• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.445-450
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of dietary lipid sources on growth performance and body composition of juvenile far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. Three replicate groups of fish (average weight 3.6 g) were fed with one of the following experimental diets containing 10% beef tallow (BT), 5% BT plus 5% corn oil (CO), 5% BT plus 5% linseed oil (LO), or 5% BT plus 5% squid liver oil (SO) as the lipid source for 5 weeks. No significant difference was observed in the survival among groups. The weight gain of fish fed the LO (high in 18:3n-3) and SO (high in n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid) diets was significantly higher than that of the fish fed the CO (high in 18:2n-6) and BT diets (P<0.05). The feed efficiency of fish fed LO and SO diets was significantly higher than that of the fish fed the BT diet (P<0.05), but not significantly different from that of the fish fed the CO diet. The protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the SO diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CO and BT diets (P<0.05), but not significantly different from that of fish fed the LO diet. The 18:1n-9 of whole-body polar lipid fraction in fish fed the BT diet increased compared to that of fish fed the other diets. Fish fed the CO and LO diets had significantly higher contents of 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6, and 18:3n-3, than the fish fed the other diets in polar and non-polar lipid fractions, respectively (P<0.05). Significantly higher contents of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were observed in the whole-body polar lipid fraction of fish fed the SO diet compared with fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). The study results indicate that linseed oil and squid liver oil containing n-3 fatty acids are good dietary lipid sources for the growth of far eastern catfish.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

본 연구는 어린 돌기해삼 Stichopus japonicus 사료의 적정 단백질과 지질 함량을 조사하기 위해 단백질(10%, 20%, 30% 및 40%)과 지질(3%, 7% 및 11%)이 달리 함유된 12 종류의 실험사료를 제조하였다. 평균 체중 1.1 g의 치삼을 각 수조마다 50마리씩 3반복으로 수용하여 8주간 수행하였다. 사육실험 종료 후, 생존율은 86% 이상으로 실험구간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 증중율과 일간성장율은 동일한 지질함량에서 단백질 30%에 지질 3% 함유 사료 공급구가 다른 실험구에 비해 유의하게 높은 값을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 치삼의 수분, 지질 및 회분 함량은 사료의 단백질과 지질함량에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 단백질함량은 실험구간에 유의한 차이를 보였으며(P<0.05), 단백질 30%에 지질 3% 함유 사료 공급구에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 단백질 20%에 지질 11% 공급구에서 가장 낮았다. 지방산 조성은 사료의 지방산에 영향을 받아 지질함량이 증가함에 따라 18:2n-6은 증가하였고 n-3HUFA는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로부터, 해삼의 최대 성장에 필요한 단백질함량은 30%이고, 지질함량은 3%로 판단된다.

• 환경생물
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.651-659
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• 2022

본 연구는 연어(Oncorhynchus keta) 치어의 성장, 생존 및 혈액 성상에 미치는 사육수온(8, 11, 14 및 17℃)의 영향을 연구하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험 종료 시 연어의 체중(body weight, BW)은 14℃ 실험구에서 가장 높았을 뿐 아니라, 특이성장률(specific growth rate, SGR), 사료전환 효율(feed conversion ratio, FCR), 사료효율(feed efficiency, FE), 증중률(weight gain, WG) 및 비만도(condition factor, CF)와 같은 성장지표에서도 14℃ 실험구가 가장 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 생존율(survival rate)은 8℃와 11℃ 실험구에서 100%를 보였고, 14℃ 실험구에서는 96% 및 17℃ 실험구에서는 98%를 각각 나타내었다. 혈장 성분 중 알라닌 아미노전이효소(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)는 17℃ 실험구에서 유의한 감소를 보였으나, 알부민(albumin), 총단백질(total protein, TP), 나트륨(sodium, Na⁺), 칼륨(potassium, K⁺) 및 염소(chloride, Cl^-)는 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 실험 종료 시 연어의 체성분 조사를 실시한 결과, 수분(moisture), 단백질(crude protein) 및 회분량(crude ash)은 수온에 따른 유의한 변화는 보이지 않았으나, 지질(crude lipid)은 다른 실험구에 비해 8℃ 실험구에서 유의하게 높은 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 연어 치어가 성장하는데 필요한 최적의 사육 수온은 14℃로 보이나, 혈액 성상 등 생리적인 영향은 향후 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the growth, feed utilization, body composition and tissue fatty acid profile of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated by adding various lipid sources including soybean oil (SO), eicosapentaenoic acid triglyceride (EPATG) and ethyl ester (EPAEE) forms, docosahexaenoic acid triglycerides (DHATG) and a 1:1 blend of soybean oil and DHATG. Triplicate groups of fish ($6.8{\pm}0.01g$) were fed one of the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Fish fed the DHATG diet had the highest growth, protein efficiency ratio and feed efficiency values which were significantly higher than those fed the SO and EPAEE diets. Whole body proximate composition and somatic parameters were not influenced by the dietary treatments. Muscle of fish fed with SO diets were rich in 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3, whereas those of fish fed with EPATG, EPAEE and DHATG diets were rich in n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). These findings indicated that the inclusion of n-3HUFA oils in olive flounder feed could be beneficial for the fish while simultaneously increasing the concentration of beneficial n-3HUFA in fish fillets destined for the human consumer.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.8.1-8.9
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• 2019

A 12-week feeding trial was designed to evaluate the effect of total replacement of fish oil (FO) with terrestrial alternative oils on growth, feed utilization, body composition, hematological parameters, and fillet fatty acid profile of mandarin fish juveniles. Four iso-nitrogenous (56% crude protein) and iso-lipidic (13% crude lipid) practical diets were formulated. A control diet contained 6% FO and three other experimental diets were prepared by replacing FO with linseed oil, soybean oil, and lard (designed as FO, LO, SO, and lard, respectively). Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of 25 fish ($1.8{\pm}0.03g/fish$) in a circular tank. Complete replacement of FO by three tested alternative oils had no remarkable impact on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, and morphological and hematological parameters of juvenile mandarin fish. However, daily feed intake was found to be significantly higher for fish fed the SO diet compared with those fed the FO and LO diets. Fish fed LO and SO diets exhibited significantly higher levels of the whole body lipid compared to fish fed diet containing FO. Fillet fatty acid composition reflected dietary fatty acid profile. The highest level of ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid was observed in fish fillet fed LO, SO, and lard, respectively. Although the eicosapentaenoic acid level of fish fillet fed diet FO was higher than other treatments, no significant difference was found in docosahexaenoic acid content among all dietary groups. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that the complete replacement of FO in mandarin fish diets is achievable. These findings are useful in dietary formulation to reduce feed costs without compromising mandarin fish growth.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.756-761
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• 2017

This study investigated the growth of juvenile mandarin fish Siniperca scherzeri, reared at high water temperatures. Feed-trained juvenile fish were reared at four water temperatures: 27, 29, 31, and $33^{\circ}C$. The fish were fed to apparent satiation twice daily using pelleted diet. After 10 weeks of feeding trial, the survival exceeded 98% in all groups. The weight gain of fish reared at $31^{\circ}C$ was higher than for fish reared at the other temperatures. The feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish reared at 29 and $31^{\circ}C$ were higher than for the fish reared at 27 and $33^{\circ}C$. The daily feed intake of fish reared at 27 and $33^{\circ}C$ was higher than for the 29 and $31^{\circ}C$ groups. The whole body moisture content of fish reared at $33^{\circ}C$ was higher than in the $27^{\circ}C$ group. The whole body crude protein and lipid contents of fish reared at $27^{\circ}C$ were higher than in the $33^{\circ}C$ group. The results indicate that suitable rearing water temperature was $31^{\circ}C$ for optimal growth and feed efficiency of juvenile mandarin fish under the experimental conditions.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2000

Body has been high-lightened as one of the most important theme since the philosophy and the arts are focused on it in the late 20 century. Resurgence of interests in human body has been based on the skepticism on rapid digitalization and do-materialization currently undergoing in electronic media environments. Artists have been endeavoring more and more to find a synthesis which links the conceptual and the sensuous in their works as digitalization gets faster and faster. The Bodily-oriented art uses its visceral qualities, either literally or metaphorically, to engage our total being, not just our mental consciousness, in building a sensuous, evocative statement. Its transcendent ideas are inter- mixed with the fabric of the world. We are touched by this art not only because we understand it cognitively, but because we "feel"it. These characteristics of textile arts caused gradual increase of soft-sculpture works using textiles and implies possibilities of inter-grade of physical and mental world. Ann Hamilton, Magdalena Abakanowiz, Folly Apfelbaum and Pallid Dougherty are, for example, related to the fiber arts. It would be of worth to study the characteristics of contemporary faber-art works, especially done by Abakanowiz who has been regarded as a dominant pioneer in the contemporary fiber arts from the viewpoint of inter-grade of the physicals and the mental. This paper, therefore, deals with the Abaknowiz′works in the context of human body and body-signs. Life and works might be classified into 5 stages; first, learning period since her birth in 1930, second, creation period of Abakan, third, remodelling period of Abakan, fourth, composition and dissolution period of Abakan and the last and fifth, new transformation period of Abakan. ′Abakan′through her whole life as an artist has been a plastic language and based ultimately on external human body but in various materials and forms.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.161-192
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• 2000

Body has been high-lightened as one of the most important theme since the philosophy and the arts are focused on it in the late 20th century. It would be of worth to study the characteristics of contemporary fiber-art works, especially done by Abakanowiz who has been regarded as a dominant pioneer in the contemporary fiber-arts from the viewpoint of inter-grade of the physicals and the mental. This paper, therefore, deals with the Abaknowiz' works in the context of human body and body-signs. Life and works might be classified into 5 stages: first, learning period since her birth in 1930, second, creation period of Abakans, third, remodelling period of Abakans, fourth, composition and dissolution period of Abakans and the last and fifth, new transformation period of Abakans. 'Abakans' through her whole life as an artist have been a plastic language and based ultimately on external human body but in various materials and forms. Abakan as a human-sign uses the past experiences and the texts of the other world in mixed and overlapped forms. Life-size Abakans by Abaknowiz can be easily understood as Abakanowiz herself and her Polish ancestor at the same time. The neuter Abakans with mashed face and obscure body is a expressive figure of coexisting world with opposite concepts like war and ideology, anxiety and freedom, man and woman, and etc. Human body as body-sign is an extensive image has existed since our forefathers and overlapped with the inter textual and the popular images. 'Abakans' that is our world and inner-self at the same time might be a window through which she tries to show what the world is.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.74-75
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of several additives(macroalgae, wasabi, and herb) in formulated diets on the growth, body composition, blood chemistry and non-specific immune response of juvenile flounder. Three replicates of juveniles (average weight 8.4 g) in flow-through aquarium system were fed one of six isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (8%) diets containing 5 and 10% Undaria powder, 2% wasabi leaf, 2% wasabi stem, and 0.5% herb (Obosan) for 8 weeks. Survival was not affected by the different dietary additives (P>0.05). The highest weight gain and feed efficiency offish fed the diet containing 0.5% herb were significantly higher than those of fish fed the diets containing 10% Undaria powder (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in contents of moisture, crude protein, lipid and ash of whole body (P>0.05). Fish fed the diet containing 10% Undaria powder showed the highest moisture and the lowest crude lipid contents in the liver. Although hematological parameters (red blood cell, hematocrit and hemoglobin) and serum constituents (glucose, total cholesterol and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase) contents of fish varied between treatments, no specific trend was observed throughout feeding periods. Lysozyme activity in the serum and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction of macrophage in the head kidney from fish fed the diets containing herb was significantly higher than those of fish fed the control diet. The results of this study suggest that herb as an additive in this formulated diet may improve growth and non-specific immune response of juvenile flounder.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.267-271
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• 2005

A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effect of various fish meals as dietary protein source on growth, feed utilization and body composition of Juvenile flounder. Ten experimental diets were prepared to contain different fish meals: 4 kinds of white fish meal (WM-1, 2, 3, 4), 3 kinds of herring meal (HM-1, 2, 3), mackerel meal (MM), WM mixture and HM+MM mixture. Dietary energy and protein levels were designed to be isocaloric ($3.8 kcal g^{-1}diet$) and isonitrogenous ($46\%$) by adjusting the levels of fish meal, wheat flour and squid liver oil. Three replicate groups of fish (initial mean weight: 11.1 g) were hand-fed to visual satiety two times daily for 7 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among all groups. Weight gain of fish fed the HM-1 and HM-3 diets was the highest, but not significantly different from that of fish fed the either WM-2 or HM+MM diets. The lowest weight gain was found in fish fed the W-1 and WM-3 diets. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the WM-2, HM-1, HH-3, MM and HM+MM diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed other diets. Daily feed intake of fish fed the WM-3 diet was highest, but not significantly different from that oi fish fed the either WM-4 or WMM diet. Significant differences were found in contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash of whole body of fish. The results of this study indicated that growth of flounder can be affected by dietary fish meal source and quality, and WM-2, HM-1, HM-3 and HM+MM mixture are considered as useful dietary fish meal sources under these experimental conditions.