• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2002년도 제9차 국제심포지움 및 추계정기학술발표회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2002

In higher dicotyledonous plants, the floral organs are arranged in four different whorls, containing sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. petals, stamens and carpels. The specification of floral organ identity is explained by the ABC model (Weigel and Meyerowitz 1994). Expression of an A-function gene specifies sepal formation in whorl 1. the combination of A-and B-function genes specifies the formation of petals in whorl 2, B-and C-function genes spesify stamen formation in whorl 3, and expression of the C-function alone determines the formation of carpels in whorl 4. A-. B-, C-function genes have been isolated from many plant species and most of them belong to the family of MADS-box genes encoding transcription factor. In contrast to the flower of higher dicots, the perianths of genseng plants have three whorls of almost identical petaloid organs. van Tunen et al. (1993) proposed a modified ABC model, exemplified with tulip. In this model, B-function genes are expressed in whorl 1 as well as whorl 2 and 3, theefore the organs of whorl 1 and whorl 2 have the same petaloid structure. They proposed this model with the molphological data of wild type and mutant flowers of tulip, however, there are no molecular data.(중략)

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2002년도 심포지엄
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• pp.98-98
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• 2002

In higher dicotyledonous plants, the floral organs are arranged in four different whorls, containing sepals, stamens and carpels. petals, stamens and carpels. The specification of floral organ identity is explained by the ABC model (Weigel and Meyerowitz 1994). expression of an A-function gene specifies sepal formation in whorl 1. the combination of A-and B-function genes specifies the formation of petals in whorl 2, B-and C-function genes spesify stamen formation in whorl 3, and expression of the C-function alone determines the formation of carpels in whorl 1. A-, B-, C-function genes have been isolated from many plant species and most of them belong to the family of MADS-box genes encoding transcription factor. In contrast to the flower of higher dicots, the perianths of genseng plants have three whorls of almost identical petaloid organs. van Tunen et al. (1993) proposed a modified ABC model, exemplified with tulip. In this model, B-function genes are expressed in whorl 1 as well as whorl 2 and 3, theefore the organs of whorl 1 and whorl 2 have the same petaloid structure. They proposed this model with the molphological data of wild type and mutant flowers of tulip, however, there are no molecular data. To date, B-function genes were isolated several grass plants, rice, wheat and maize. However, grass plants have highly derived flowers, without well-developed perianths. To find out how the ABC model has to be modified for the Genseng plants, we have cloned and characterized orthologs of A-, B-, C-function genes from genseng.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권5호통권162호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2005

This study was performed in a 38-year-old Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litvin) plantation in northeast China. Data were collected from 5 sample trees with different canopy position ranging in DBH from 14.6 cm to 23.8 cm. Sawn speciments that included the biggest knot were taken from the stem below the living crown. Number and distribution of knots per whorl below the living crown were studied by relative height below living crown (RHBC). A linear model expressed as function of whorl age (AGE), whorl height ($H_k$) and the stem diameter at which the whorl was located ($D_k$) was developed to predict the knot diameter and angle. The number of annual rings in four periods and the width of respective zone alone stem were used as dependant variables to analyze the knot develop phases. In average, the number of years from branch birth to ceased forming rings was 7.8, the branches remained alive for 4.2 years without forming annual rings, and branches were occluded 14.4 years after their death. These results can provide abundance branch and knot information so as to describe current and past tree growth dynamic of Mongolian pine plantation.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1988년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.628-631
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• 1988

This paper describes a fingerprint classification on the basis of feature points(whorl, core) and feature vector and uses a syntactic approach to identify the shape of flow line around the core. Fingerprint image is divided into 8 by 8 subregions and fingerprint region is separated from background. For each subregion of fingerprint region, the dominant ridge direction is obtained to use the slit window quantized in 8 direction and relaxation is performed to correct ridge direction code. Feature points(whorl, core, delta) are found from the ridge direction code. First classification procedure divides the types of fingerprint into 4 class based on whorl and cores. The shape of flow line around the core is obtained by tracing for the fingerprint which has one core or two core and is represented as string. If the string is acceptable by LR(1) parser, feature vector is obtained from feature points(whorl, core, delta) and the shape of flow line around the core. Feature vector is used hierarchically and linearly to classify fingerprint again. The experiment resulted in 97.3 percentages of sucessful classification for 71 fingerprint impressions.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권6_1호
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• pp.977-983
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• 2023

The tank uses a twin turbo diesel engine equipped with two turbocharger systems for high output. The main component of the turbocharger system is the turbine housing through which the exhaust flows. Turbine housing is manufactured through a sand casting process, taking into account the shape and material characteristics according to the environmental conditions in which it is used. Currently, turbine housing is imported, and local production is necessary. In this study, basic research was conducted to localize the turbine housing of a tank diesel turbo engine. Reverse engineering and finite element analysis of the imported turbine housing were performed. The prototype of the turbine housing was printed using FDM and PBF 3D printers. The prototype of the turbine housing printed with an FDM 3D printer has an overall appearance similar to 3D modeling, but the printed surface of the whorl part is rough. The prototype printed with the PBF 3D printer is completely identical to the 3D modeling, including the whorl part.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.297-304
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• 1985

Two Korean species of Centroceras K tzing, Ceramiaceae was investigated taxonomically. C. clavulatum (Ag.) Montagne collected at several sited along the coast of Korea was characterized by regular dischotomous branches with whorl spines at every node, whereas, C. distichum Okamura collected at Soando in the southern coast was by alternate branches with gland cells around nodes. Biogeographic data show that Korea is almost northern limit in distribution of the former species.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권5호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2008

This study was performed in 14 unthinned Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litvin) plantations in northeast China. Data were collected on 70 sample trees of different canopy position with diameter at breast height (DBH) ranging from 6.9 cm to 34.5 cm. Diameter and length of knots per whorl below the living crown were studied by different vertical levels divided by relative knot height (RHK) in this paper. Models taking DBH and height to the crown base (HCB) as independent variables were developed to predict knot diameter (KD) in a sample whorl. According to the vertical distribution tendency and range of sound knot length (KLsound), KLsound was modeled as multiple linear function of DBH, KD and relative knot height (RHK). The loose knot length (KLloose) was described as a function of DBH, KD and height above the ground for knots (HK) in a mixed log-linear model. Results from this study can provide abundant knot information so as to describe the knot size and vertical distribution tendency of Mongolian pine plantation.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.431-448
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• 2021

찰옥수수 재배기간 중에 조명나방의 발육태별 밀도 변화와 옥수수의 피해 양상, 유기합성살충제 처리 효과 조사를 통해 1세대 조명나방 유충에 대한 적절한 방제시기를 결정하였다. 수원 지방에서 2016년 4월 20일에 일미찰 옥수수를 파종하고 7월 26일(옥수수 호숙기)에 수확하였다. 성페로몬트랩 조사에서 1화기(월동세대) 성충은 5월 29일 최대발생 피크를, 5월 31일에 50% 누적 발생을 보였다. 1세대 조명나방 유충의 대부분은 찰옥수수 생식생장기 초기인 7월 초까지 발육하였다. 1세대 조명나방 유충은 먼저 말린 잎 안에서 가해하고 이후 수술과 줄기로 이동하여 가해하고, 마지막으로 줄기와 이삭으로 이동하여 가해하였다. 시기별로 살충제를 처리한 후 피해 억제 효과를 검정한 결과, 찰옥수수 9~11엽기(late whorl stage)(6월 10~17일)가 에토펜프록스 유제의 유효한 처리시기였고, 6~7엽기(mid-whorl stage)(6월 3일)가 카보퓨란 입제의 유효한 처리시기였다. 이 시기들은 두 살충제에 대해 성충 최대포획일 12~19일 후와 5일 후였고, 50% 누적발생일 기준으로는 2일씩 앞당겨졌다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.963-966
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• 1998

In this paper, a fingerprint classification algorithm is presented. Fingerprint types are classified into five categories: arch, tented arch, left loop, right loop and whorl. Singular points (cores and deltas) are detected using Poincare index on the directional image smoothed by adaptive window size. The method is shown to be robust to the variation of fingerprint image qualaity.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.211-212
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• 2009

One Iravadiid shell Iravadia (Fluviocingula) elegantula (A. Adams, 1861), from the brackish waters in Kangwon-do was recorded as new to the Korean molluscan fauna. The shell is typically solid and narrowely ovate-conic. The protoconch is small, planorboid to depressed dome-shaped, typically with a minute first whorl. Including the new records in this study, the family Iravadiidae contained 2 genera and 3 species in the Korean water.