• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.451-468
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• 2005

Effective beam width models are commonly used to obtain the lateral stiffness of flat plate structures. In these models, an effective beam width is defined as the width when the flexural stiffness of the beam element equals the slab stiffness. In this present study, a method to obtain effective beam widths that considers the effects of connection geometry and slab cracking is analytically proposed. The rectangularity of the vertical member for the connection geometry and the combined effects of creep and shrinkage for the slab cracking are considered. The results from the proposed method are compared with experimental results from a test structure having nine slab-column connections.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.235-242
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• 2020

This paper analyzes the effect of reduced output width of the truncated logarithmic multiplication and application to inferences using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). For small hardware overhead, output width is reduced in the truncated Mitchell multiplier, so that fractional bits in multiplication output are minimized in error-resilient applications. This analysis shows that when reducing output width in the truncated Mitchell multiplier, even though worst-case relative error increases, average relative error can be kept small. When adopting 8 fractional bits in multiplication output in the evaluations, there is no significant performance degradation in target CNNs compared to existing exact and original Mitchell multipliers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1999.08a
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• pp.438-446
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• 1999

Crop minimization of the top and bottom ends of hot rolled plate, in a plate, in a plate mill, has been investigated. The existing model to determine the edging pattern at the finishing rolling pass was not reasonable to get high width accuracy and rolling yields. New models including width prediction have been formulated by using neural network model of back propagation learning algorithm and statistical analysis based on the actual production rolling data to give the optimal pattern for minimizing trimming loss. Using these models, at a given rolling condition of broadside pass and finishing pass and the permissible condition of width variation, it was possible to minimize crip at the top and bottom ends according to optimum procedure in plate mill. An application to improve the plan view pattern reduced width variation by 23% and crop length by 30% on average with an effective fishtail crop shape.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1997.03a
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• pp.249-252
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• 1997

Mini-mill process which is one of the new steel making process to be able to produce the hot rolled strip by thin slab caster, was completed in the kwangyang steel work. The new process was constructed liquid core deduction, tandem reduction unit, induction heater, coil box and finishing mill to be varied width. Therefore, in oder to make sure of target strip width, analysis of actual plant data was done to fine out amount of width deviation. Finally, the predication system of width in the mini-mill process was developed to included temperature caculation model.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.48-54
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• 2000

Adaptive control in the robotic GMA(Gas Metal Arc) welding is employed to monitor information about weld characteristics and process parameters as well; as t modify those parameters to hold weld. The objectives of this paper are to realize the mapping characteristics of bead width through the neural network and multiple regression method as well as to select the most accurate model in order to control the weld quality(bead width0. The experimental results show that the proposed neural network estimator can predict bead width with reasonable accuracy, and guarantee the uniform weld quality.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.8 s.227
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• pp.1190-1195
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• 2004

A novel manipulation of microfluid width in a microchannel was presented by controlling inflation of a gas boundary. The gas boundary was formed by heating water with a microheater in a semicircular shape from a chamber which was connected symmetrically to the microchannel. The formed gas boundary inflated perpendicularly to the flow direction and, consequently, the microfluid width was narrowed. The inflation and contraction were flexibly like a virtual wall and dependent on two factors: one is the flow velocity of the microfluid and the other is the pressure inside the gas boundary. Dimensions of the chamber and the microchannel width were determined empirically as same of $300\;{\mu}m$ for stable operation. The width of microfluid was manipulated manually with the microheater and could be maintained as up to $22\;{\mu}m$. The stable focusing began to be distorted when the flow velocity exceeded 17.8 mm/s.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.416-416
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• 2011

태양전지의 고효율화를 위해, 생성된 전자와 전공을 전극에서 효과적으로 수집하는 방법에 대한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 태양전지 전면전극은 빛의 조사에 의해 생성된 전자를 수집하는 매체로써 finger width가 넓어질수록, 전자를 수집하기 쉬워진다. 하지만 finger width가 넓어짐에 따라, shadowing loss 증가에 의해 단락전류 밀도가 감소하여 태양전지 효율이 저하 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 스크린 프린팅에 의해 형성된 전면전극의 finger width를 기존의 $80{\mu}m$에서 $50{\mu}m$로 변경하고, double printing에 의해 finger height를 높이는 방법으로 태양전지의 효율을 향상 시키고자 하였다. 그 결과, 전극패턴 50에서는 전극패턴 80보다 0.47 단락전류밀도가 증가하였고, 효율(efficiency)은 0.16%가 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.344-345
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• 2012

The Gate-Induced-Drain-Leakage (GIDL) current with channel doping and width dependence are characterized. The GIDL currents are found to increase in MOSFETs with higher channel doping levels and the observed GIDL current is generated by the band-to-band-tunneling (BTBT) of electron through the reverse-biased channel-to-drain p-n junction. A BTBT model is used to fit the measured GIDL currents under different channel-doping levels. Good agreement is obtained between the modeled results and experimental data. The increase of the GIDL current at narrower widths in mainly caused by the stronger gate field at the edge of the shallow trench isolation (STI). As channel width decreases, a larger portion of the GIDL current is generated at the channel-isolation edge. Therefore, the stronger gate field at the channel-isolation edge causes the total unit-width GIDL current to increases for narrow-width devices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.391-391
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• 2011

Crystalline silicon solar cell을 양산에 적용하기 위해 전면 전극의 패턴을 형성하는 방법으로 Ag paste를 이용한 screen printing이 가장 일반적으로 사용된다. 전면 전극의 패턴 형성 시, Finger의 width와 spacing은 Fill factor, JSC, VOC 등 태양전지의 중요 parameter들과 관련되어, 효율에 영향을 미치기 때문에, printing 시 Finger width와 spacing을 최적화하여 최대한의 효율을 내는 조건을 찾는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 Finger width를 $30{\mu}m{\sim}100{\mu}m$, spacing을 $1.8{\mu}m{\sim}2.8{\mu}m$ 까지 가변하여 c-Si solar cell을 제작하였으며, 제작된 cell의 LIV를 측정을 통하여, 최적의 효율을 내는 조건을 찾고자 하였다. 그 결과 Finger width $30{\mu}m$, Finger spacing $1.8{\mu}m$의 조건에서 17.12%로 최고의 효율을 나타내었다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.110-119
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• 1994

Three dimensional characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer have been studied numerically around the latent heat storage vessel which was applied to the practical ice-storage system. The result obtained indicates that the value of frictional coefficient decreases with decrease of baffle width. For the baffle spacing. $S/H_D=9.375$, baffle height. $H/H_D=0.5$ and various pressure drop, average Nusselt numbers in heat transfer surface are much dependent on the width of side baffle and middle baffle. that is. Nu_m decreases with decrease of the width of middle baffle when the width of side baffle is 4.375, where as the optimum condition of side baffle for $Nu_m$ exists in the range of 3.5< $B_1/H_D$ <4.375 at the width of middle baffle, $B_2/H_D=6.875$.