• 임상간호연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.377-388
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• 2015

Purpose: To identify user requirements for electronic nursing record (ENR) systems so as to ensure system usability. Methods: A mixed methods approach were applied in three steps : (i) task and workflow analysis with literature review of nursing documentation, (ii) literature reviews of system usability, and (iii) Use Case idenfication and consensus-based validation. We analyzed the nursing activity logs collected from a time-motion investigation of six hospitals. The Use Cases were validated by eight clinical experts from different hospitals and two experts from academia in a sequential Delphi survey. Consensus was achieved for the significance score and agreement among the panel. Results: Eight task groups and patterns of task flow were observed, which were translated into nine Use Cases. The specification of Use Cases was derived from principles, guidelines, and recommendations on nursing documentation and electronic health record systems, which was organized into three requirements of each Use Case: functionality, information, and design characteristics. Each Use Case achieved an agreement of 50~70%, and significance scores of 4 or 5 on a 5-point Likert scale. Conclusion: The nine Use Case identified were considered to be important and adequate in terms of both clinical and informatics contexts.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2005

Web services and their composition (web processes) are promising technologies to efficiently integrate disparate software components over various types of systems. As many web services are nowadays available on Internet, quality of services (QoS) and performance/cost become increasingly important to differentiating between similar service providers. In this work, we introduce sPAC (Web Services Performance Analysis Centre) and show how customers can benefit from sPAC to consider performance in composing and commercializing web services. sPAC 1) helps users to graphically describe the workflow of web services, 2) invokes web services to test out performance for light load conditions, 3) automatically converts the web services and the flow between them into a simulation model, 4) conducts extensive simulations for heavy load conditions and various usage patterns, and 5) reports analysis results and estimation data for the web services.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국IT서비스학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.529-534
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• 2008

국제 전자거래 표준 언어인 ebXML은 비즈니스 프로세스의 모델링과 구현이 독립되어 있다. 특히 ebXML의 비즈니스 프로세스 구현 언어는 UML (Unified Modeling Language)기반의 BPSS (Business Process Specification Schema)에서 BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation)기반의 ebBP (ebXML Business Process Specification Schema)로 변경되었다. ebXML은 단일화된 e-비즈니스 시장의 형성을 목표로 하고 있다. 따라서 ebBP가 비즈니스 프로세스 모델링으로 표현되는 다양한 업무 흐름을 지원 할 수 있는지 ebBP의 코레오그라피(Choreography) 표현 능력을 평가하는 것은 중요한 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 ebBP의 표현력을 워크플로우 패턴 입장에서 기존의 BPSS와 비교한다. 이 분석을 토대로 비즈니스 프로세스 모델에서 ebBP로 변환하는 방법을 제시한다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.10-20
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• 2024

RNA-시퀀싱은 표본에 대한 전사체 전체의 패턴을 제공하는 기법이다. 그러나 RNA-시퀀싱은 표본 내 전체 세포에 대한 평균 유전자 발현만 제공할 수 있으며, 표본 내의 이질성(heterogeneity)에 대한 정보는 제공하지 못한다. 단일 세포 RNA-시퀀싱 기술의 발전을 통해 우리는 표본의 단일 세포 수준에서 이질성과 유전자 발현의 동역학(dynamics)에 대한 이해를 할 수 있게 되었다. 예를 들어, 우리는 단일 세포 RNA-시퀀싱을 통해 복잡한 조직을 구성하는 다양한 세포 유형을 식별할 수 있으며, 특정 세포 유형의 유전자 발현 변화와 같은 정보를 알 수 있다. 단일 세포 RNA-시퀀싱은 처음 도입된 이후 많은 이들의 관심을 끌게 되었으며, 이를 활용하기 위한 대규모 생물정보학(bioinformatics) 도구가 개발되었다. 그러나 단일 세포 RNA-시퀀싱에서 생성된 빅데이터 분석에는 데이터 전처리에 대한 이해와 전처리 이후 다양한 분석 기술에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 본 종설에서는 단일 세포 RNA-시퀀싱 데이터분석과 관련된 작업과정의 개요를 제시한다. 먼저 데이터의 품질 관리, 정규화 및 차원 감소와 같은 데이터의 전 처리 과정에 대해 설명한다. 그 이후, 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 생물정보학 도구를 활용한 데이터의 후속 분석에 대해 설명한다. 본 종설은 이 분야에 관심이 있는 새로운 연구자를 위한 가이드라인을 제공하는 것을 목표로 한다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2016

서비스 지향 개발에서 서비스 식별은 워크플로우, 목표와 시나리오, 유스케이스, 컴포넌트, 휘처, 패턴 등에 기반해서 이루어져 왔다. 그러나, 비즈니스 가치 관점에서 의미적 접근에 의한 서비스의 식별은 아직 구체화되어 있지 않다. 본 논문은 비즈니스 서비스 식별의 정확성을 향상시키기 위하여, XL-BPMN 모델 대상의 구조적 및 의미적 분석에 의한 비즈니스 서비스를 식별하는 방법을 제시한다. 비즈니스 시나리오에 기반해서 비즈니스 프로세스들을 식별하고, 이 프로세스는 XL-BPMN 비즈니스 프로세스 모델로 디자인한다. 이 비즈니스 프로세스 모델에서, 액티비티들간 구조적 패턴과 속성 기반 의미적 유사성의 통합된 분석 결과에 의해 밀접한 액티비티를 바인딩해서 단위 비즈니스 서비스를 식별한다. 이를 통해, 상위 비즈니스 가치 관점의 XL-BPMN 모델을 통한 정확성과 모듈성이 높은 단위 비즈니스 서비스 식별을 할 수 있다. 식별된 서비스의 재사용을 통해서 서비스 지향 개발을 더욱 가속화를 도모할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.1351-1360
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• 2023

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that disturb hormonal homeostasis by binding to receptors. EDCs are metabolized through hepatic enzymes, causing altered transcriptional activities of hormone receptors, and thus necessitating the exploration of the potential endocrine-disrupting activities of EDC-derived metabolites. Accordingly, we have developed an integrative workflow for evaluating the post-metabolic activity of potential hazardous compounds. The system facilitates the identification of metabolites that exert hormonal disruption through the integrative application of an MS/MS similarity network and predictive biotransformation based on known hepatic enzymatic reactions. As proof-of-concept, the transcriptional activities of 13 chemicals were evaluated by applying the in vitro metabolic module (S9 fraction). Identified among the tested chemicals were three thyroid hormone receptor (THR) agonistic compounds that showed increased transcriptional activities after phase I+II reactions (T3, 309.1 ± 17.3%; DITPA, 30.7 ± 1.8%; GC-1, 160.6 ± 8.6% to the corresponding parents). The metabolic profiles of these three compounds showed common biotransformation patterns, particularly in the phase II reactions (glucuronide conjugation, sulfation, GSH conjugation, and amino acid conjugation). Data-dependent exploration based on molecular network analysis of T3 profiles revealed that lipids and lipid-like molecules were the most enriched biotransformants. The subsequent subnetwork analysis proposed 14 additional features, including T4 in addition to 9 metabolized compounds that were annotated by prediction system based on possible hepatic enzymatic reaction. The other 10 THR agonistic negative compounds showed unique biotransformation patterns according to structural commonality, which corresponded to previous in vivo studies. Our evaluation system demonstrated highly predictive and accurate performance in determining the potential thyroid-disrupting activity of EDC-derived metabolites and for proposing novel biotransformants.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.523-532
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• 2015

Purpose: The usability, user satisfaction, and impact of electronic nursing record (ENR) systems were investigated. Methods: This mixed-method research was performed as a time-motion (TM) study and a survey which were carried out at six hospitals between August and November 2013. The TM study involved 108 nurses from medical, surgical, and intensive care units at each hospital, plus an additional 48 nurses who served as nonparticipating observers. In the survey, 1879 volunteer nurses completed the Impact of ENR Systems Scale, the System Usability Scale, and a global satisfaction scale. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. Results: The mean scores for the ENR impact, system usability, and satisfaction were 4.28 (out of 6), 58.62 (out of 100), and 74.31 (out of 100), respectively, and they differed significantly between hospitals (F=43.43, p<.001, F=53.08 and p<.001, and F=29.13 and p<.001, respectively). A workflow fragmentation assessment revealed different patterns of ENR system use among the included hospitals. Three user characteristics-educational background, practice period, and experience of using paper records-significantly affected the system usability and satisfaction scores. Conclusion: The system quality varied widely among the ENR systems. The generally low-to-moderate levels of system usability and user satisfaction suggest many opportunities for improvement.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2023

Purpose: Overtriage and undertriage rates are critical metrics in trauma, influenced by both trauma team activation (TTA) criteria and compliance with these criteria. Analysis of undertriaged patients at a level I trauma center revealed suboptimal compliance with existing criteria. This study assessed triage patterns after implementing compliance-focused process interventions. Methods: A physician-driven, free-text alert system was modified to a nonphysician, hospital dispatcher-guided system. The latter employed dropdown menus to maximize compliance with criteria. The preintervention period included patients who presented between May 12, 2020, and December 31, 2020. The postintervention period incorporated patients who presented from May 12, 2021, through December 31, 2021. We evaluated appropriate triage, overtriage, and undertriage using the Standardized Trauma Assessment Tool. Statistical analyses were conducted with an α level of 0.05. Results: The new system was associated with improved compliance with existing TTA criteria (from 70.3% to 79.3%, P=0.023) and decreased undertriage (from 6.0% to 3.2%, P=0.002) at the expense of increasing overtriage (from 46.6% to 57.4%, P<0.001), ultimately decreasing the appropriate triage rate (from 78.4% to 74.6%, P=0.007). Conclusions: This study assessed a workflow change designed to improve compliance with TTA criteria. Improved compliance decreased undertriage to below the target threshold of 5%, albeit at the expense of increased overtriage. The decrease in appropriate triage despite compliance improvements suggests that the current criteria at this institution are not adequately tailored to optimally balance the minimization of undertriage and overtriage. This finding underscores the importance of improved compliance in evaluating the efficacy of TTA criteria.