• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2015

The advanced counties effort to the supplement of the zero energy buildings for the global building energy saving. In the middle of the development of passive technology, the government has to effort to the energy saving of buildings by enhanced performance of the window thermal insulation. By the method of enhanced performance of window thermal insulation, the use of vacuum double glazing saves the energy consumption in building. This glazing has low U-value(heat transmission coefficient) than normal double glazing. The vacuum glazing enhanced thermal insulation performance by vacuum space of between the glass and glass. For this vacuum glazing, pillar maintain the space between glass and glass. But this structure cause the raising the heat transmission coefficient in pillar approaching glass. This study confirmed the U-value by the test method of thermal resistance for windows and doors. Also this study confirmed the variation of heat transmission coefficient by the structure of vacuum glazing. And this study measured the surface temperature of the vacuum glazing about pillar approaching glass and vacuum space in cool chamber and hot box. That result, this study confirmed U-value of $0.422W/m^2{\cdot}K$ of vacuum glazing. Also this study confirmed U-value of $0.300{\sim}0.422W/m^2{\cdot}K$ by various the structure of vacuum glazing. And this study confirmed the heat flow in pillar approaching glass.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.295-300
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• 2011

In this paper, the pressure endurance test of passenger glass window which was developed for next high speed train was studied. At first, pressure test equipment which will be able to generate the maximum pressure same as crossing between two trainsets in the tunnel was developed. Afterwards the pressure test and evaluation that were based on NFF31-314 were studied and carried out.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.573-577
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• 2013

An external window directly affects the energy performance of its building. In modern well-insulated buildings, U-values for walls of 0.36 $W/m^2K$ or even lower can be realized. In such buildings, glazing with typical U-value of 2.1 $W/m^2K$ or higher creates thermal weak spots on the facade. The performance of the existing triple glass window has been limited to energy savings and condensation prevention. In this study, the performance of condensation prevention of a vacuum multi-layer glass was analyzed. The final conclusion through mock-up experiments is as follows. The surface temperature of the vacuum multi-layer glass was $2^{\circ}C$ higher, and the temperature difference ratio (TDR) was 0.07 lower, than the corresponding values of the triple glass.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2005

This research aimed to generate two points of daylighting application as follows: 1) providing daylight performance data with a variety of glazing materials for a large window and 2) designing and evaluating an experimental type of differentiated window. For this purpose, we compared the daylight and distribution performance of new defined type of window configuration to the conventional window counterpart with a variety of glazing materials. The comparison was made for a deep, south-facing perimeter zone with large window, without any interior obstruction. The conventional window is the base single homogeneous glass pane, where as the differentiated window uses of two different glazings; an upper daylight glazing with high visible transmission and lower view window with lower transmittal glass. The daylight performance data was translated into a ratio between outdoor illuminance and the interiors. The simulated analysis of the conventional window indicates that the interior light levels have been changed proportionally dependent on the transmittance of the applied glass. The comparison of daylight distribution analysis showed that the differentiated window has lots of photometric advantage by the optical function of upper daylight window. In particular, the contribution of higher daylight window into deep rear space must be stressed for daylighting application.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

The glass used for Mobile Camera Window is required to have high strength. Cell type manufacturing by means of CNC is widely used for camera window. Individual loading and unloading is needed for each process, such as painting and PVD, in cell type manufacturing. The purpose of this study is to search the enhanced manufacturing process with sheet type throughout bulk unit production in painting and PVD. This study includes sheet type manufacturing processes such as laser cutting, wet etching, 2nd tempering, printing, and AF/AR coating.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.300-311
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• 1997

A theoretical method was developed to analyze the effect of low-$\varepsilon$ coatings which have influence on thermal performance of vacuum windwo glazing and double pane glazing. The overall heat transfer coefficient(U) value and thermal performance were analyzed by theroretical method on various kins of windows. TRNSYS program was used to analyze total heating and cooling energy consumption on the model building which has various windows. As the result, better thermal insulation can be achieved on the vacuum window glazing than double pane glazing when low-$\varepsilon$ coating was done on the surface of glass. Total heating and cooling energy consumption was almost same on the double pane window glazing but was lessened on the vacuum window glazing when the window size of south direction increased. Therefore, low-$\varepsilon$ coating was very necessary for vacuum window glazing in order to improve thermal insulation performance and efficient energy conservation can be achieved by vacuum window glazing at the real building which has large window.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.103-110
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• 2000

The material world around human is normally composed of opaque one, with which human has made the spaces. The opaque material to make space has played a role to control the relationship among people and has produced socio-cultural things since the history started. The opening of opaque material(wall) connects one space with the other. Therefore, the meaning of opening is a connection among people who are in different spaces in terms of sociology. In conjunction with this, socio-cultural situation has been deployed differently. In the traditional european domestic space, the glass has been applied to this opening since they found the glass. It disconnects two spaces physically but connects them visually. Therefore, without blocking the opening visually, the glass became to protect people with their interior space from outside environment. The important thing is that the application of the glass in a building had been restricted because of opening size. However, after Industrial Revolution with the advanced technology of architecture, the glass came to be applied to the building and it became widen. So, the concept of glass window became to be the one of glass wall. This change made a transformation of visual character between two spaces which are separated with glass wall. This means that the glass wall gave two directional visibility while the glass window gave one directional visibility from inside to outside of space. This is because the amount of the natural light to the interior space increased due to widen glass in a space. This gave a change of visual authority and the space of surveillance(interior space) became to the one of communication. The space of surveillance, Michel Foucault mentioned in his book surveillance and punishment, is a very private one that is not visually permeable from the people outside, while the space of communication is a public one which needs other eyes. In the space of publicity, there needs a rationality, morality and ethics because of public surveillance and in the space of privacy, there restores a desire for sex and assaults.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.66-75
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• 1992

The performance of heat transfer through double pane window has been investigated using experimental and numerical methods. The range of the gap distance between glasses are 0.5-10 cm. The convection heat transfer plays the dominant role for the case of the wide gap distance together with the large Rayleigh number and thereby, reduces the enhanced thermal resistance due to the increased air gap, while the conduction heat transfer does the major role for the case of small gap distance. In order to enhance the thermal insulation of the double pane window, the heat transfer of triple pane window, which is constructed to put one more glass at the middle of the double pane, is investigated to check the reduction of the convection heat transfer together with the effect of the radiation shield due to the presence of the additional glass. Further, a spacer is installed at the middle height of the double pane, and the effect of which on the suppression of the convective heat transfer is analyzed carefully, using experimental and numerical methods. For the case of the spacer-installation, the amount of energy saving is considered about 10%, but the energy saving increases a lot to 30-50% for the case of triple pane window, due to the substantial radiation shield effect of the presence of the additional glass.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.1 s.25
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• pp.9-23
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• 2001

This study is for the Kyungduk-Dan(as a altar of Milsung-Daegun) and The Manun-Jae the characteristics(lay out and planning, window patterns, structure, materials) of the the Korean traditional house during the modern era. Before Manun-Jae was used for the house. The Kyungduck-Dan was constructed in August according to the Lunar Calender in 1927. The Manun-Jae(house for Ki-hun Kang, millionaire ) was completed in 1924. Modern Architectures brought to Korea with the bricks, the tiles, the flash doors, the plate grasses, the brass hardwares. These architectural material was used in positive. During the construction of Manun-Jae in 1924, it happened the architectural exchage among a korean, a chinese and a japanese constructor. Though using the air exhaust valve at the kitchen of Ukyung-Kak( old Anchae), it could be assume that the modern convenience and the improvement of residential environments was considered at that period during the construction of Manun-Jae. That construction was elected with the brick($222mm{\times}106mm{\times}50mm$), the chinese colored tile and plate glass such a modem materials. The new shape of the korean lattice window and the wooden flash-door with glass was used. In Ukyung-Kak, the Chan-Maru(service space) and the kitchen such as a service space or concise utility zone was organically connected. Especially, considered the domesitic activity and circulation, the western kitchen sink and the Chan-Maru(service space) was rationally placed. At the Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan, the architectural characteristic is that the new shape of windows was used. The lattice window at the Ondol room of Ukyung-Kak, was rgadually added the plate glass and the wood plate. The lattice window with the grid shape at kitchen of that building was adapted japanese grid lattice window in korea at that period. It is the sample that korean traditional house was typically influenced from the japanese resident culture. The Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan as the modern house kept the form of korean traditional architecture, and was partially adapted a modern characteristic space and modern architectural materials. During the japanese occupancy, these residence can be showed the transition in formally.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.108-115
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• 2010

Global warming and heat island make the outdoor air temperature ascend. Tall office buildings are covered with glass window facades as a design aspect and the portion of window area to facade area is increasing. Hence, cooling load for solar radiation passing through glass window is rising. Cooling air to a certain room is supplied equally despite the face of the room in most office buildings. Especially, the west part of the office cannot maintain the required temperature that occupant needs because of the solar heat coming through windows.?In this study, we projected the water spray system to reduce the solar heat transfer and to reflect the solar ray through windows. We perform the experiments to evaluate the performance of the solar heat protection devices. We measured the room temperature of two separated office rooms for solar heat control devices. The investigation's results show that the water spray system is sufficient to the coated glass and the venetian blinds for the decrease of the solar heat inflow.