• 조형예술학연구
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• 제1권
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• pp.165-188
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• 1999

When we think about visual art, we can't pass over the matter of images and spaces. An image is fixed in a painting space. If the image were posited in the river of time, it would be changed as time flowed on. Its image might be created, rigged, transfigured or it might vanish or remain as traces. The image is changed through the process of expressing them on the painting surfaces. In paintings the changing of the image is caused not only by working processes but also recognizing the objects. In modernist painting, the idea of space was important, but in postmodernist view, the idea of time becomes essential. In this thesis I will focus on the matter of time and image of painting in the late 20th century. Studying the relationship of image and time is not familiar because we had considered the space as being more related to painting distinction than time. Presently, the concept of space can't be divided from that of time. In Physics, they recently called it as a united concept- time-space. Painting space also becomes one asking and recieve the concept of time actively. Now in painting, time is no more a supporting matter but becomes a major matter. In the late 20th century, we can find many trials to catch the change of images as time flowes on and express them as a trace through using verioty media. One of the way to drawing the change of images as time passes could be seen through various joint images in one painting space and another in the traces of one image. The other could be done by using new media such as computer in the example of fractal art. It shows the images chainging of practically as time changes. New understanding about time of this era has to be affirmatively accepted because it reflects the contemporary cultural situation and in art, the concern about the possiblity of it and finding new medias which has to go on.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2020

The purpose of this analytic study is to design and examine an efficient hydrogen liquefaction cycle by using a pre-cooler. The liquefaction cycle is primarily comprised of a pre-cooler and a refrigerator. The fed hydrogen gas is cooled down from ambient temperature (300 K) to the pre-cooling coolant temperature (either 77 K or 120 K approximately) through the pre-cooler. There are two pre-cooling methods: a single pre-coolant pre-cooler and a cascade pre-cooler which uses two levels of pre-coolants. After heat exchanging with the pre-cooler, the hydrogen gas is further cooled and finally liquefied through the refrigerator. The working fluids of the potential pre-cooling cycle are selected as liquid nitrogen and liquefied natural gas. A commercial software Aspen HYSYS is utilized to perform the numerical simulation of the proposed liquefaction cycle. Efficiency is compared with respect to the various conditions of the heat exchanging part of the pre-cooler. The analysis results show that the cascade method is more efficient, and the heat exchanging part of the pre-coolers should have specific UA ratios to maximize both spatial and energy efficiencies. This paper presents the quantitative performance of the pre-cooler in the hydrogen liquefaction cycle in detail, which shall be useful for designing an energy-efficient liquefaction system.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2019

Purpose: The salesperson, the core of the operating activities, plays the role of connecting the inside and outside of the company, representing the company to the consumer and identifying and responding to the customer's needs. The department store industry is the most representative retail industry in South Korea, and competition among its peer group and industry is intensifying, requiring differentiated service sales activities and performance from its employees. This study divided the sales force system into activity control(process-oriented control) and output control(performance-oriented control) and verified the differential impact on the job attitude of the salesperson (e.g., job satisfaction and burn-out), respectively. In addition, the effect of job satisfaction and burn-out of the salesperson on the job performance were checked. Research design, data, and methodology: The survey was conducted on 200 sales people working at five branch stores of Hyundai department store in Seoul, and 194 of them were analyzed. The reliability and validity of the variables were analyzed and hypotheses were verified through the SEM. Results: Results have shown that activity control has a greater impact on burn-out compared to output control, and output control has a greater impact on job satisfaction compared to activity control. It has been shown that the salesperson's burn-out does not affect sales performance, but that job satisfaction has a positive effect on sales performance. Conclusions: This study examines the effect of sales force management system such as activity control and output control, on the job attitude and sales performance in department stores. According to the results of this research, each of two control systems have a discriminatory effect on the job attitude variables. For the sales managers of department store, it is recommended to increase the efficiency of sales management by increasing the use of outcome control compared to activity control.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.45-50
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• 2009

이러닝의 발전과 더불어 다양한 학습도구의 개발 그리고 이러닝 콘텐츠의 공동활용 등 이러닝을 통한 교류가 활발하게 이루어 지고 있다. 그러나 각각 LMS의 상호 연동을 고려하지 않고 개발되었기 때문에 이러닝 교류시 문제점이 나타나게 되었다. 특히 대학간 이러닝 교류는 학습자 정보교환 중심의 교류, 강의(교수자) 정보교환 중심의 교류 등 여러 가지가 있으나, 이들 모두 직접적인 연계가 이루어지지 않기 때문에 여러 가지로 문제점이 많이 나타났다. 이에 본 논문에서는 이러닝 교류의 사례를 분석하고, 문제점을 도출하여 효율적인 LMS 상호 연동에 대한 모형을 설계하여 제시하였다. 우선 먼저 학습에 가장 필요로 하는 학습요소 즉, 강좌개설정보, 강의정보, 사용자정보, 수강정보, 학습이력정보를 연동 데이터로 정의하였으며, 뷰를 이용한 데이터 연동 테이블을 통해 LMS를 연동하였다. 실험결과 학습자와 교수자의 접근성이 편리하게 나타났으며, 데이터 교환이 없기 때문에 업무 프로세스가 현저히 줄었다. 향후에는 다양한 학습요소에 대한 연동과 세션처리, 보안을 고려한 LMS 연동이 연구과제로 남아있다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권11B호
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• pp.1016-1022
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• 2003

EPON(Ethernet Passive Optical Network)은 FTTH(Fiber To The Home)구성에 경제적인 기술로서, 차세대 가입자망 구성중 하나로 활발히 연구되고 있다. EPON은 Ethernet을 기반으로 하고 있기 때문에 QoS(Quality of Service) 지원을 위해서는 가입자에게 동적 대역폭할당을 적용해야 한다. 최근 EPON 표준화에 대해 활발히 연구하고 있는 EFM SG 방향 역시 동적 대역폭할당으로 결정한바 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 EPON의 MAC(Media Access Control) 프로토콜인 MPCP(Multi Point Control Protocol)에서 DBA(Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation)의 구현에 적합한 ONU(Optical Network Unit) 버퍼 스케줄링 알고리즘(AIWFQ)과 OLT(Optical Line Terminal)의 DBA 전략(Class-based FCFS)을 설계한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘의 구현을 위해서 OPNET 시뮬레이션 도구를 이용하였으며, 단대단 처리지연 시간과 버퍼크기를 측정하여 EPON 시스템의 모델로 활용할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.3.1-3.1
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• 2011

Over the past decade, the major efforts for lowering the cost of electronics has been devoted to increasing the packaging efficiency of the integrated circuits (ICs), which is defined by the ratio of all devices on system-level board compared to the area of the board, and to working on a larger but cheaper substrates. Especially, in flexible electronics, the latter has been the favorable way along with using novel nanomaterials that have excellent mechanical flexibility and electrical properties as active channel materials and conductive films. Here, the tool for achieving large area patterning is by printing methods. Although diverse printing methods have been investigated to produce highly-aligned structures of the nanomaterials with desired patterns, many require laborious processes that need to be further optimized for practical applications, showing a clear limit to the design of the nanomaterial patterns in a large scale assembly. Here, we demonstrate the alignment of highly ordered and dense silicon (Si) NW arrays to anisotropically etched micro-engraved structures using a simple evaporation process. During evaporation, entropic attraction combined with the internal flow of the NW solution induced the alignment of NWs at the corners of pre-defined structures. The assembly characteristics of the NWs were highly dependent on the polarity of the NW solutions. After complete evaporation, the aligned NW arrays were subsequently transferred onto a flexible substrate with 95% selectivity using a direct gravure printing technique. As proof-of-concept, flexible back-gated NW field effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated. The fabricated FETs had an effective hole mobility of 0.17 $cm2/V{\cdot}s$ and an on/off ratio of ${\sim}1.4{\times}104$. These results demonstrate that our NW gravure printing technique is a simple and effective method that can be used to fabricate high-performance flexible electronics based on inorganic materials.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

PAJU Book City Plan was designed to integrate two concepts of "Publishing Productive City" and "Ecological City" with the goal of "bringing of human being and nature together". This research on the post occupancy evaluation on PAJU Book City has two aims; One is to define how people, mainly working there rather than living, recognize the city and the other is to identify the problems resulted from the first phase of planning process and to suggest feasible solutions at the same time. It would be desirable that the outcome of this research should be used as data sources to improve the second phase of the plan. The evaluation criteria were created by the pre-survey on the basis of previous researches and "Pa Ju publishing city architectural design guide book (1999)". With those criteria, on-site questionnaire was conducted among people who work in PAJU Book City and stratified sampling was used for the proper sampling. The result is as follows; the visual-aesthetic criteria had positive response, which also closely related to a city satisfaction. Considering this result, construction type, circumferential environment of the building and a place of building form were found appropriate. The evaluation on the physical-ecological criteria was relatively low. Respondents were unsatisfied with green space and required better ecological waterway and more roadside tree. As green space was given a lot of weight in satisfaction survey, more green urban areas should be planned in the next phase. The evaluation on the social-behavior criteria got the lowest score. Particularly, the accessibility and convenient facilities were remarkably low. Nonetheless, the self-conceit about PAJU Book City was highly evaluated and played a crucial role in a city satisfaction. In order to achieve the goal, physical beauty, characteristics as a publication city as well as an ecologically sustainable city should be main agenda in the second phase of Paju Book City Plan. Consequently, it is important to strike a balance between the external environment and image media in order that PAJU Book City should be re-born as a culture city.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2006

본 논문은 일선학교에서 학기 초마다 행해지고 있는 학교 급 임원 선출 방법의 하나인 서면 투표방식의 불편함을 보완할 수 있는 새로운 대안을 모색해보고자 연구된 것으로 학생 대다수에게 보급되어 있는 휴대폰, PDA, PC 등을 활용하여 실시간으로 임원 선출 및 의사 결정에 참여할 수 있는 유무선 연동의 모바일 전자투표 시스템을 설계 및 구현하여 활용한 결과를 토대로 작성되었다. 매학기 선거철만 되면 학교 임원 선출을 위해 특정한 장소에 모여 길게 줄을 서서 기다려야만했던 불편함과 그에 따른 수업결손을 최소화하기 위하여 공공장소가 아닌 곳에서도 언제 어디서나 의사결정에 참여 할 수 있는 전자투표제가 고려되어야 할 시점이 도래하였다. 더 나아가 본 연구는 유비쿼터스 시대에 맞는 새로운 학생 선거문화를 생각해볼 수 있는 계기가 될 것이며, 학생자치활동 및 학교 급 경영의 의사결정 시 학부모와 학생참여를 위한 도구로써 현장에서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권2B호
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• pp.272-278
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• 2004

EPON(Ethernet Passive Optical Network)은 FTTH(Fiber To The Home)구성에 경제적인 기술로서, 차세대 가입자망 구성중 하나로 활발히 연구되고 있다. EPON은 Ethernet을 기반으로 하고 있기 때문에 QoS(Quality of Service) 지원을 위해서는 가입자에게 동적대역폭할당을 적용해야 한다. 최근 EPON 표준화에 대해 활발히 연구하고 있는 EFM SG 방향 역시 동적대역폭할당으로 결정한바 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 EPON의 MAC(Media Access Control) 프로토콜인 MPCP(Multi Point Control Protocol)에서 DBA(Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation)의 구현에 적합한 ONU(Optical Network Unit) 버퍼 스케줄링 알고리즘(AIWFQ)과 OLT(Optical Line Terminal)의 DBA 전략(Class-based FCFS)을 설계한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘의 구현을 위해서 OPNET 시뮬레이션 도구를 이용하였으며, 단대단 처리지연 시간과 버퍼크기를 측정하여 EPON 시스템의 모델로 활용할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2011

사이버 공간에서 학업을 병행하는 직장인 학생에게 강의만족은 매우 역동적이고 다차원적인 과정으로 개개인의 학업 니즈와 능력을 반영된 결과이기도 하다. 본 연구는 사이버 경영대학원에 재학 중인 직장인 학생을 대상으로 교수 학생 간 상호작용, 학생 상호간 상호작용, 몰입, 콘텐츠의 질과 구조화, 실시간 Q&A와 사이버 강의를 보완하는 수단으로서의 오프라인 보충강의 등이 만족도에 미칠 직 간접적 영향 정도를 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 인과관계 검증에 집중하기 보다는 수강생 입장에서 흥미롭다고 인지된 과목과 어렵다고 판단된 과목을 중심으로 인과관계의 강약 정도를 그룹 별로 비교하였다. 분석결과, 어렵다고 인지된 과목을 중심으로 답한 그룹의 경우 교수 학생 간 상호작용에서 만족도, 콘텐츠품질에서 몰입, Q&A에서 교수 학생 간 상호작용 그리고 Q&A에서 학생 간 상호작용으로 이어지는 경로계수값이 흥미롭다고 인지된 과목을 택한 그룹의 경우보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반대로 학생 간 상호작용에서 만족도와 콘텐츠 구조에서 몰입으로 이어지는 경로계수값은 흥미롭다고 인지된 과목을 택한 그룹이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 이러닝 설계상의 시사점도 간략히 제시하였다.