 1. Head nurse leadership was classified in the following manner : duty and human relationships oriented style of head nurse leadership(3.76), human relationship oriented style(3.30), duty leadership oriented style(3.12), and non-interference leadership style(2.77). Duty and human relationships showed highest score in this category. 2. The mean of nursing performance was 3.66, dependent nursing duty was 3.88, interpersonal relationship 3.78, and independent nursing was 3.34. 3. An education course of nursing performance by general characteristics was statistically significant. Job satisfaction, for seen working periods, and motivation for choosing a nursing job of nursing job characteristics was statistically siginficant. 4. As the degree of independence nursing performance increases, the degree and of dependance and interpersonal relationship of nursing performance increases. 5. The relationship between nurse leadership style and nursing performance were statistically different. The degree of duty and human relationship style of the head nurse were highest in dependent and independent nursing performance. Therefore, it is desirable that the head nurse should demonstrate the leadership style high in the duty and human relationships for effective nursing performance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.556-565
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• 2014

Objectives: This study is aimed at inquiring into the grasp of real condition of working environment and improvements by calculating the hypertension distribution consequent on job stress risk and exposure level of alleviating factors. In addition, this study is intending to estimate the hypertension distribution through socio-demographic factors and level of stressors occurring at working environment, such as high workload, low control, low support, job insecurity, long working hours, low income. Methods: This study estimated the hypertension distribution using the tertiary Korean Working Conditions Survey data, and conducted comparative analysis according to the category of individual questionnaire items using odds ratio. Result: As a result of study, it was found that in the event that working environment satisfaction is low and business & an immediate superior's attitudes are negative, the hypertension distribution was high. Particularly, it was found that physical risk factor musculoskeletal risk factor, and mental risk factor in a workplace were all increasing the hypertension distribution. Conclusions: With the aged workers' labor market participation ratio increasing, hypertension could be a major issue in the field of Occupational Safety and Health. Thus, it's necessary that the relevant employer should lower the hypertension distribution through creation of pleasant working environment and inducement of workers to improve in the relations with their superiors. As for the uppermost limit of this study, there is a limit to clarifying the mechanism of hypertension through multivariate statistics analysis because it's difficult to establish causal relationship by individual questionnaire item as the working conditions survey is made by cross-sectional study. In the follow-up research, this study is going to do research on the mechanism of hypertension through questionnaire supplementation and in-depth analysis.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.671-692
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• 2006

In recent years, it seems that a considerable stratum of working poor as a new urban poverty among labor population within large cities has been generated, deepening socio-spatial conflicts. This paper is to bring focus on the working poor which can be seen as a newly emerged special problem intermingling labor and poverty. It first begins with a consideration of definitions on the working poor, then discusses on the internal relationship between labor and poverty problems by analyzing causes of the generation of the working poor and looking into actual conditions of working poor from both static and dynamic perspectives, and finally considers existing policies for supporting the working poor, suggesting some alternative policy tasks for resolving the problem of the working poor.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.88-98
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• 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between organizational socialization and intention to leave, and to identify factors affecting on intention to leave in operating room nurses. Methods: This study used a descriptive design. Seventy operating room nurses recruited from three hospitals under the same management style, in-service educational system, and working conditions agreed to participate in this study, and completed self-administered questionnaires of the organizational socialization and the intention to leave questionnaire. Respondents were classified by career as advanced beginner, competent practitioner, proficient practitioner and expert practitioner by Benner's stages of nursing proficiency. Data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA with multiple comparisons, Spearman correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Nurses unsatisfied with the current in-service continuous education had lower organizational socialization and higher intention to leave. In advanced beginners, job performance was lowest and organizational commitment was highest. In expert practitioners, intention to leave was highest. Organizational commitment, interpersonal relationship, identity and burnout were associated with intention to leave. Mutual trust, burnout, and interpersonal relationship were predictors of intention to leave explained 20.8% of variance. Conclusion: The career ladder program to enhance nurses' organizational socialization and intention to stay should be established and expanded for well-experienced operating room nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.28-37
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• 1984

The purpose of this study is to propose the baseline data for developing the stress measurement tool for staff nurses working in the hospital. Two hundred and fifteen stan nurses in Seoul National University Hospital were participated during the period from Feb. 28 to Mar. 10, 1984. Though the pretest and literature review a questionnaire was constructed with 63 stressors which were experienced by the nurses in the hospital. Subjects were given instruction to rate 1∼6 likert type scale according to the level of stress experienced by each stressor described. Reliability of the tool was tested by Cronbach's Alpha, and the result was α=0.94871. Factor analysis was applied to organize 63 items together. As the result, 15 factors were obtained and these factors explained 66.3% of variance. The 15 factors were: 1) Work overload 2) Role conflict as a profession 3) Lack of professional knowledge and skill 4) Interpersonal problem 5) Conflict in nurse doctor relationship 6) Work conflict with doctors 7) Emotional burden due to the limitation of medicine 8) Poor treatment 9) Unsatisfactory relationship with supervisor 10) Low reward 11) Unsatisfactory relationship with subordinate 12) Poor physical environment of unit 13）Responsibility for extra affairs 14）Unfamiliar situation 15）Night duty.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to measure hospital nurses' perceived patient safety culture and their safety care activities, and to investigate the relationship between these two factors. Method: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The participants were 301 nurses working at 4 general hospitals, and data collection was done from June 22 to June 30, 2009 by self-administrated questionnaires. Results: With a possible score of 5 points, the average score for nurses' perceived patient safety culture was 3.34, and for their safety care activities, 4.25. There were perceived differences in patient safety culture and safety care activities according to age, position, length of work experience and number of patient safety education sessions attended. All sub-factors in patient safety culture had a positive relationship with safety care activities. Factors influencing nurses' safety care activities were number of patient safety education sessions attended, hospital environment, and supervisor/manager. These factors explained 58.2% of the variance. Conclusion: The findings indicate that patient safety education is very important to improve nurses' safety care activity. So nursing supervisors/ managers should develop strategies encourage patient safety education, and make nurses' working environment safer.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.49-59
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• 2007

This study was intended to investigate the influence of teacher empowerment on organizational? effectiveness, and the moderating effects of personal and organizational characteristics on the relationship of teacher empowerment and organizational effectiveness in early childhood educational institutes. The subjects in this study were 808 teachers who worked at kindergartens and childcare centers located in all parts of Korea. This study was surveyed with the questionnaires. The results are as follows. Firstly, teacher empowerment had a positive and meaningful influence on all components of organizational effectiveness, such as organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance. Secondly, as for the moderating effects of personal and organizational characteristics on the relationship of teacher empowerment and organizational effectiveness, teachers' educational background had moderating effects on job performance of organizational effectiveness, and married or unmarried status of teachers, teachers' experiences in other institutes, type of institute, and the number of teachers working in an institute had moderating effects on organizational commitment. Also, the number of teachers working in an institute had moderating effects on job satisfaction. However, teachers' period of service in their present institutes didn't have moderating effects between teacher empowerment and organizational effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.66-73
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• 2020

The change in labor consciousness began to draw social attention to work-life balance (WLB). The WLB is one of the major factors affecting the health and safety problems of workers. Although shiftwork adversely affects WLB, safety, and health problems of workers, WLB of shift workers has received little empirical attention. The purpose of this study was to examine whether WLB mediates the relationship between shiftwork and shift worker's safety and health problems, participation in leisure activities moderates WLB, and finally, whether WLB moderated by participation in leisure activities mediates the relationship between shift work and shift worker's safety and health problems. For the study, the data of the 5^th wave of Korean Working Condition Survey(KWCS) conducted by Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) of South Korea was used. Conditional process analysis revealed that the relationship between shift work and worker's safety and health problems is mediated by WLB; however, participation in leisure activity showed no moderation effect on WLB. Therefore, the moderated mediation effect has failed to achieve statistical significance. The results indicate that working environment improvement in consideration of the WLB is needed to gain shift worker's long-term safety and health. The implications of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.