• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.121-141
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• 2017

The world whitening cosmetics market is fast being taken in 'complex functional cosmetics' including complex function. And highly functional cosmetics market that call cosmeceutical market is growing up with highly functional cosmetics market. In addition, natural cosmetics market including whitening function is growing up in the world in complex functional cosmetics. Distribution channel of the world functional cosmetics is digital communication through beauty and digital. Global companies are adding relationship in new space between customer and brand. So worldwide change phenomenon of whitening cosmetics distribution channel will suggest importance that it should be able to communication with customer in non-traditional space. Domestic whitening cosmetics market is decreasing to reference compound annual growth rate -3.61%. While complex type market is increasing to annual growth rate 33.28%. Since 2008, domestic whitening cosmetics market was changed in distribution channel of center of traditional door-to-door sales. Especially, online channel is about 1/6 level of offline, but since 2014, year-on-year increase rate of online showed 27.1%. In the future, it is anticipated that ratio of online sales is above offline. Whitening cosmetics distribution is being changed, and online channel is growing up, so domestic companies will need tragedy targeting new whitening cosmetics distribution channel and traditional offline channel at the same time. If new company go into whitening cosmetics market, the new company will have to consider natural cosmetics in complex functional cosmetics than whitening cosmetics market. To secure domestic competitiveness whitening cosmetics market, securing differentiation of brand or pursuing change of distribution channel, and we need to seek a method that company and customer can forge communication in new space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.4 no.4 s.10
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• pp.42-55
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• 2006

The Purpose of this study is to offer basic data for Whitening Cosmetics by investigating the Purchasing condition and Satisfaction in the Use of Whitening Cosmetics. The questionnaire was administered to 350 women in the Daejeon, Chungnam-do, Chungbuk-do and Daegu areas. The date was analysed by percentage, $X^2-test$ and frequency. The result of the survey can be summarized as follows: the importance of the development of functional cosmetics has increased, and among these it is possible to reaffirm the importance of whitening cosmetics. Furthermore, it can be seen that functional cosmetics are being used as a means of increasing opportunities for personal expression as a result of improved confidence and satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2023

Red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetable worldwide. In this study, we tried to suggest the possibility of Cheongyang pepper as a functional cosmetic material by identifying the physiological activity, especially antioxidant and whitening effects of Cheongyang pepper through bibliometric analysis and experimental studies. A bibliometric analysis was performed through co-word analysis of 8,892 papers retrieved from SCOPUS. 4 research fields were obtained by cluster mapping from VOSviewer software, among which we noted the antioxidant activity of extracts from Capsicum annum L.. Phenol as a useful ingredient of Cheongyang pepper was analyzed using HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). Antioxidant and whitening effects were evaluated by measuring DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Cheongyang pepper extract showed contents of 0.106 ± 0.01 and 0.105 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, in the order of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid. The extract exhibited 56.95% DPPH scavenging activity and 43.97% hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/ml. In addition, 1,000 ㎍/ml of the extract inhibited tyrosinase activity by 52.44% and 42.61%, respectively in a whitening efficacy test using L-tyrosine and L-DOPA (L-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine) as substrates. These results suggest that Cheongyang pepper extract and its active ingredients have antioxidant and whitening effects, and the possibility of future development as a whitening functional cosmetic material.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.117-126
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• 2007

Cosmetics have mild activity on the human body, and intended to be used for cleaning, beautifying the human body, and also keeping healthy skin or hair, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance. Functional cosmetics, in other words cosmeceuticals, are restricted for following functions: 1) Whiten the skin tone by preventing deposition of melanin pigmentation or lightening of the color of melanin of skin, 2) alleviate or improve wrinkles of the skin, and 3) protect the skin from the ultra violet rays from the sun. According to the functions of the functional cosmetics, skin whitening products, anti-wrinkle products, and suntan & sunscreen products are manufactured. In order to manufacture and import the functional cosmetics in Korea, the approval process in KFDA is necessary. The review process in KFDA is performed based on The Korea Food and Drug Administration Notification 2007-44, "The Regulation of Reviewing the Functional Cosmetics" (June 29, 2007). Only after the approval of KFDA, functional cosmetics are allowed to advertise to the consumers for their functionality.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2020

This study evaluated the Skin Whitening effects of 'fermented-C.' for Atrium cosmetics using a single-arm clinical trial. Twenty female adults (mean age 42.1 ± 6.6 year) were enrolled, all participants used this cosmetic product on their face for 4 weeks. The change of brightness (L-value) was measured by spectrophotometer while subjective assessments were also obtained to find the participants opinions on whitening and their general satisfaction measured by a 5-point scale (5 for very satisfactory, 5 for satisfactory, 3 for moderate, 2 for unsatisfactory, 1 for very unsatisfactory). The participants were also questioned about any adverse effects by filling out a self-monitoring report. The average L-value increased from 62.55 ± 2.14 on day 0 to 63.22 ± 1.96 after 4 weeks corresponding to a 1.1% brightness improvement (p < 0.01). The average scores for subjective whitening and general satisfaction were better than moderate with scores of 3.6 ± 0.5 and 3.7 ± 0.7, respectively. No notable complaints were reported regarding any kind of adverse effects such as erythema, itching or burning. The clinical data collected in this study supports that fermented-C. from Atrium cosmetics has whitening potential in a safe Functional Cosmetics package.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.142-146
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• 2024

There is growing interest in natural cosmetic ingredients as natural cosmetics become popular. As a part of effort to look for natureal cosmetic agent, seaweed Sargassums were tested for functional cosmetic agents. Effective materials were extracted from Sargassum coreanum. Sargassum hemiphyllum, and Sargassum patens by simple hot water extraction. Antioxidation, whitening, anti-wrinkle, UV absorption and anti-inflammation effects were studied for functional cosmetic agents. Sargassum extracts indicated excellent cell viability, strong anti-oxidation effect by DPPH radical scavenging activity and showed significant whitening effect from tyrosinase inhibition. However, effects of antiwrinkle, UV absorption and anti-inflammation were negligible. In conclusion, Sargassum coreanum extracts showed good possibility for anti-oxidation and whitening cosmetic agent.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.277-282
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• 2022

Whitening effect of the extract of Phaseolus angularis (PA) shell was investigated for its potential application as a functional ingredient for cosmetic products. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to whitening, was 76.4% at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/ml. Cell viability of melanoma cells was measured to test toxicity of the PA shell extract at concentrations showing at least 90% viability. In addition, western blot and RT-PCR assays of the PA shell extract showed concentration-dependent decreases of MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2 and tyrosinase protein and inhibitory effect of mRNA expression. These findings suggested that extract from PA shell has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with whitening effect.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.308-315
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the effects of egg shell membrane hydrolysates (ESMH) on skin whitening, wound healing, and UV-protection. ESMH was divided into three groups by molecular weight (Fraction I: above 10 kDa of ESMH, Fraction II: 3 kDa-10 kDa of ESMH, Fraction III: below 3 kDa of ESMH). As a result, all of ESMHs showed over 90% of protein contents. The wound healing experiment using HaCaT cells showed that the fraction I was slightly superior to other fractions depending on the concentration though it was not significantly different. In the experiments of inhibition of tyrosinase and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) oxidation to verify the L-DOPA whitening effect, the whole ESMH (before fractioning) showed a similar amount of inhibition effect with arbutin (control). In the inhibition of melanin formation in B16-F1 melanoma cells, the fraction I showed a high inhibitory effect. In the experiment for protecting the skin from ultraviolet rays using HaCaT cells, all the fractions showed a higher rate of cell viability than the control. In conclusion, this study confirmed that the cosmetic effects of ESMHs such as skin whitening, wound healing, and UV-protection, which were divided depending on the molecule weight. We could confirm that the possibility of ESMHs as a material for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.76-81
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• 2011

This study was carried out in order to develop a speciality functional coated paper, which can be recognized under a ultraviolet lamp. The special fluorescent whitening agent (FWA) which absorbs ultraviolet light (397~410 nm) and emits it as yellowish light (570~500nm) was used. The special FWA was applied in a coating color in two ways: (1) direct application to a coating color as a FWA; (2) application on pigment surface, drying it and application it as a fluorescence whitening pigments (colored pigments). The effects of the special FWA on coating color properties were tested and the distribution of colored pigments in coated paper was evaluated under a ultraviolet lamp. The results showed that the colored pigments didn't affect on coating color properties. Experimental results showed the possibility of producing a security coated paper using the special FWA. To produce a speciality functional paper, it was found to be proper to apply the special FWA in the form of colored pigment.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.294.2-295
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• 2003

Gentisic acid, a skin-whitening agent, is known to possess tyrosinase inhibition activity. In order to develop an effective skin-whitening agent, hydroquinone derivatives in which the carboxylic acid moiety of gentisic acid was replaced with various functional groups, were selected and evaluated for their ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity as well as to inhibit melanin release. (omitted)