• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.382-391
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• 2020

In line with the trend of global transport volume which has increased rapidly over the years, internal transportation in seaports is always conducted with high frequency. Thus, there is always much potential for traffic jams as well as high transportation costs and emissions. Many efforts have been initiated to streamline the inter-terminal container transport (ITT) through the development of automated vehicles and equipment as well as using private transport facilities to overcome these limitations. The purpose of this paper to develop a framework to design, analyze, and validate the efficiency of a new ITT system in a port area based on the monorail network and automatic vehicles. First, the number of shuttles and loaders was determined depending on the transport demand scenario. Next, a simulation model was applied to evaluate the system performance as well as gain more insight into the working process of the ITT system. Finally, by setting goals for the performance indicators, the results showed that the system was highly efficient with 100% of the containers delivered to their destination on time. Besides, a series of other performance tracking was provided to provide insight into the system's capabilities.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2013

Since the shell-molds are used to make casting the metal parts for the automobile industry, the quality may well be inconsistent with the lower productivity, increasing the cost of the end products. The primary elbow design shell molded steel castings being produced through extrusion process has $180^{\varnothing}$ O.D., $150^{\varnothing}$ I.D., 14mm thickness and 400mm length, while being processed onto the left side of the tubing. The primary cause for the poor processing is the uneven manual shell molding. If the manual shell molds should be produced to have even quality, they would not be processed for tube linking. The purpose of this study was to develop the flask-molds for manufacturing of the shell molds to ensure mass-production, consistent quality, ommission of processing and comfortable working environment. For this purpose, four flask-molds were produced and thereby, four shell molds were assembled. In particular, the shell molds for processing were formed of the fine coated sand to be blown. As a result, productivity increased about three times, while a consistent quality was ensured. Furthermore, the tubes could be linked with each other without being processed, while pallets could be stacked, stored, transported and managed more easily. In a nut-shell, the molding theory could be applied more effectively. However, it is conceived that this study should be followed up by future studies which will research into reliability and endurability of the end products.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2010

현재 실시설계도면 작성과정에서 시간, 비용 등 제한조건으로 인해 실시설계도면 자체의 품질저하가 발생하고 있으며, 시공상세도는 표준화된 기준이 없이 임의적으로 작성되고 프로젝트 완료 후 대부분이 폐기가 되어 설계단계로 피드백 되지 않아 실시설계도면 품질저하의 악순환이 초래되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실시설계도면과 시공상세도의 품질 향상을 위하여 일반업무시설에 대한 기존 실시설계 체크리스트를 기본으로 공사현장에 요구되는 정보와 시공상세도를 반영하고, 설계자의 설계도면 구성 분류에 따른 검토항목과 시공자의 공사별 분류 방법에 따른 검토항목을 상호 연계함으로써 시공성을 반영한 실시설계도면 체크리스트 개선안을 제시하였다. 실시설계도면과 시공단계가 연계된 공사별 통합 체크리스트의 활용성을 위해 인덱스 매트릭스를 개발하였으며, 실무전문가를 대상으로 심층면담조사를 통해 유효성을 확인하였다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2023

In the field of agricultural machinery, various on-field tests are conducted to measure design load for optimal design of agricultural equipment. However, field test procedures are costly and time-consuming, and there are many constraints on field soil conditions due to weather, so research on utilizing simulation to overcome these shortcomings is needed. Therefore, this study aimed to model agricultural soils using discrete element method (DEM) software. To simulate draft force, predictions are made according to travel speed and compared to field test results to validate the prediction accuracy. The measured soil properties are used for DEM modeling. In this study, the soil property measurement procedure was designed to measure the physical and mechanical properties. DEM soil model calibration was performed using a virtual vane shear test instead of the repose angle test. The DEM simulation results showed that the prediction accuracy of the draft force was within 4.8% (2.16~6.71%) when compared to the draft force measured by the field test. In addition, it was confirmed that the result was up to 72.51% more accurate than those obtained through theoretical methods for predicting draft force. This study provides useful information for the DEM soil modeling process that considers the working speed from the perspective of agricultural machinery research and it is expected to be utilized in agricultural machinery design research.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2006

최근 고령화 사회 진입에 따라 고령 사용자의 컴퓨터 사용규모와 관심이 점점 증가하면서 컴퓨터의 사용성(usability)에 대한 유니버설 디자인 문제가 제 기되고 있으며, 특히 MS Windows의 유니버설 UI디자인의 중요성에 대한 인식도 커지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는MS windows 사용에 있어 사용자의 나이, 능력에 상관없이 고령 사용자 및 컴퓨터 사용 초심자에게 보다 직관적이고 쉽게 사용할 수 있는 MS Windows의 유니버설 GUI 디자인의 개념을 설정하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 특히, MS Windows의 학습과 사용에 있어 가장 어려움이 많을 것으로 예상되는 고령 사용자의 요구 사항을 조사, 분석하고 이 에 대한 해결안을 GUI 디자인에 반영하는 것을 중심으로 진행하였다. 연구 방법은 사용자 조사 방법으로서 고령자 대상의 컴퓨터 교육과정에서 MS Windows를 교육하는 4주 동안 보조 교사로 참여하여 관찰을 실시하였으며, 이를 보완할 수 있는 탐색 테스트와 인터뷰를 추가적으로 진행함으로써 불편 요소와 요구사항을 추출하였고 이를 기반으로 US Windows의 새로운 GUI 디자인 안을 제시하였다. 디자인 해결안은 MS Windows의 디폴트 값 설정, 쉬운 개념모형 형성을 위한 MS Windows 기능 단순화, 진화과정에 따른 MS Windows기능과 환경설정의 개인화, 화면에서의 시각적 문제 해결, 조작 과정상에서의 인터랙션 문제 해결 등의 방향에서 아이디어를 포함하였으며, MS Windows XP 환경에서 제공하는 사용자 로그인에서 사용자의 수준에 따라 초보자 모드로 접근 가능하여 운영 가능하도록 하였다. 본 연구는 고령 사용자의 MS Windows 활용에 대한 문제점과 요구사항을 장기적인 참여관찰을 통해 추출함으로써 신뢰도 높은 디자인 문제를 발견했다는데 의의를 찾을 수 있으며, 향후 해결안으로 제시된 디자인 안의 사용성에 대한 검증이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2004

This study attempted to investigate the plasticity of Korean paper expressed in contemporary fashion after general inquiry into Korean paper and examine the aesthetic beauty of fashion design using Korean paper. It used the literature review and empirical data analysis together. Korea-paper fashion design, the object of actual investigation, was for Korean-paper fashion from the 1990s to the present. As a result of analysis, the following findings were obtained: First, the natural, warm and soft texture seen as pureness in Korean paper enables us to elicit naturalness from liberalness. In addition, Korean paper not only has the tough characteristic of its material but also has the natural characteristic of abandoning its original nature and complying and adhering to its a given nature. Korean-paper fashion design, using this natural beauty and frank nature, bears the pure image of excluding decoration. Second, the overlapping of the surface on the surface expressed in Korean-paper fashion design forms one space with the sense of depth because of its transparency and expresses temporality through repetition. And the work of folding it with other materials and pasting them up with together demonstrates the effect of reflection because its original transparency. This effect is the specificity created in the collage technique using Korean paper and is the advantage of coming to obtain a wider freedom of expression. Korean-paper fashion design expresses transparency using this repetition and overlapping, Third, Korean paper has the simple rather than luxurious aspect. Owing to this nature, fashion design looks as if there were the greed inherent behind the work made from Korean paper though the complex technique applied to it. And it expresses the restraint of Korean paper using its original white color, the exclusion of decoration and simple design. Fourth, Korean paper is more likely to be changed by the outside influence because of formation. It has its peculiar aesthetic value and original artistry to an extent that it is regarded as one artistic work. The quality and texture of Korean paper diversely vary according to the artist's working process. Like this, Korean paper is easily fused into some object without exclusivity though it may be added to it. Korean-paper fashion design has the beauty of creation that is to create a new world because Korean paper is fused into another material due to its soft nature.

• 감성과학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.491-502
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• 2007

범주화는 제품디자인에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 범주화의 유형에 따라 소비자의 감성이 다르고 감성의 차이에 따라 디자인 컨셉이 다르며 이에 따라 디자인요소가 다르게 배합되어야 하기 때문이다. 특히 요즘처럼 제품라인이 확대되어 제품의 차별화가 모호한 경우에는 범주화과정이 필요하다. 즉 감성의 유사성 정도를 바탕으로 정확한 범주를 정하고 컨셉화하여 소비자 지향적인 디자인을 제공해야 하는 것이다. 본 연구는 특정의 제품범주(장류) 안에 유사한 하위범주(고추장, 된장, 청국장, 쌈장, 간장)를 구성하고 있는 각 제품에 대한 소비자의 감성이미지를 추출하고 그 유사성정도를 바탕으로 범주를 결정하여 디자인방향을 어떻게 결정해야 할지를 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 통해 살펴본 결과, 장류는 선호하는 이미지로부터 차별화되어있지 않다는 것을 알 수 있다. 장류에 대한 감성 이미지 조사에서, "웰빙의", "감칠맛나는"의 감성 이미지는 선호에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 반면, "지저분한", "냄새나는"의 감성 이미지는 선호에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 우리는 장류제품을 개발할 때 "감칠맛 나는"과 같은 긍정적인 감성이미지는 부각시키고, "지저분한" 이미지와 같은 부정적인 감성이미지를 제거할 수 있는 디자인 및 마케팅 전략을 제안한다. 본 연구는 학문적 측면과 실무적 측면에서 제품디자인에 대한 다양한 통찰력을 제공할 것이다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2009

The working of diesel particulate filters(DPF) needs to periodically burn soot that has been accumulated during loading of the DPF. The prediction of the relation between an uniformity of gas velocity and soot regeneration efficiency with simulations helps to make design decisions and to shorten the development process. This work presents a comprehensive combined 'DOC+CDPF' model approach. All relevant behaviors of flow fluid are studied in a 3D model. The obtained flow fields in the front of DPF is used for 1D simulation for the prediction of the thermal behavior and regeneration efficiency of CDPF. Validation of the present simulation are performed for the axial and radial direction temperature profile and shows goods agreement with experimental data. The coupled simulation of 3D and 1D shows their impact on the overall regeneration efficiency. It is found that the flow non-uniformity may cause severe radial temperature gradient, resulting in degrading regeneration efficiency.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2020

Purpose: Participation of firms in Global Value Chains (GVC) has contributed significantly to the improvement of economic outcomes for firms in developing countries. However, evidence suggests that these economic outcomes are gained at the cost of labourers' poor working conditions. This research contributes to existing literature on GVCs by investigating the influence of different governance structures on economic and social upgrading of firms participating in GVCs. Furthermore, the research attempts to understand the relationship between economic and social upgrading in GVCs. Research design and methodology: Detailed qualitative primary research was carried out in the football industry of Sialkot, Pakistan. The case study approach was employed, and football firms were the unit of analysis. Semi-structured interviews with firms' representatives were conducted. Results: Findings reveal that most firms were found in captive, relational and market governance structures. Furthermore, product and process upgrading were witnessed in all firms; however, social upgrading was observed mostly in captive and relational GVCs. Moreover, social upgrading was linked to economic upgrading in captive and relational networks. Conclusions: The findings from the Sialkot football industry reflect that buyers pay higher prices and margins to their suppliers once they upgrade their products and processes.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2010

Recently, an advanced raw material supplying system in diecasting industry that molten metal produced by the raw material supplier can be directly delivered to the diecasting shops was proposed. It was known to have advantages of reducing melting process cost and improving working environment. However, for its successful mass production, the development of high insulation ladle is inevitable. In this study, the optimal mixing ratio of $SiO_2-Al_2O_3$ was investigated and the high insulation ladle with computer simulation result was built in a prototype and evaluated. The prototype which has refractory wall of $SiO_233%-Al_2O_3$ 35%-CaO 33% showed high insulation sufficient for carrying the Al molten metal for 138 minutes. Gas quantity result and SEM-EDS analysis on the melt poured in the ladle also showed extremely low level of 0.028 cc / 100 g and no penetration of Al molten metal into the refractory wall, satisfying the requirements for mass production.