• 경영과정보연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.141-162
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• 2003

This article discusses the issues of the estimated size and characteristics of irregular employment work force in Korea after IMF economic crisis in 1997. The issues of the estimated size of irregular employment work force originated from different concepts and its operationalizations among the labor economists, despite their utilization of the same labor force data, 'Economically Active Population Survey(EAPA)' collected from Korea National Statistical Office(KNSO). And the issues contribute toward the understandings of the irregular employment and the limits of the EAPA, despite its various usefulness. This article also describes the summary characteristics of irregular employment work force from both sides of labor supply and its demand. The major characteristics of irregular employment work force on the labor supply side appears in the concentration of social minorities, i.e. woman, the aged, lower educated and skilled populations. On the labor demand of irregular employment work force, the majority of it concentrated on the establishments under 10 employees, and probably the important incentives for irregular employment work force of the firms is labor cost efficiency. Finally, this article propose an alternative against the discrimination between the regular and irregular work force.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.175-186
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• 2007

The employment permit system for foreigners, which stresses introduction of foreign work force in a legal manner rather than in the position of being trainees, is anticipated to efficiently improve introduction and the overall management system of foreign work force and related difficulties such as illegal alien problems, absurdity on sending laborers overseas. In this paper, a prospective model of supply and demand of work force has been developed basing on various categories of industries and patterns about nationally practical foreign employees to look over efficient supply and demand of work force suiting employment of foreigner among foreign work force policies. To propose the prospective model, we have derived industry- and pattern-related matrixes of foreign laborers basing on Inter-Industry Analysis Method put forth by Professor Leontiyef in 1930, and through the derived matrix assessed repercussions concerning overall domestic industries and foreigner types and decided yearly weight; the capacity of supply and demand of foreign laborers can be compared through proposed statistical estimation and government estimation by combining the determined weight with yearly incomes of foreign laborers. This paper has thoroughly considered the particularity of our employment permit system for foreigners and applied the Weibull distribution and incorporated the dependence of foreign laborers during the limited period of 3 years to the industry relation analysis, ultimately proposing an efficient supply and demand method about domestic foreign work force.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.73-81
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• 2003

미국 건설산업은 숙련된 기능공의 부족이라는 도전적 과제를 경험해 오고 있다. 이 문제는 다음과 같은 여러 원인들에 의해 야기된것이다. 건설산업의 이미지 저하, 훈련과 교육의 부족, 불분명한 경력관리, 임금의 저하, 노동인력의 구성변화. 건설인력과 관련된 이러한 문제점들을 근본적으로 해결하기 위해 Two-Tier Work Force Strategy라는 획기적인 접근방법이 Center for Construction Industry Studies (CCIS)에서 제안되었다. Two-Tier Work Force Strategy는 Tier I과 Tier II Strategy로 구성되어 있다. Tier I 전략은 기술이 떨어지고 단순작업이 가능한 기능인력을 활용하며, 많은 수의 현장관리인원을 필요로 한다. Tier II 전략은 상대적으로 잘 교육받고, 기술수준이 높은 소수의 기능인력을 활용하며, 그들은 기능능력과 더불어 관리능력도 갖추고 있어야 한다. 그들은 더 높은 급여를 받지만, 높은 기술수준으로 인해 더 생산적으로 일할 수 있고, 다중기술의 보유로 더 오래 현장에머물며, 안전, 품질, 공정, 그리고 원가적 측면에서 향상된 프로젝트 성과를 가져온다. Two-Tier Work Force Strategy는 근래의 기능인력에 대한 문제점을 해결하고, 미래에 더 나은 노동환경을 가져올 수 있는 방안이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.303-308
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• 1984

물성적(物性的) 특성(待性)을 다르게 제조한 츄잉검을 가지고 Rheometer를 사용하여 저작단계별로 초기(初期)에 puncture test, 중기(中期)에 penetration test, 후기(後期)에 penetration test 및 compression test를 하여 기계적(機械約) 물성(物性)을 측정 하였고 같은 시료로 훈련(訓練)된 파넬과 소비자(消費者) 관능검사를 실시하여 관능적(官能的) 물성(物性) 및 기호성(嗜好性)을 측정하였다. 이들 측정 된 물성값으로 기계적(機械約) 물성간(物性間)의 상관관계와 관능적(官能的) 물성간(物性間)의 상관관계를 구하여 물성간(物性間)의 유사성(類似性)과 상관성을 조사하였다. 기계적(機械的) 물성(物性)에서 초기(初期)의 puncture work와 puncture force, 중기(中期)의 hardness와 work, 후기(後期)의 hardness와 work 및 adhesion work와 adhesion force는 각각 유사(類似)한 물성(物性)으로 해석되었으며 후기(後期)의 yield force와 slope는 hardness와, springiness와 adhesion force는 slope와 상관관계가 높았다. 관능적(官能的) 물성(物性)에서 소비자(消費者)와 훈련(訓練)된 파넬의 관능검사 결과(結果)는 거의 일치(一致)하였고 소비자의 경우 초기(初期)의 stiffness가 중기(中期), 후기(後期)의 firmness와 상관관계가 높았다. 훈련(訓練)된 파넬의 경우 후기(後期)의 stiffness는firmness와, cohesion은 lift와 각각 유사(類似)한 물성(物性)으로 해석되었으며 adhesion은 firmness와 부(負)의 상관관계를 나타내었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.977-982
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• 2011

보강롤 구동 4 단 냉간압연기에서 작업롤과 보강롤 사이의 접촉력으로 인해 발생된 작업롤의 수평력을 고찰하였다. 본 수평력은 작업롤을 수평방향으로 휘게하고 롤갭 형상을 그 만큼 변화시킨다. 본 논문에서는 압연을 정상상태라고 가정하여 작업롤의 수평력을 예측할 수 있는 수식모델을 제시하였다. 해석에 사용된 소재는 고-실리콘(약 3%) 강판이었다. 수평력의 비-정상거동을 고찰하기 위해서 삼차원 유한요소모델을 채용하였다. 두 가지 모델을 이용하여 작업롤의 수평력은 보강롤의 중심으로부터 작업롤의 중심이 벗어난 길이에 따라 변한다는 결과를 얻었다. 그리고 작업롤의 수평력을 최소화 시킬 수 있는 작업롤의 최적 중심이탈 길이를 도출하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.824-828
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• 2003

This paper explains problems of force-reflecting teleoperation grinding work and proposes some methods to solve those. For stable contact between robot tool(grindstone) and contact surface the mechanical impedance force control is used. The sliding phenomenon of grindstone has been appeared at the contact surface during the grinding work. The sliding problems caused by friction and rotation of grindstone are eliminated by using tangential direction sliding compensation control. The rotation force of grindstone makes the tool move to tangential direction along the surface suddenly even though an operator pushes the tool only in normal direction to the surface. Normal direction force control is applied for grinder not to roll and fracture on the grinding surface. Vibration problem of grindstone is decreased by second order low-pass filter. Therefore we can precise grinding work at the grinding surface and feel the reality

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.464-473
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• 2003

A method for force-free control is proposed to realize pull-out work by an industrial articulated robot arm. This method achieves not only non-gravity and non-friction motion of an articulated robot arm according to an exerted force but also reflects no change in the structure of the servo controller. Ideal performance of a pull-out work by the force-free control method was assured by means of simulation and experimental studies with a two-degree-of-freedom articulated robot arm.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2009

In this paper, a finite element model is presented for the prediction of roll force and strip thickness in a backup-roll-drive mill. The proposed FE model is focused mainly on analyzing the elastic/plastic behavior between a work roll and a strip as well as the rigid/plastic behavior between a backup roll and a work roll. The capability of the proposed model is demonstrated through application to 4-high silicon steel rolling mill at POSCO. Results show that the predicted roll force and strip thickness rolled accurately agree with the measured them. It is also illustrated that the proper position of work roll displaced to one side from the vertical centerline of the backup-roll may be determined by minimizing the horizontal force of work roll.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2005

Evaluation of repetitiveness for upper extremity intensive tasks is essential to determine the level of risk for upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders at the workplace. However, experimental data available to establish the acceptable levels of repetitiveness for various postures and forces is lacking. The present study examined the maximum acceptable frequencies(MAFs; motions/min.) of shoulder, elbow, wrist, and index finger motions at different forces(1kgf and 4kgf for shoulder, elbow, and wrist; 0.25kgf and 1 kgf for index finger) in sitting. Seventeen right-handed males in 20s without having any history musculoskeletal disorders participated in the MAF experiment. The participants determined their MAFs for the upper extremity motions by using the self-adjustment method and their work pulse(increase in heart rate; beats/min.) and rating of perceived exertion(RPE) were measured when working at MAF. The MAFs of elbow, wrist, and index finger motions for each force level were about 2, 3, and 6 times the corresponding MAF(9 at the high force and 24 at the low force) of shoulder motion and the MAFs at the low force increased about 2 times those at the high force. The work pulses of elbow, wrist, and index finger motions for each force level were 70%, 50%, and 30% of the corresponding work pulse(17 at the high force and 12 at the low force) of shoulder motion and the work pulses at the low force were about 70 % of those at the high force. Lastly, the RPEs of the upper extremity regions were about level 3(moderate) or below.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2007

This paper examines the intergenerational time transfers between married women and their co-residing elderly parents, and how they affect married women's labor force participation and work hour. The sample was drawn from the "2004 Time Use Survey" conducted by Korea National Statistical Office and the Heckman's 2-step model was estimated to examine these relationships. We find that women's caregiving time for their elderly parents reduces their likelihood of participating in the labor force. On the contrary, parental time transfers for married women increases the probability of their labor force participation. We find no evidence that the actual hours of paid work is related to the time transfers between married women and their elderly parents. In other words, after married women decide to participate in the labor force, their work hours are not affected by the time spent for parents and time gained from parents to them. Parental income is positively associated with the married women's labor force participation whereas husband's income is negatively related. The married women working in service occupation and earn salaries work longer hours than those employed as laborer and wage workers. Having older parents and owning the second home reduce working hours of married women.