• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.1015-1024
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is 1) to analyse the bending property of the fused fabric and each component of the fused fabrics. 2) to examine the effect of fusing temperature on the bending property of the fused interlining and fused fabrics. 3) to examine the changes of B/W, 2HB/W and TAV of the fused fabrics according to the types of face fabric, interlining, fusing temperature. Five types of wool fabric, four types of shingosen fabric and four types of interlining were used for this study. The fusing condition in this study were the three types of fusing temperature of 10$0^{\circ}C$, 12$0^{\circ}C$, 14$0^{\circ}C$, the pressure of 4 kgㆍf/$cm^2$, and pressing time of 12 seconds. The results obtained from this study were as follows. 1) The bending rigidities and hysteresis of fabrics after fusing were increased. The bending behavior of fused fabrics were governed by the bending behavior of face fabric and interlinings and $\alpha$$_{B}$ values. 2) The KES standardized basic values of B/W and 2HB/W were increased after fusing. The B/Ws of fused fabrics were mainly determined by the $\alpha$$_{B}$ values of interlinings. The 2HB/Ws of fused fabrics seemed to be controlled by the fusing temperature. 3) The changes of TAVs of wool fused fabrics differed from those of shingosen fused fabrics. As the $\alpha$$_{B}$ values of fabric were larger and fusing temperature were increased, the TAVs of wool fused fabrics were smaller though those of shingosen fused fabrics were larger. 4) The TAVs of fused fabrics were highly correlated with the B/Ws of fused fabrics. In the case of wool fused fabrics, the TAVs of fused fabrics were negativly correlated with the 2HB/Ws of wool fabrics and used interlinings.nings.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.155-164
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• 2001

Textile wet-processing industry usually five rise to environmental pollution problems caused by using chemical substance. The objective of this study is to apply enzymes for wool and reduce the environmental problems. Three commercial protein degradation enzymes and a cellulose degradation enzyme as a reference were treated to prevent the shrinkage of wool fabric on laundering. Shrink resistant effects used change with the kinds of enzyme, the amount of enzyme, assistant chemicals, and the pre-treatment condition of wool fabric. When pre-treated with corona before enzyme treatment under ultrasonic condition, the weight loss was increased and strength was decreased and elongation was increased. Both corona pre-treatment and the addition of $Na_2SO_4$ also decreased shrinkage of wool fabrics on laundering. The existence of assistant chemicals increased alkali solubility of wool fabrics.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.5 s.90
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• pp.22-29
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dyeability and antibacterial activity on wool fabric dyed with cochineal at variable dyeing conditions. Al, Cr, Fe, Cu and Sn were used as mordants and adsorption was compared with different mordanting methods. The optimum dyeing conditions of wool fabrics were dyeing concentration 2.0%(o.w.s), dyeing temperature $60^{\circ}C$, pH 3 and dyeing time 30 minutes. The pre-mordanting method was preferred for Al and Cr, and the post-mordanting one was preferred for Cu, Sn and Fe to achieve better dyeing. The optimum mordanting conditions of wool fabrics dyed with cochineal were mordanting concentration of 1%(o.w.s), mordanting temperature $60^{\circ}C$, and dyeing time 30 minutes. Wool fabrics dyed with cochineal showed a little antibacterial activity, but it was increased by Cu and Sn mordanting. The light fastness and perspiration fastness of wool fabric treated with cochineal were improved by mordanting.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2002

The surface fibers on the fabric is one of decisive factors which affects human sensory evaluation as well as heat and moisture transfer characteristics. In this study the length and distribution of surface fibers that are extruded from the fabric surface of the wool/wool blend fabrics (14 wool fabrics and 10 wool blend fabrics) and its contribution to subjective sensory evaluation were investigated. In order to quantify the length and distribution of surface fibers, image analysis and wavelet transform technique were introduced. Instant warm-cool feeling of touch, Q$\_$max/, and contact area were also measured and related to the quantified surface fibers. To figure out the effect of surface characteristics on sensory evaluation, human sensory responses to three adjectives which represent surface characteristics and warm-cool feeling of touch were obtained and analyzed. The relationship between the quantified surface fibers assessed by wavelet energy and both warm-cool reeling of touch, Qmax, and human sensory response were discussed.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2001

Wool fabrics were pre-treated with corona prior to treating with enzyme for shrinkage resistance. Commercial protease and cellulase were used for degradation of wool and the treatment conditions such as enzyme amount, treating time, and assistant chemicals. Friction coefficient and zeta-potential were measured to certificate an effect of treatment condition on the handle of wool fabric. Corona pretreatment make the wool fabric soft, which result in the decrease of friction coefficient and zeta-potential. Scale removal of wool surface was observed by scanning electron microscope. Amino acid analysis shows the effectiveness of enzyme, and corona pretreatment does not cause severe internal damage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-57
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• 1984

Effect on the hand value and mechanical properties of blend ratio and weight had been investigated Oil summer suits for men. Relation between the mechanical properties and the deformation in behavior was also studied. The mechanical properties which influence the hand values and total hand value had been discussed and the relation between mechanical properties, hand values and fabric count had, too. As result, the following conclusions had been obtained. 1) The values of tensile properties increased with the increase of blend ratio of wool. The values of surface properties increased according to the increase of blend ratio of polyester. 2HB(bending properties) of polyester/wool blend showed higher value than that of $100\%$ wool, but there was no change in the shearing properties according to the blend ratio. The values of stiffness, crispness and anti-drape stiffness of blend fabric showed higher values than those of $100\%$ wool fabric. The value of fullness (including softness) of blend fabric showed lower value than that of $100\%$ wool fabric. 2) The correlation between hand values and mechanical properties showed following order. in stiffness : bending properties>surface properties in crispness: surface properties>bending properties in anti-drape stiffness: bending properties>surface properties>shearing properties.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 2006

The effect of scouring, bleaching and dyeing on the low stress mechanical and surface properties of wool woven fabrics was studied. Fabric properties were measured by the KES-FB system. In general, mechanical properties of the treated fabrics are greatly affected by scouring, moderately by dyeing and least by bleaching.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1989

In order to investigate the mechanical properties such as tensile, bending, shearing, thickness and weight of the wool fabrics were measured by KES-F system. Samples were classified into blend ratio, weave type, fabric count. Blend ratio was classified into two groups, which are P/W blended fabric (p=63~65%, w=35~37%) and all wool fabric. Weave type was classified into four groups, which are plain, 3 harness twill, 4harness twill, satin. Cloth count was classified into three groups, which are loose, medium, tight. Statistical analysis was performed using T-test, F-test. The results were as follows; 1. There was significant difference in the thickness, tensile, bending, shearing according to the blend ratio. 2. According the weave, there was significant difference in the bending, weight and thickness in the P/W blended fabrics. There was significant difference in the tensile, weight, thickness, bending, shearing, shearing hysterisis (2HG) in the all wool fabrics. 3. There was significant difference in the shearing properties according to the fabric count.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1507-1515
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• 2004

Washable wool was developed using environmental-friendly spray UV-cure technique. Photocrosslinkable polymer, dextran-methacrylate, was synthesized starting from natural biopolymer, dextran. The aqueous solution of dextran-methacrylate was applied to wool fabric with various concentrations to find out the optimum condition in minimizing felting shrinkage. The wool fabric subsequently cured by 365 nm UV, The effects of UV-cure time and photoinitiator concentration on felting behavior of wool were examined. As the concentration of dextran-methacrylate increased, the felting shrinkage decreased gradually. At concentration 0.5g/ml, the felting shrinkage of wool was negligible. Other properties such as air permeability, moisture content, wrinkle recovery, thickness and wettability were also evaluated. The surface coating of dextran polymer onto wool fiber was identified by SEM.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.79-86
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to understand the dyeing properties and color analysis of fabrics knitted with ramie, cotton, wool and acrylic by using scoria and to analyze whether the knitted fabrics can be used for industrialization by measuring color fastness after and before sliver-nano process. The following is the conclusions. Firstly, when ramie fabric regarding cotton, wool and acrylic was dyed at the temperature of $50^{\circ}C$ for fifteen minutes by using 10, 25, 50, 100g/ $\ell$ of scoria, dyeing absorption gradually increased up to 50g/ $\ell$, and over the point of 50g/ $\ell$ it showed slow increase. Secondly, regarding saturation, among ramie fabric, wool, cotton and acrylic, wool appears as the lowest brightness. Therefore, it can be dyed with bright color and the highest value. In terms of the value of chromaticity, wool also emerges as the lowest brightness. On the contrary, acrylic showed the lightest red as it had the value of the smallest b. Cotton takes the lightest yellow as the b value of the cotton showed the smallest. Thus, scoria dyestuff is a material that showed strong red and yellow on knitted fabric mixed with wool that is the biggest a. b value. Thirdly, in terms of dyeing fastness, sunlight fastness did not show noticeable differences before and after silver-nano processes, but in terms of washing and friction fastness, the material processed by silver-nano indicated that all knitted fabrics are over 4-5 point. which means silver-nano process can be effective for the industrial applications. As mentioned above, as a result of dyeing knitted fabrics with scoria, this study found a possibility of dyeing in the fabric materials, and if there is deeper dyeing experiments, fastness experiments and speculations, it might be possible to be a big issue just like loess and charcoal.