Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2019.0049

Effect of Different Dietary Composition of Linoleic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid on the Growth and Fatty Acid Profile of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus  

Kim, Esther (Department of Marine Biotechnology Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Lee, Sang-Min (Department of Marine Biotechnology Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.52, no.1, 2019 , pp. 49-58 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the growth, feed utilization, body composition and tissue fatty acid profile of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated by adding various lipid sources including soybean oil (SO), eicosapentaenoic acid triglyceride (EPATG) and ethyl ester (EPAEE) forms, docosahexaenoic acid triglycerides (DHATG) and a 1:1 blend of soybean oil and DHATG. Triplicate groups of fish ($6.8{\pm}0.01g$) were fed one of the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Fish fed the DHATG diet had the highest growth, protein efficiency ratio and feed efficiency values which were significantly higher than those fed the SO and EPAEE diets. Whole body proximate composition and somatic parameters were not influenced by the dietary treatments. Muscle of fish fed with SO diets were rich in 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3, whereas those of fish fed with EPATG, EPAEE and DHATG diets were rich in n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). These findings indicated that the inclusion of n-3HUFA oils in olive flounder feed could be beneficial for the fish while simultaneously increasing the concentration of beneficial n-3HUFA in fish fillets destined for the human consumer.
Keywords
Paralichthys olivaceus; Flounder; Lipid; Fatty acid;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Webster CD and Lovell RT. 1990. Response of striped bass larvae fed brine shrimp from different sources containing different fatty acid compositions. Aquaculture 90, 49-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90282-R.   DOI
2 Yasuhiro A and Keiichi N. 2002. Regiospecific distribution of highly unsaturated fatty acids in triacylglycerols of Artemia nauplii enriched with marine dols. J Oleo Sci 51, 615-620.   DOI
3 Yoon JG. 1993. Extraction of EPA and DHA from tuna oil using supercritical carbon dioxide. Korean J Food Sci Technol 25, 288-294.
4 Grundy SM. 1986. Comparison of monounsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrates for lowering plasma cholesterol. N Engl J Med 314, 2855-2856.   DOI
5 Ibeas C, Cejas J, Gomez T, Jerez S and Lorenze A. 1996. Influence of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids levels on juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) growth and tis\-sue fatty acid composition. Aquaculture 142, 221-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(96)01251-3.   DOI
6 Jee BY, Shin KW, Lee DW, Kim YJ and Lee MK. 2014. Monitoring of the mortalities and medications in the inland farms of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, in South Korea. J Fish Pathol 27, 77-83. https://doi.org/10.7847/jfp.2014.27.1.077.   DOI
7 Jiankang W, Erick RS, Jaroslay K and Fereidoon S. 2010. Effect of chemical randomization on positional distribution and stability of omega-3 oil triacylglycerol. J Agri Food Chem 58, 8842-8847.   DOI
8 Kalogeropoulos N, Alexis MN and Henderson RJ. 1992. Effects of dietary soybean and cod-liver oil levels on growth and body composition of gilthead bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture 104, 293-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90211-3.   DOI
9 Kanazawa A. 1985. Essential fatty acid and lipid requirement of fish. In: C. B. Cowey, A. M. Mackie and J.G. Bell (Eds), Nutrition and Feeding in Fish, Academic Press. New York, NY, U.S.A., 281-298.
10 Kikuchi K, Furuta T, Iwata N, Onuki K, Noguchi T and Sugita H. 2011. Effect of dietary fatty acid composition on the growth of the tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes. Fish Sci 77, 829-837. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-011-0393-0.   DOI
11 Kim DK, Kim KD, Seo JY and SM Lee. 2012. Effects of dietary lipid source and level on growth performance, blood parameters and flesh quality of sub-adult olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 25, 869-879. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.11470.   DOI
12 Kim KD, Lee SM, Park HG, Bai SC and Lee YH. 2002. Essentiality of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. J World Aquacult Soc 33, 432-440. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2002.tb00022.x.   DOI
13 Kim KD and Lee SM. 2004. Requirement of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids for juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture 229, 315-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00356-9.   DOI
14 Kim IO and Lee SM. 2005. Effects of the dietary protein and lipid levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. Aquaculture 243, 323-329. https://doi.org/j.aquaculture.2004.11.003.   DOI
15 Kim IO and Lee SM. 2016. Influences of different dietary lipid sources on the growth, body composition, and fatty acid profiles of juvenile fancy carp, Cyprinus carpio var. koi. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49, 317-322. https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2016.0317.   DOI
16 Kim KD, Kim JD, Lim SG, Kang YJ and Son MH. 2010. Effects of dietary lipid sources on the growth and body composition of the far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 43, 445-450.   DOI
17 Koizumi K and Hiratsuka S. 2009. Fatty acid compositions in muscles of wild and cultured ocellate puffer Takifugu rubripes. Fish Sci 75, 1323-1328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-009-0151-8.   DOI
18 Lee SM. 2001. Review of the lipid and essential fatty acid requirements of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquac Res 32, 8-17. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1355-557x.2001.00047.x.   DOI
19 Lee SM, Lee JH and Kim KD. 2003. Effect of dietary essential fatty acids on growth, body composition and blood chemistry of juvenile starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus). Aquaculture 225, 269-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00295-3.   DOI
20 Lee SM and Kim KD. 2009. Effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth and body composition of juvenile and grower rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. Aqua Res 40, 1830-1837. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02288.x.   DOI
21 Lee SM and Lim TJ. 2005. Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth and lipid composition of juvenile snail Semisulcospira gottschei. J Shell Res 24, 99-102. https://doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2005)24[99:EODPAE]2.0.CO;2.   DOI
22 Lochman RT and Gatlin DM. 1993. Essential fatty acid requirement of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Fish Physiol Biochem 12, 221-235.   DOI
23 Lunt DK and Smith SB. 1991. Wagyu beefs holds profit potential for U.S. feed lot. Feedstuffs 19, 18-26.
24 Mourente G, Dick JR, Bell JG and Tocher DR. 2005. Effect of partial substitution of dietary fish oil by vegetable oil on desaturation and ${\beta}$-oxidation of [1-$^{14}C$]18:3n-3 (LNA) and [1-$^{14}C$]20:5n-3 (EPA) in hepatocytes and enterocytes of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Aquaculture 248, 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.04.023.   DOI
25 Mourente G and Tocher DR. 1992. Effects of weaning onto a pelleted diet on docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) levels in brain of developing turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Aquaculture 105, 363- 377. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90100-Y.   DOI
26 Mourente G, Tocher DR and Sargent JR. 1991. Specific accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) in brain lipids during development of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. Lipids 26, 871-877.   DOI
27 Arne N, Louise B, William EC and Lauren H. 1991. Absorption of the n-3 eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids as ethyl esters and triglycerides by humans. Am J Clin Nutr 53,1185-1190. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/53.5.1185.   DOI
28 Mugrditchian DS, Hardy RW and Iwaoka WT. 1981. Linseed oil and animal fat as alternative lipid sources in dry diets for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Aquaculture 25, 161-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(81)90178-2.   DOI
29 Aminikhoei Z, Choi J, Lee SM and Kim KD. 2013. Effects of different dietary lipid sources on growth performance, fatty acid composition and antioxidant enzyme activity of juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. J World Aquacult Soc 44, 716-725. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12070.   DOI
30 AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 1995. Official methods of analysis of the association 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists Arlington, VA, U.S.A.
31 Aksoy MY, Lim C, Shelby R and Klesius PH. 2009. Increasing fish oil levels in commercial diets influences hematological and immunological responses of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. J World Aquacult Soc 40, 76-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2008.00228.x.   DOI
32 Piedecausa MA, Mazon MJ, Garcia Garcia B and Hernandez MD. 2007. Effects of total replacement of fish oil by vegetable oils in the diets of sharp snout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo). Aquaculture 263, 211-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.09.039.   DOI
33 Navarro JC, Hontoria F, Varo I and Amat F. 1988. Effect of alternate feeding with a poor longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid Artemia strain and a rich one for sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and prawn (Penaeus kerathurus) larvae. Aquaculture 74, 307-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90375-4.   DOI
34 Ng WK, Lim PK and Boey PL. 2003. Dietary lipid and palm oil source affects growth, fatty acid composition and muscle a-tocopherol concentration of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Aquaculture 215, 229-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00067-4.   DOI
35 Pham MA, Byun HG, Kim KD and Lee SM. 2014. Effects of dietary carotenoid source and level on growth, skin pigmentation, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture 431, 65-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.04.019.   DOI
36 Rahimnejad S, Bang IC, Park JY, Sade A, Choi J and Lee SM. 2015. Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile hybrid grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus $\times$ E. lanceolatus. Aquaculture 446, 283-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.05.019.   DOI
37 Bell MV, Batty RS, Dick JR, Fretwell K, Navarro JC and Sargent JR. 1995. Dietary deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid impairs vision at low light intensities in juvenile herring (Clupea harengus L.). Lipids 30, 443-449. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536303.   DOI
38 Rodriguez C, Perez JA, Diaz M, Izquierdo MS, Fernandez- Palacios H and Lorenzo A. 1997. Influence of the DHA/EPA ratio in rotifers on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) larval development. Aquaculture 150, 77- 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01472-X.   DOI
39 Bae JY, Han KM, Park GJ and Bai SC. 2004. Studies on requirements of optimum dietary essential fatty acids in juvenile eel, Anguilla japonica. J Aquaculture 17, 275-281.
40 Beamish FWH and Medland TE. 1986. Protein sparing effects in large rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Aquaculture 55, 35-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(86)90053-0.   DOI
41 Duncan DB. 1955. Multiple-range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11, 1-42. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3001478.   DOI
42 Bell JG, McGhee F, Campbell PJ and Sargent JR. 2003. Rapeseed oil as an alternative to marine fish oil in diets of postsmolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar: changes in flesh fatty acid composition and effectiveness of subsequent fish oil "wash out". Aquaculture 218, 515-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00462-3.   DOI
43 Bowden LA, Weitzel B, Ashton IP, Secombes CJ, Restall CJ, Walton TJ, Bell JG, Henderson RJ, Tocher DR and Sargent JR. 2004. Replacement of dietary fish oil with increasing levels of linseed oil: modification of flesh fatty acid compositions in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar using a fish oil finishing diet. Lipids 39, 223-232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-004-1223-5.   DOI
44 De Silva SS, Gunasekera RM and Shim KF. 1991. Interactions of varying dietary protein and lipid levels in young red tilapia: evidence of protein sparing. Aquaculture 95, 305-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90096-P.   DOI
45 Folch J, Lees M and Stanley GHS. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226, 497-509.   DOI
46 Takeuchi T and Watanabe T. 1979. Effect of excess amounts of essential fatty acids on growth of rainbow trout. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 45, 1517-1519.   DOI
47 Ruyter B, Rosjo C, Einen O and Thomassen MS. 2000. Essential fatty acids in Atlantic salmon: Effects of increasing dietary doses of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on growth, survival and fatty acid composition of liver, blood and carcass. Aquacult Nutr 6, 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095-2000.00137.x.   DOI
48 Satoh S, Poe WE and Wilson RP. 1989. Effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on weight gain and liver polar lipid fatty acid composition of fingerling channel catfish. J Nutr 119, 23-28. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/119.1.23.   DOI
49 Stickney RR and Andrews JW. 1972. Effect of dietary lipids on growth, food conversion, lipid and fatty acid composition of channel catfish. J Nutr 102, 249-258. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/102.2.249.   DOI
50 Fonseca-Madrigal J, Karalazos V, Campbell PJ, Bell JG and Tocher DR. 2005. Influence of dietary palm oil on growth, tissue fatty acid compositions, and fatty acid metabolism in liver and intestine in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquacult Nutr 11, 241-250. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2005.00346.x.   DOI
51 Watanabe T, Izquierdo MS, Takeuchi T, Satoh S and Kitajima C. 1989b. Comparison between eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in terms of essential fatty acid efficacy in larval red seabream. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 55, 1635-1640. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.55.1635.   DOI
52 Takeuchi T, Toyota M, Satoh S and Watanabe T. 1990. Requirement of juvenile red seabream Pagrus major for eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Bull Jap Soc Sci Fish 56, 1263-1269. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.56.1263.   DOI
53 Watanabe T. 1993. Importance of docosahexaenoic acid in marine larval fish. J World Aquac Soc 24, 152-161. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1993.tb00004.x.   DOI
54 Watanabe T, Takeuchi T, Arakawa T, Imaizumi K, Sekiya S and Kitajima C. 1989a. Requirement of juvenile striped jack Longirostris delicatissimus for n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 55, 1111-1117. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.55.1111.   DOI
55 Gatlin DM and Stickney RR. 1982. Fall-winter growth of young channel catfish in response to quantity and source of dietary lipid. Amer Fish Soc 111, 90-93. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1982)111<90:FGOYCC>2.0.CO;2.   DOI
56 Furuita H, Konishi K and Takeuchi T. 1999. Effects of different levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in Artemia nauplii on growth, survival and salinity tolerance of larvae of the Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture 170, 59-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00386-x.   DOI
57 Furuita H, Tanaka H, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki N and Takeuchi T. 2002. Effects of high levels of n-3 HUFA in broodstock diet on egg quality and egg fatty acid composition of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture 210, 323-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00855-9.   DOI
58 Gatesoupe FJ, Leger C, Boudon M, Metailler R and Luquet P. 1977. Lipid feeding of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.): 2. Influence on growth of supplementation with methyl esters of linolenic acid and fatty acids of the w 9 series. Ann Hydrobiol 8, 247- 254.
59 Geurden I, Coutteau P and Sorgeloos P. 1997. Effect of a dietary phospholipid supplementation on growth and fatty acid composition of European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L. and turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. juveniles from weaning onwards. Fish Phy Biochem 16, 259-272.   DOI
60 Greene DH and Selivonchick DP. 1990. Effects of dietary vegetable, animal and marine lipids on muscle lipid and hematology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 89, 165-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90308-A.   DOI