• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.603-612
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• 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining recognition in the radiology domain as a greater number of radiologists are becoming AI-literate. However, the adoption and implementation of AI solutions in clinical settings have been slow, with points of contention. A group of AI users comprising mainly clinical radiologists across various Asian countries, including India, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Uzbekistan, formed the working group. This study aimed to draft position statements regarding the application and clinical deployment of AI in radiology. The primary aim is to raise awareness among the general public, promote professional interest and discussion, clarify ethical considerations when implementing AI technology, and engage the radiology profession in the ever-changing clinical practice. These position statements highlight pertinent issues that need to be addressed between care providers and care recipients. More importantly, this will help legalize the use of non-human instruments in clinical deployment without compromising ethical considerations, decision-making precision, and clinical professional standards. We base our study on four main principles of medical care-respect for patient autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.257-274
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• 2001

To properly prepare teeth, dentists require a direct view of the working area and are often placed in a difficult position, moreover, a high proportion of dentists suffer from headache and back pain. Dentists who make use of the dental mirror and position their patients carefully to gain a proper view report less headache, pain and discomfort in the shoulders. It is recommended that dentists learn the "Home Position(H.P.)" which among the various "Random Position(R.P.)" methods, enables dentists to approach their patients in a stable posture. The purpose of this study was to compare tooth preparation in the H.P. and the R.P., and evaluate the clinical efficacy of the H.P.. Tooth preparation for a full cast crown was performed on the maxillary left 1st molar using the H.P. and the R.P., and the shapes of the prepared tooth surfaces at the two different operating positions were compared. The amount of occlusal reduction, marginal width, height, and axial taper were measured and analyzed. A T-test was performed separately to compare the results of the H.P. and the R.P. with respect to the accuracy of the corresponding tooth reduction. The results were as follows. ; 1. The amount of occlusal reduction was excessive on the mesiobuccal cusp(P<0.05), and deficient on the lingual cusp in the H.P.(P<0.01). In the R.P., this was excessive on the buccal cusp and deficient on the fossa and distolingual cusp(P<0.01). 2. The amounts of marginal width were excessive in all areas except on the lingual and mesial surfaces in the H.P. and lingual surface in the R.P.(P<0.01). 3. The marginal heights were achieved more accurately in the R.P. than the H.P.(P<0.01). 4. Axial surface taper was excessive in all areas in the H.P.(P<0.01). But the axial taper of measured areas was even, and tooth is more like to retain its original axis after reduction. In the R.P., axial surface taper was excessive on the mesial and buccal area, and deficient on the distolingual area(P<0.01), and therefore, the axis of the prepared teeth was tipped in the distolingual direction. 5. The times needed for preparation were 12 minutes and 49 seconds in the H.P., and 11 minutes and 35 seconds in the R.P., and the R.P. was statistically faster(P<0.01). The tooth preparation in the H.P. achieved its goal, in that it enabled the operator to make even tooth reduction. In conclusion, the H.P. system offers an improved method that can be used in clinic after specific training.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1243-1255
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 업종에 따른 다양한 근로환경 요인들을 파악하고 관련 분야의 산업안전보건 정책을 판단할 수 있도록 근로환경조사 기초자료를 분석하여 사회요인을 고려한 지수 및 지표 개발을 목표로 하였다. 지표개발을 위해 OECD에서 제시하는 지표개발 가이드라인과 해외의 지표개발 사례들을 벤치마킹하여 수행되었다. OECD의 압력-상태-대응 모형을 벤치마킹하여 건강과 관련 있는 지표들을 제시하였다. 근로환경조사의 압력-상태 건강관련 지표는 압력은 물리적 위험환경, 노동시간, 업무환경, 사회 환경으로 구성되었고, 이에 따른 상태 항목은 건강관련 항목으로 정신건강, 신체건강, 건강문제로 인한 결근, 업무 만족으로 구성되었다. 그 결과 임금근로자, 상용근로자, 관리자, 사무종사자, 전문가 및 관련 종사자, 50세 미만 근로자의 압력-상태 지표가 상대적으로 양호하였다. 반대로, 50세 이상, 자영업자, 일용 직, 농림어업 숙련직, 단순노무, 장치 기계 조립 근로자의 압력-상태 지표가 상대적으로 취약한 것으로 나타났다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.531-538
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 일부 치과종사자들의 근무환경 및 건강습관에 따른 근골격계 증상 경험률과 근골격계 증상의 영향요인을 분석하기 위하여 2009년 3월 9일부터 3월 28일까지 충청도에 소재한 치과종사자 200명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문법을 실시하였으며, SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 연구대상자의 1년간 근골격계 증상 경험률을 신체부위별로 나누어 보면 어깨 60.5%, 하지(다리, 무릎, 발) 57.0%, 요부(등, 허리) 56.0%, 목 51.0%, 상지(팔, 손목, 손가락) 32.0%, 순으로 조사되었다. 2. 일반적 특성별 근골격계 증상 경험을 살펴보면 성별, 연령, 학력, 직위, 건강상태에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 근무환경에서는 근무경력, 일평균 진료환자수, 일평균 근무 시간수, 진료시 자세, 근무 만족도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 건강습관에서는 규칙적인 운동, 정기검진, 규칙적인 식습관에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이의 보였다. 3. 근골격계 증상에 미치는 영향요인을 분석한 결과 근무환경 특성에서는 근무만족, 건강습관 특성에서는 규칙적인 운동 요인이 근골격계 증상 경험에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1231-1234
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• 2003

A sensor working in outdoor may generate some faulty signal owing to dust and high temperature. This paper describes an intelligent sensor system and controller which has a reconstruction mechanism for faulty signal. The faulty signals are dievided into two types as linear distortion and non linear distortion, respectively. The linear distorted signal is due to dust, and non linear distorted signal is due to physical breakdown of sensor or high temperature. These distorted signal have been reconstructed by the proposed method based on polynomial regression method and principal component analysis approach.. The proposed method has been applied to sun tracking system working in outdoor. For a robust and precision control of sun tracker, a fuzzy controller was also proposed. The fuzzy controller controls the tracker by using the collected sensor signal. The tolerance of the position control is within 1.5 degree. To show the validity of the developed system, some experiments in the field were illustrated.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1052-1057
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• 2004

A small-scale loop heat pipe with polypropylene wick was fabricated and tested for its thermal performance. The container and tubing of the system was made of stainless steel and several working fluids were used to see the difference in performance including methanol, ethanol, acetone, R134a, and water. The heating area was 35 mm ${\times}$ 35 mm and there were nine axial grooves in the evaporator to provide a vapor passage. The pore size of the polypropylene wick inside the evaporator was varied from 0.5 m to 25 m. The size of condenser was 40 mm (W) ${\times}$ 50 mm (L) in which ten coolant paths were provided. The inner diameter of liquid and vapor transport lines were 2.0 mm and 4.0 mm, respectively and the length of which were 0.5 m. The PP wick LHP was operated with methanol, acetone, and ethanol normally. R134a was not compatible with PP wick and water was unsuitable within operating limit of $100^{\circ}C$. The minimum thermal load of 10 W (0.8 W/cm2) and maximum thermal load of 80 W (6.5 W/cm2) were achieved using methanol as working fluid with the condenser temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ with horizontal position.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2013

본 논문은 소형 선박의 비상재난 발생 시 외부 VHF 장비와 연동하여 재난 상황을 자동으로 속보하는 기능을 수행하는 소형 선박용 재난자동속보장치에 대한 내용이다. 재난자동속보장치는 소형 선박의 재난 발생을 방지 또는 신속 대응하기 위한 시스템인 소형 선박재난분석시스템의 일부 장치에 해당하는 것으로서 선박재난분석시스템으로부터 재난 인지 신호와 GPS 위치 정보를 입력 받는다. 비상 상황 발생 시 위치 정보를 구조 요청의 음성 신호로 변환하여 외부 VHF 장비를 통해 송출한다. VHF 장비와 재난자동속보장치가 물에 잠기기 전까지 계속적인 음성 구조 신호를 송출할 수 있도록 한다. 본 연구를 통해 소형선박에 발생할 수 있는 갑작스런 재난상황의 대응과 인명손실을 예방할 수 있으리라 기대한다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.104-114
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• 1995

Mathematical models of industrial robots or manipulators are composed of highly nonlinear equations with nonlinear couplings between the variables of motions. These nonlin- earities were not considered important in the first stage that the working speed of the manipulator was not so fast, but the effect of nonlinear forces has become serious, as the working speed has been increased. So more improvement of performance cannot be expected by the control of manipulator using approximate linearization. As an approach for solving these problems, there is a method that eliminates nonlinear theory, which makes possible cecoupling of coupling terms and arbitrary arranging of poles is briefly introduced in this study. When the theory is applied to design the control law, its feasibility is examined whether the reasonable control results are obtained by simulating position, velocity, torque and tracing trajectory. The relations between the coefficients of the linearized differential equations and the maximum error and torque for the prescribed trajectory are also examined. Finally, the method for selecting the values for getting the most rapid and precise response within maximum torque of each drive is suggested in the choice of coefficients of characteristic equations which are obtained as a result of the control.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.641-652
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 IETF CAT Working Group에서 발표한 PKINIT기반의 인증서비스를 향상시킨 Kerberos 인증 메커니즘을 제안한다. PKINIT기반의 X.509, DS/DNS를 적용하여 영역간의 서비스를 제공하는 인증과 키 교환 방식으로 DNS를 통해 외부영역의 위치를 탐색하고 X.509 디렉토리 인증 시스템을 적용, 영역간 인증은 DNS 서버로부터 공개키를 획득하여 다른 영역을 인증하도록 하였다. 영역간 인증과 키 교환은 Kerberos의 관용키 암호방식을 사용하고 세션 연결은 X.509 공개키 방식에 기반을 두고 있다. 효율적인 TGT(티켓승인 티켓) 교환과 티켓의 재사용으로 통신상의 Overload를 감소시키는 효과와 인증절차의 간소화를 가지는 Kerberos 시스템을 설계하였다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.29-62
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• 2007

The object of this paper is to increase in domestic use of export factoring for small and medium trading companies. Factoring involves a process where a specialized firm assumes the responsibility for the administration and collection of account receivable for its clients. It can be considered a form of short term commercial financing based on selling of trade credit at a discount, or for a prescribed fee plus interest. The youngest and smallest businesses cannot receive working capital for account receivable for export from financial companies, while larger businesses tend to have less need for factoring services. Using export factoring provide a valuable improvement to cash flow and working capital position and can possibly contribute to small business growth and development. There are several suggestions for export factoring to activate in Korea. First, the number of factoring companies need to be enlarge to activate export factoring in trade and financial policies. Second, factoring companies have to perform public relations for trading companies to inform the export factoring system and its advantages. Third, government need to support the system of export factoring with legislation and financial instruments. Forth, trading companies need to be reformed credit inquiry system in terms of expenses and methods by government This paper has attempted to emphasize on export factoring for small and medium size exporting companies and deserves more research by academics, practitioners and trade policy makers.