• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권23호
• /
• pp.10091-10094
• /
• 2015

Easter Island is a small island of $180km^2$, located 3,800 km from the Chilean coast and one of the most isolated inhabited places in the world. Since the mid-twentieth century, it has been undergoing an epidemiological transition in relation to the causes of death, from a predominance of infectious to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular ailments and cancer. The aim of this study is to describe the causes of death to Easter Island between 2000 and 2012, so the statistical records of Hanga Roa Hospital and death certificates were reviewed. The period under review of 13 years there was a total of 252 deaths, an average to 19.3 deaths per year. The most frequent causes of death found in the general population of Easter Island were cardiovascular diseases (25.4%), followed by neoplasms (23.4%), accidents (18.6%). Related to Rapa Nui people, cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases (both 26.7%) predominate, while in the population without belonging to the ethnic group the main causes were traumatic (25%) and cardiovascular (22.2%). Comparing the leading causes of death of Easter Island with mainland Chile, it can be seen how they resemble. Taking the island death profile, it is necessary to work on public health strategies aimed to this, considering that some of the causes are completely preventable.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2023

Investigation of the cause of the relatively recent building collapse accident in Gwangju revealed a lack of awareness about the safety of the dismantling construction system among stakeholders, in the form of issues such as illegal subcontracting, unauthorized design changes, and insufficient safety supervision. This study was conducted to analyze the safety interactions between the building dismantling construction system and the involved stakeholders and to propose ways to prevent accidents in related institutions and workplaces. AcciMap and STAMP-CAST analysis methods were used to evaluate safety interactions among the various stakeholders participating in building demolition work. Analysis results revealed that the collapse accident during the dismantling work was caused not only by structural causes occurring in the construction stage, but also by various causes throughout the system, such as the dismantling plan preparation stage and the construction permit stage. The results also revealed the need for proper implementation of safety control measures by various stakeholders to prevent collapse accidents during dismantling construction.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.139-145
• /
• 2009

This study concerned with the characteristics and causes of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) for employees aged 50 years or older. In order to do this, based on 8,011 accident analysis reports, we analyzed the differences of characteristics between groups under 50 years and 50 years or more in terms of gender, occupation, duration of employment, part of body, industry, size of business and work-related factors. Results show that the distributions of the injuries aged 50 years or older are statistically different from those of the injuries under 50 years. Also, older employees have high relationship between repetition, or contact stress/vibration and upper extremity MSDs. These findings can be used to develop more effective MSD prevention programs for older employees.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.1171-1176
• /
• 2005

Dispute related to construction projects involving numerous persons is one of the biggest challenges faced by contractors today. It costs a substantial amount of money and time in resolving these kinds of claims. Recently, with the changes in the construction environment and thought of relation with owner, the number of construction claims has increased. But, a majority of these claims do not prevail, and in fact, frequently get dismissed in its entirety. The reasons for such dismissals include the ignorance about the claims, lack of clear and convincing evidence, and so on. But most of reasons are the claims are not managed well on construction process. This paper analyzes the failure causes by relying on past claim failure cases, and then drew works that have connection with failure causes through interview. It also presented importance degree of construction management works.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.269-270
• /
• 2021

As the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution arrives and the culture of contact-less was established due to the long-term COVID-19, the construction industry is striving to develop smart home services to expand the scope of information and communications technology (ICT) to provide convenience to residents. However, various defects are occurring in information and communications technology facilities in apartments, and related research is lacking. In this study, case studies and research methods of related prior studies are analyzed as a basis for identifying the types and causes of defects that occur in information and communications technology facilities. To analyze various studies, we divided them into studies on smart home Internet of Things (IoT), information and communications technology construction of apartments, and investigated their features and limitations. Plus, future research will be conducted on apartments within 10 years of completion among apartments completed by domestic construction companies to supplement the limitations of prior research. In addition, we will prepare basic data on defects of ICT construction by analyzing the major causes of defect types through the analysis of defect types and frequency by detailed work type of information and communications technology construction.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.95-99
• /
• 2013

Background: Work-related stress is one of the major causes of occupational ill health. In line with the regulatory framework on occupational health and safety (OSH), adequate models for assessing and managing risk need to be identified so as to minimize the impact of this stress not only on workers' health, but also on productivity. Methods: After close analysis of the Italian and European reference regulatory framework and workrelated stress assessment and management models used in some European countries, we adopted the UK Health and Safety Executive's (HSE) Management Standards (MS) approach, adapting it to the Italian context in order to provide a suitable methodological proposal for Italy. Results: We have developed a work-related stress risk assessment strategy, meeting regulatory requirements, now available on a specific web platform that includes software, tutorials, and other tools to assist companies in their assessments. Conclusion: This methodological proposal is new on the Italian work-related stress risk assessment scene. Besides providing an evaluation approach using scientifically validated instruments, it ensures the active participation of occupational health professionals in each company. The assessment tools provided enable companies not only to comply with the law, but also to contribute to a database for monitoring and assessment and give access to a reserved area for data analysis and comparisons.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to build a conceptual framework of bullying in nursing workplace. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify concepts in relation to bullying in nursing workplace by searching research articles published between 1995 and 2013. In-depth interviews were performed with 14 nurses who experienced bullying at work. The Hybrid Model was applied for concept analysis which led to identify attributes of bullying in nursing workplace. Results: The antecedents of bullying in nursing workplace were offenders, victims, and administrators. They create negative effects on organizational culture and imbalance of power between authority and subordinate workers in the organization. Bullying in nursing workplace that occurred in the forms of inefficient organizational culture, imbalance of power, and the vulnerability of individual or individuals and groups of individuals formed an unstable dynamic. It is expressed as verbal and nonverbal bullying, work-related bullying, and external threats. Consequently, workplace bullying causes physical and psychological withdrawal and increased negative energy in an organization. Conclusions: Workplace bullying consisted of verbal abuse, alienation, unreasonable work processes, restriction on work-related rights, and external threat.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.1161-1165
• /
• 2009

Safety of workers and productivity in construction site are affected according to the conflict status of work spaces which are performed at a time. The interference among the work spaces in construction site should be minimized because it becomes a blocking factor that causes construction delay and low productivity. Those factors can be managed by reasonable H&S (Health & Safety) practice. This research suggests the requirements of H&S practice and rules to establish the strategy of H&S management based on the literature reviews related to H&S rule. The suggested H&S rule can be visualized for searching space conflict point if the rule is linked with visual simulation tool. Accordingly the research results can be used for improving and visualizing construction productivity by work space control in 4D/nD CAD system.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.192-198
• /
• 2012

Objectives: Slip and fall accidents in the workplace are one of the top causes of work related fatalities and injuries. Previous studies have indicated that fall risk was related to postural and dynamic stability. However, the usage of this theoretical relationship was limited by laboratory based measuring instruments. The current study proposed a new method for stability assessment by use of inertial measurement units (IMUs). Methods: Accelerations at different body parts were recorded by the IMUs. Postural and local dynamic stability was assessed from these measures and compared with that computed from the traditional method. Results: The results demonstrated: 1) significant differences between fall prone and healthy groups in IMU assessed dynamic stability; and 2) better power of discrimination with multi stability index assessed by IMUs. Conclusion: The findings can be utilized in the design of a portable screening or monitoring tool for fall risk assessment in various industrial settings.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2022

The analysis of the causes of accidents in workplaces where machines and tools are used is essential to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of safety prevention policies in places of employment in Korea. The causes of workplace accidents are not fully understood mainly due to difficulties in analyzing available descriptive information. This study focuses on the automated accident cause analysis in workplaces based on the accident abstracts found in industrial accident reports written in an unstructured descriptive format. The method proposed in this paper is based on text data mining and uses the keyword search function of Excel software to automate the analysis. The analysis results indicate that the primary reason for the frequency of accidents is related to technical aspects at a stage in which dangerous situations occur in the workplace. Accidents due to managerial causes are typically observed when danger exists in the workplace; however, managerial actions play a more important role in reducing accident severity. A small company tends to use unsafe machines and devices, leading to further accidents due to technical causes, whereas managerial causes are more conspicuous as the company grows. To preclude the occurrence of accidents due to inadequate knowledge, the implementation of safety management and the provision of safety education to elderly workers at the early stage of their employment are particularly important for small companies with less than 100 workers.