• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2000

This study was performed to develop a prototype continuous flow ginseng dryer with which better product quality and lower drying energy consumption could be achieved compared with conventional ginseng dryers. A dryer having both far infrared ray (IR) and heated-air as the drying energy sources was designed and fabricated . Dryer performance was studied by examining energy efficiencies and dryer performance evaluation indices (DPEI) during the drying tests of medium-sized four year ginseng roots with IR radiating plate temperature and drying air temperature in the range of 80-12$0^{\circ}C$ and 22-5$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The DPEI of IR /heated -air combined drying was 1/3 of that of the conventional heated-air drying when ginseng were dried to the same final moisture ratio. When ginsengs were dried for 12 hours in the prototype IR/heated-air combination dryer, a linear relationship was found to exist between final moisture ratio and ginseng temperature. As the drying progressed, drying air temperature inside the dryer was nearly constant but ginseng temperature was drastically increased during the first two hours and gradually increased thereafter until the end of drying. With the prototype Ir/heated-air combination dryer, the drying rate changed little but the energy efficiency increased proportionally when the amount of ginseng to be dried increased. Drying capacity, energy efficiency, and DPEI of the prototype IR/heated-air combination ginseng dryer were estimated to 1.500 roots, 65% and 3.800kJ/kg-water , respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

인삼속 식물의 광질별 광합성과 잎표백화 특성을 구명하기 위하여 공시재료로 고려인삼 및 미국삼을 사용하여, 각종 단색 광원하에서 개엽의 동화량 및 잎표백화 정도를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 고려인삼의 광질별 광합성은 측정한 전온도 및 광도에서 공히 적색광 > 황색광 > 청색광 > 백색광 > 녹색광 순으로 높았으며 미국삼도 같은 경향이었다. 광질별 잎표백화 정도는 미국삼의 잎에서 근적외광 > 적색광 > 백색광 > 청색광 > 황색광 > 녹색광 순으로 근적외광에서 표백화가 가장심하였다. 이상의 결과로보아 인삼포의 해가림 자재는 청색광 및 황색광 자재의 가능성을 제시 하였다. 고려인삼의 광합성 최적온도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 부근 이었으며 미국삼도 같은 경향 이었다. 인삼잎의 호흡량은 온도가 증가함에 따라 증가 하였으며, 특히 $30^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온에서는 $25^{\circ}C$에 비해 잎호흡량이 고려인삼이 $80\%$이상, 미국삼이 $73\%$이상 급격히 증가 되었다. 광합성능은 미국삼이 $3.54\~4.04\;mg\;(CO_2{\cdot}dm^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1})$로 고려 인삼 $2.08\~2.59\;mg\;(CO_2{\cdot}dm^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1})$보다 높았다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1991

Ginseng components were examined for their ability to modify immunotoxicity of cyclophosphamide. Ginseng polysaccharide fraction (FO, 300 mg/kg) inhibited decreases in the ratio of spleen to body weight, white blood cells (WBC) count and the number of plaque forming cells (PFC) induced by cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg, i.p.), and increased these variables in normal mice. Ginseng saponin fraction (50 mg/kg) showed to increase hemoglobin content as well as the number of PFC/spleen in normal mice. on the other hand, Panaxytriol (20 mg/kg) Prevented decrease in mc count by cyclophos phamide. Neither saponin fraction nor panaxytriol had any significant effect on the number of PFC and antibody titers in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. These results suggest that ginseng polysaccharine fraction may reduce the immunotoxicity of cyclophosphamide and may be effective in stimulating immune function in normal mice.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.1003-1006
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• 2003

시중에서 유통되고 있는 건조인삼제품인 백삼, 홍삼, 태극삼의 품질을 인삼산업법과 한국산업규격 등 국내 규격과 관련하여 조사하였다. 모든 제품이 일반품질기준인 수분함량 14.0% 이하, 회분함량 5.0% 이하, 물포화 n-부탄올 추출물함량 2.0% 이상에 적합하였다. 고려인삼의 유효성분인 진세노사이드 $Rb_1$, Rf, $Rg_1$도 HPLC 분석결과 관찰되었다. 그러나 홍삼제품을 제외하고는 단위포장내 개체중량의 균일성이 거의 지켜지지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.146-152
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• 1976

백삼의 석유에테르추출물(WGpet)은 빵효모의 RNA생합성을 극히 미약하게 촉진시킬 뿐이지만, 백삼의 에탄올추출물(WGpet-alc) 및 홍삼정(RGE)의 성분은 다같이 RNA 생합성을 크게 촉진시킬뿐 아니라, 그 모노누클레오티드의 조성에까지 큰 변화를 일으키는 효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 즉 RGE에 의해 AMP와 CMP는 물론, 특히 UMP가 현저하게 감소된 반면, GMP는 크게 증가되었으며, 그 몰비는 총 모노누클레오티드의 78.5%에 달하였다. 이러한 결과는 인삼성분의 단백질 생합성 촉진효과와도 관련이 있는 퍽 흥미로운 점이라고 하겠다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.272-277
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• 1994

제조공정에서 높은 미생물 오염이 문제점으로 지적되고 있는 백삼분말 제품, 즉 본 실험에 사용된 수출용 및 내수용 제품의 미생물 오염도는 국내 인삼제품 품지검사 기준인 일반세균 $5{\times}10^{4}$/g, 대장균군 음성보다 훨씬 높았다. EO 훈증처리와 10 kGy 이하의 감마선 조사는 백삼분말 제품에 오염된 미생물을 완전히 불활성화시킬 수 있었으며, 오염미생물의 감마선에 대한 감수성은 대장균군>곰팡이>호기성 세균($D_{10}$: 1.25 kGy)의 순이었다. 백삼분말 제품의 수분 함량은 10% 이하가 요구되며, 기밀포장 후 미생물의 농도에 따라 $5{\sim}10$ kGy의 감마선을 처리하면 $30^{\circ}C$ 내외의 온도에서 상대습도에 관계없이 7개월 이상 안정된 미생물학적 품질을 유지하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.188-192
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• 1996

Export amount and price of P. quinquefolium of United States during 1990 to 1994 were briefly introduced. Export tended decreasing especially to Europe. Middle and South America appeared to be new market. Ginseng Board of Wisconsin Inc. and its Wisconsin seal program to curb Kinase white root were introduced.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2022

Background: Stroke is a neurological disorder characterized by brain tissue damage following a decrease in oxygen supply to brain due to blocked blood vessels. Reportedly, 80% of all stroke cases are classified as cerebral infarction, and the incidence rate of this condition increases with age. Herein, we compared the efficacies of Korean White ginseng (WG) and Korean Red Ginseng (RG) extracts (WGex and RGex, respectively) in an ischemic stroke mouse model and confirmed the underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: Mice were orally administered WGex or RGex 1 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), for 2 h; the size of the infarct area was measured 24 h after MCAO induction. Then, the neurological deficit score was evaluated and the efficacies of the two extracts were compared. Finally, their mechanisms of action were confirmed with tissue staining and protein quantification. Results: In the MCAO-induced ischemic stroke mouse model, WGex and RGex showed neuroprotective effects in the cortical region, with RGex demonstrating superior efficacy than WGex. Ginsenoside Rg1, a representative indicator substance, was not involved in mediating the effects of WGex and RGex. Conclusion: WGex and RGex could alleviate the brain injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion, with RGex showing a more potent effect. At 1,000 mg/kg body weight, only RGex reduced cerebral infarction and edema, and both anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways were involved in mediating these effects.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1976

인삼의 메탄을 추출물을 몇 가지 유기용매를 사용하여 여러 분획으로 나누어서 이 분획들이 아미노아실-tRNA 합성효소의 활동성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 백삼과 홍삼에 모두 아미노아실-합성효소의 활동성에 양성적인 효과를 나타내는 분획을 얻었다. 백삼의 경우에는 전체 메탄을 추출물에 그 성분이 있으며, 홍삼의 경우에는 메탄 올 추출물을 에테르로 추출한 분획에 그 성분이 있었다. 그러므로 이 효소에 양성적인 효과를 미치는 성분은 다소 무극성인 물질일 것으로 추측된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 1995

Currently, some food materials are disinfected by $\gamma$-irradiation (using Co-60) or ethylene oxide treatment. These treatments were applied to ginseng powder and the ginseng components such as ginsenosides, polyacetylenes and phenolic acids were analyzed by HPLC to determine any compositional changes due to irradiation. No appreciable difference was observed in the HPLC pattern of ginsenosides, polyacetylenes of ginseng powder after 10 key irradiation or ethylene oxide treatment (EO $CO_2$= 3 : 7, w/wfb) from those of untreated fresh ginseng powder when they were analyzed soon after treatments. When the ginseng powders were stored at room temperature for three years after the same treatment, the HPLC patterns of polyacetylenes and phenolic acid fraction showed appreciable change from those of fresh ginseng powder, however, the HPLC patterns of three year old samples did not show any appreciable difference.