• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.102-102
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• 2018

Protaetia Brevitarsis Seulensis(white grub) has been traditionally used as medicinal stuff to treat blood stasis, occlusion of menstruation, tetanus and liver cancer in Asian countries (Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, India and Myanmar). Especially, Donguibogam, which is traditional korean medicinal book, described the white grub as traditional medicine to treat hepatic diseases and vascular disorders. The white grub has been considered as highly nutritional food. The major constituents of white grub are rich in protein, healthy fats, iron, calcium. Recent studies announced that white grub has hepatoprotective effect and anti-microbacterial effect. However, the immuno-enhancing effect of white grub extracts in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells has not been studied yet. In this study, the various concentrations of white grub extract were examined to find immuno-enhancing effects on RAW 264.7 cells. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay and immuno-enhancing effect of white grub extract was investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production compared with only lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. White grub extracts (0.001 - 10 mg/ml) did not show cytotoxicity. Additionally, white grub extracts (0.001 - 1mg/ml) had Immuno-enhancing effect on RAW 264.7 cells compared with only LPS treated group. These results might be provided proof to develop beneficial immuno-enhancing material for human health.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2017

Parasitic leeches could directly (through causing poor growth, anemia and wound in the fish) and indirectly (by predisposition of the fish to secondary bacterial and fungal infections) affects their hosts. In the present study, fishes that were attacked by leeches in natural and experimental environment were studied. Pathologic samples were obtained from damages at the site of leech bite, as well as kidney and liver of the fish. Histopathological examination revealed numerous lesions at the site of leech bite including tissue demolition, detachment at the site of leech bite in the epidermis of epithelial tissue in the skin, destructed nucleus in epithelial cells of the skin plus necrosis in the damaged skin and weak inflammatory penetration to acute necrotic damages along with piercing dermis layer. Pathologic lesions in the kidney included some changes such as proliferation by increasing glomerular cells and membrane cells in capillary vein of the kidney, blood cell necrosis in kidney with infiltration of white blood cells mainly mononuclear and less polymorphonuclear which are the symptoms of anemia due to blood feeding and sucking by leeches. There was also a chronic kidney infection probably originated from another part of body such as skin. Moreover, leeches caused hemorrhagic anemia due to blood consumption of the hosts, which led to observation of immature red blood cells. Also results showed that diseases induced by leeched in fish could be acute or chronic, which depends on size of fish, species of leech and severity of infection.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제13권1_2호
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• pp.161-165
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the skin irritation by transdermal administration of the three dyes. These dyes were originated from onion by using extraction method. By the order of extraction from onion, A-dye was obtained from onion by using water at 90-100$\circ$C. B-dye was extracted from A-dye with ethylacetate. After ethylacetate extraction from A-dye, the lower layer named as C-dye. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups. The each groups was consisted of two subgroups according to high dose (extracted dyes) and low dose (the 100-fold dilutions of A-, Band C-dye). In primary skin irritation test of male New Zealand White rabbits, body temperature and weights were not significantly changed and blood cells were positioned in normal blood cell ranges of health rabbits. Primary irritation index was "0" in the test and control sites of all animals used in this study. By the results obtained in the present test, all dyes were evaluated as a non-irritant on the basis of the criteria of Draize.of Draize.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2020

In order to effective treats a sick calf, it is necessary to obtain accurate information about the patient's condition. However, the standard references for Korean cattle claves are not well known. Therefore, this study aims to present useful clinical values by analyzing normal blood and diarrhea blood of Hanwoo calf. Recently, with the advent of a portable blood analyzer, it is possible to immediately analyze the patient's condition and severity in the field, not in the laboratory, and to calculate a suitable dosage for supporting fluid therapy. Therefore, in this study, the distribution of red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) were analyzed in normal and diarrhea Hanwoo calves. As a result, Hematocrit (HCT) levels increase significantly between 1 and 20 days in diarrhea positive calves. Changes in leukocyte composition had similar growth patterns in normal and diarrhea calves. As it grew, the proportion of neutrophils decreased and lymphocytes increased. However, the number of WBCs increased from 1 to 10 and 21 to 30 days in diarrhea positive calves, which is closely related to the increase in neutrophils. Therefore, those data can be used for diagnosis and treatment of diarrhea calf.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2016

The health effects of environmental and occupational exposure to steady magnetic fields is a matter of concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematologic effects of exposure to steady magnetic fields at the electrolysis unit of a Copper complex. The population under study was the workers of the electrolysis unit of the copper refinery. The average steady magnetic field in the exposure group was 2.5 mT. The blood indices of workers exposure to steady magnetic fields after adjusting for confounders showed decreased white blood cells (except neutrophils) and increase in the number and volume of platelets. Red blood cells did not show any significant difference. Exposure to steady magnetic fields even in proposed safe limits may have hematologic effects on humans. There is a necessity for more research about the safe doses of exposure to magnetic fields.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2019

Rising of water temperature due to global warming is a great concern to aquaculturists and fishery biologists. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of high water temperature on juvenile red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara based on the evaluation of stress responses in blood. E. akaara juveniles were exposed to different thermal conditions ($25^{\circ}C$, $28^{\circ}C$, $31^{\circ}C$, and $34^{\circ}C$) for 6 weeks following 2 weeks of acclimation at $25^{\circ}C$. Blood cell morphology and number were examined at three sampling points (2, 7, and 42 days) from a total of 180 fish. Major erythrocytic cellular abnormalities (ECA) observed in blood smears of thermally stressed groups ($31^{\circ}C$ and $34^{\circ}C$) after 6 weeks were echinocytes, teardrop-like cells, swollen cells and vacuolated cells. Both red and white blood cell number (RBC and WBC) were significantly (p<0.05) elevated in $31^{\circ}C$ and $34^{\circ}C$ group after 6 weeks thermal exposure. Differential leucocytes number showed significant increases in neutrophil (N) and decreases in lymphocytes (L) in the highest temperature ($34^{\circ}C$). Different N:L ratio was observed at different thermal conditions which can be used as a reliable alternative to measure stress response. Taken together, these results suggest that higher temperature ($31^{\circ}C$ and $34^{\circ}C$) can interfere the immune system of red spotted grouper by altering the blood cell morphology and number.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2016

The aim of the study is to evaluate immune-enhancing effects of Yeonsan Ogye. Various extract of Yeonsan Ogye (200 and 400 mg/kg/daily) was treated orally to Balb/c mice for 1 week, before acute inflammation was induced by LPS. After cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and immune cells (white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte) level by serum and blood were counted. As a result, Oral treatment of Yeonsan Ogye extract to the Balb/c mice were significantly decreased cytokine level in serum, in comparison with control group. in addition, production of white blood cell and monocyte in blood was decreased and granulocyte was increased respectively, in comparison with control. Our results demonstrated that Yeonsan Ogye extracts seem to have significant immune-enhancing. Thus, Yeonsan ogye may be developed as a raw material for new health food and medicine to ease the symptoms related with inflammatory and immune.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2020

20대 초반 여대생을 대상으로 치아건강도와 치은건강도 그리고 구강청결도를 분석해보고자 한 결과 치아건강도를 예측할 수 있는 우식성박테리아와 타액의 산성도, 암모니아와 관련이 높게 나타났으며, 치은건강도를 예측할 수 있는 혈액과 백혈구, 단백질이 관련이 있는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.01). 특히 구강내 미생물의 대사산물인 암모니아는 혈액과 백혈구와 관련이 높게 조사되어, 구강청결도와 관련이 있는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.01). 따라서 타액측정시스템(Sill-Ha ST-4910)의 구강병 발생 7가지 예측 위험도와 본 실험 결과가 일치되어 향후 타액측정시스템은 진료실에서 활용 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 본 연구의 제한점은 노령자나 전신질환이나 만성질환이 없는 건강한 청년을 대상으로 하였기에 일반화하기에는 무리가 있다고 생각하며 후속 연구를 필요로 한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.501-509
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• 2021

The aim of this was evaluate the efficacy of lysozyme on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta microflora population, and blood profiles of weanling pigs under Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge. A total of 30 piglets weaned at 25 days, 7.46 kg body weight, were assigned to three dietary treatments, composed of five replications, two piglets per replication, for 7 days. The dietary treatment groups were negative control (NC; without antibiotics and lysozyme), positive control (PC; NC + antibiotics), lysozyme (NC + 0.1% lysozyme). All piglets were challenged orally with 6 ml suspension, containing E. coli K88 (2 × 10⁹ CFU/mL). Dietary supplementation with lysozyme and PC resulted in no significant differences in average daily gain and gain to feed efficiency. Weanling pigs fed with E. coli challenge with lysozyme and PC treatments had significantly enhanced nutrient retentions of dry matter and energy (p < 0.05); however, there was a tendency to increase nitrogen digestibility. Furthermore, dietary inclusion of lysozyme and antibiotics treatment groups had a beneficial effect on excreta, ileal, and cecal of the fecal microbial population as decreased E. coli (p < 0.05) counts, without effects on lactobacillus counts. A significant effect were observed on a white blood cells, epinephrine and cortisol concentrations were reduced in piglets fed diets containing E. coli challenge with lysozyme and antibiotics supplementation comparison with the NC group. Therefore, the present data indicate that lysozyme in diet could ameliorate the experimental stress response induced by E. coli in piglets by decreasing intestinal E. coli, white blood cells and stress hormones and improving nutrient digestibility.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1983

Antisera to ox red blood cells were prepared by injection of ox red blood cell stroma without adjuvant in outbred white rabbits. Purified IgM fraction for T-cell subset assay was obtained from these rabbit anti-ox red blood cell stroma antisera by precipitation with 50% saturated ammonium sulphate followed by DEAE-Cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The serological identification of purified IgM fraction was achieved by immunoelectrophoresis with guinea pig antiserum against rabbit anti-ox red blood cell IgM antibody.