• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.184-188
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: White stain symptom caused by Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum, is one of the most important diseases on the grape. This disease occurs national-wide in Korea and causes irreversible damage on grape, at harvest season. This study was conducted to develop environment-friendly control method against white stain symptom. METHODS AND RESULTS: Environment-friendly materials were tested for control activity against A. acutatum and T. roseum in vitro and in vivo. The effect of environment-friendly materials against white stain symptom on grape in farmer's greenhouse was examined. The materials, NaDCC and sulphur, were sprayed three times on the leaves and fruit of grape at the two sites of farmer's field, Anseong and Hwaseong of Gyeounggi. To evaluate control effect of NaDCC and sulphur against white stain symptom, the disease severity was investigated after the two materials were sprayed from the disease onset three times at the 7-day intervals. NaDCC showed efficacy of 59.71% for Kyoho and 72.26% for Campbell-Early, and sulphur showed 78.31% for Koyho and 66.19% for Campbell-Early. CONCLUSION: We were selected sulphur and Sodium-Dichloroisocyannurate(NaDCC) based on the results of experiments in vitro. In field test, sulphur and NaDCC showed suppressive effect in the white stain symptom of grape. These results suggested that NaDCC and sulphur selected can be used as control agents for controlling white stain symptom on grape.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.561-570
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) jet on L. monocytogenes inactivation, quality characteristics, and genotoxicological safety of cooked egg white and yolk. APP treatment using He gas resulted in a 5 decimal reduction in the number of L. monocytogenes in cooked egg white, whereas that using $He+O_2$, $N_2$, and $N_2+O_2$ decreased the number further, and to undetectable levels. All treatments of cooked egg yolk resulted in undetectable levels of inoculated L. monocytogenes. There were no viable cells of total aerobic bacteria after APP treatment on day 0 while the control showed approximately 3-4 Log CFU/g. On day 7, the numbers of total aerobic bacteria had increased by approximately 3 log cycles in cooked egg white, but there were no viable cells in cooked egg yolk after 2 min of APP jet. APP treatment decreased the $L^*$-values of cooked egg white and yolk significantly on day 0. No significant sensory differences were found among the cooked egg white samples, whereas significant reductions in flavor, taste, and overall acceptability were found in cooked egg yolks treated with APP jets. SOS chromotest did not reveal the presence of genotoxic products following APP treatments of cooked egg white and yolk. Therefore, it can be concluded that APP jets can be used as a non-thermal means to enhance the safety and extend the shelf-life of cooked egg white and yolk.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2000

The genetic makeup could be the most important among many factors affecting yield and quality of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.). The mammoth gene found in N. tabacum is associated with greater leaf number and poor leaf quality. This study was carried out to obtain the basic information about the inheritance of mammoth gene and white flower color. Two flue-cured breeding lines, KF 9373-2 and KF 8832-85, F$_1$, F$_2$, two parents backcrossed with F$_1$, and F$_3$ lines derived from cross of above two lines were investigated for flowering type(mammoth gene) and flower color. All plants of F$_1$ population revealed normal flowering type and pink flower color. The progeny of F$_2$ generation was segregated into the phenotypic ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 with normal flowering type and pink flower color, normal and white, non flowering type(NF) and pink, and NF and white, respectively. Among the progenies of back-crossing populations, the flowering type showed a segregation ratio of 1 : 1 as normal and NF in BP$_1$ and flower color did also 1 : 1 as pink and white in BP$_2$. All lines have the mammoth gene in F$_3$. that were selected in F$_2$ progeny as non flowering. But 9 lines among 14 were segregated with 3 : 1 as pink and white flower in F$_3$. which were selected in F$_2$ as pink flower color. These results indicated that the characters of mammoth gene and white flower were controlled by a pair of recessive genes, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.322-322
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• 2011

White gold는 아름다운 광택과 손쉬운 가공성의 장점 때문에 장신구를 비롯한 다양한 분야에서 그 활용 가치가 매우 높다. 본 연구에서 우리는 열처리를 통한 white gold의 hardness강화 및 품질향상을 위하여 다양한 열처리 조건별 기계적 특성변화를 비교 관찰 하였다. 열처리 전 white gold alloy의 구성성분을 조사하기 위하여 EPMA와 ICP-MS를 사용하여 분석 후 그 값을 수치화 하였다. 14K, 18K White gold alloy 총 32개의 시료를 사용하여 $750^{\circ}C$, 30 min의 조건에서 solid treatment 및 quenching 후 $200^{\circ}C{\sim}350^{\circ}C$ 온도 범위에서 $50^{\circ}C$ 간격으로 age-hardening을 실시하였다. 열처리 전과 후 각 조건별 hardness 변화는 Vicker's hardness tester를 사용하여 측정하였다. 또한 age-hardening 후 모든 시료는 optical microscope (OM)을 사용하여 각 열처리 조건 별 grain 들의 배열 및 size의 변화를 관찰하였다. 열처리 전 14K, 18K white gold alloy의 hardness의 평균값은 각각 162 Hv와 196 Hv를 나타내었다. solid treatment 후 그 수치가 146 Hv, 172 Hv로 감소하였고, age-hardening 후에는 hardness 값이 점차 증가하여 14K는 $260^{\circ}C$에서 226 Hv, 18K는 $270^{\circ}C$에서 268 Hv의 가장 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 또한 14K 및 18K는 각각 $260^{\circ}C$, $270^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 over-aging 현상을 나타내었다. OM 분석 결과 열처리 전 불균일했던 grain들의 배열이 solid treatment 및 quenching 후 다소 균일해짐을 확인할 수 있었고, grain size 또한 열처리 전에 비해 증가함을 알 수 있었다. Solid treatment 후 모든 시료의 hardness값이 전반적으로 감소하였다가 age-hardening을 통해 grain들의 배열이 점차 안정화 되면서 hardness가 증가 하였고, over-aging 구간에서는 급격히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이 결과들로부터 우리는 14K, 18K white gold alloy 에 대한 age-hardening 최적조건을 도출하였고, 각 열처리 조건별 grain 배열 상태의 변화를 관찰 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.682-694
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• 2015

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between white rice consumption and dietary intake, the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean based on $1^{st}$ (1998), $4^{th}$ (2007~2009), $6^{th}$ (2013) KNHANES. This study included 25,799 subjects who were age 10 or over. Three groups(low, medium, high) were divided according to white rice consumption (per day). In the low group, the meat and oil intake were significantly higher than the high group. In the $1^{st}$ survey year, the BMI, waist circumstances, hypertriglyceridemia and fasting blood glucose in the high group were higher than other groups, however the $4^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ survey year showed no significant results. In the $1^{st}$ survey year the risk of waist circumstances was higher in the high white rice consumption group and also had high risk with hypertriglyceridemia. Since the lower white rice consumption in $4^{th}$ than $1^{st}$ survey year we found no significant results. But in the 6th survey year with the lowest white rice consumption the risk of high diastolic pressure was reduced in high group. Because continuously reduced white rice consumption meantime showed more intake of meat and oil, it can be concluded that defensive effects with the Korean health.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the cooking properties of Bodeurami and Ilmi to promote consumption of rice. Methods: The properties of Bodeurami and Ilmi such as proximate composition, Hunter's color value, water absorption rate, and cooking properties as well as Hunter's color value, texture properties, and sensory evaluation of cooked rice were analyzed. Results: Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash contents of Bodeurami and Ilmi were higher in brown rice than in white rice. Regardless of rice cultivars, L-value was lower, whereas a and b-values were higher in brown rice than in white rice. The water absorption rate of rice grains was higher in white rice than in brown rice and increased rapidly to 75 min for white rice and 4 hr for brown rice. Cooking properties, water absorption, and expansibility of white rice were higher than those of brown rice, and there were significant differences between Bodeurami and Ilmi. Immediately after cooking and after storage at warm ($70^{\circ}C$) and room temperatures ($25^{\circ}C$), hardness of cooked rice increased after storage, but was not significantly different between Bodeurami white rice and Ilmi brown rice. The sensory evaluation shows that Bodeurami brown rice scored the highest for taste, texture and overall preference. Conclusion: Thus, the results of this study shows that Bodeurami brown rice is characterized by high cooking quality without any mixed white rice, and Bodeurami white rice could be used for the rice processing industry as well as cooked rice.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.115-120
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• 2015

We studied white tandem organic light-emitting diodes using red and blue fluorescent materials. White 2 units tandem OLEDs were fabricated using $Alq_3$:Rubrene (3 vol.% 5 nm) and SH-1 : BD-2 (3 vol.% 25 nm) as emitting layer (EML). The device with $Alq_3$ : Rubrene (3 vol.% 5 nm) / SH-1 : BD-2 (3 vol.% 25 nm) showed yellowish white emission with a Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.442, 0.473) at $1,000cd/m^2$, and variation of CIE coordinates was low with ($0.44{\pm}0.002$, $0.472{\pm}0.001$) from 500 to $3,000cd/m^2$. White 3 units tandem OLEDs were fabricated by additory stacking the blue or white layer as EML. CIE coordinates of 3 units tandem OLEDs with stacked blue and white layer was low variation of ($0.293{\pm}0.008$, $0.36{\pm}0.005$) and ($0.412{\pm}0.002$, $0.423{\pm}0.001$) from 500 to $3,000cd/m^2$, respectively. Our findings suggest that stacked OLED was possible to controlling CIE coordinates and producing excellent color stability.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.461-467
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• 2017

Shrimps infected with WSSV(White Spot Syndrome Virus) generally exhibit white spots in their inner space of carapaces as an acute clinical sign. In an effort to identify the correlation between this acute clinical sign and the condition, the index factors (RNA/DNA concentration and ratio, trypsin activity) were analyzed. A total 580 farmed Fenneropenaeus chinensis and 130 Lithopenaeus vannamei were collected from western and southern fifteen outdoor ponds in Korea. The status of the white spot pathology was divided into four stages (stage 0, stage I, stage II, and stage III), in accordance with the clinical signs as to the size and area of white spots. A significant decrease in RNA concentration and RNA/DNA ratio for multi-infected fleshy prawn (WSSV and vibrio sp.) occurred during the stage III (the whole carapace is covered with a white spot). In particular, RNA/DNA ratio was significantly lower as $1.47{\pm}0.04$ than other groups. A similar trend was also found in the single infection (WSSV), but the decrease was less than the multi-infection. In the species comparison, both species were vulnerable to the multi-infection, but L. vannamei was more sensitive than F. chinensis(ANOVA, p<0.05): A significant decrease in RNA concentration and RNA/DNA ratio was first found in stage II for the former species, while it was found in stage III for the latter species. Trypsin activity was also showed a similar tendency with nucleic acid variation. Multi-infected shrimp showed drastically decrease of trypsin activity. According to the results, clinical signs of the white spot under carapace have an only physiological effect on shrimp if they covered entirely with white spots.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2010

A new white spray-mum, 'White Ball' was bred by crossing between 'Stallion', a white anemone type flower, and 'Hyangno', an anemone type with pink petals in October 2003. The growth and flowering characteristics were investigated in forcing, natural, and retarding cultures from 2005 to 2007. The 'White Ball' was a medium-flowering fall-mum with white anemone type flower and had 16.2 flowers per stem, 3.6 cm diameter of flower in natural culture. The number of days to flowering and flowers per plant was 58.5 and 11.9, respectively, in forcing culture of 'White Ball' whereas the number of days to flowering was 54 in retarding culture.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.295-298
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• 2008

A new Cymbidium cultivar 'White Princess' was released by the National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI) in 2005. A cross was made in 1995 between 'Cymbidium 2113', light purple colored petal and medium plant sized variety, and 'Lucky Rainbow Randevous', a dark purple petal with red lip and large type variety. The ninety progenies were obtained after planting and acclimatization in green house. In 2000, a line (9526747) was selected and multipliticed after test of its flower color, leaf shape, flower stalk, and vigorous growing habit. After evaluation trial for two growing seasons, the selected line was named as 'White Princess'. The 'White Princess' has white petals (WN 155A) with red lip (RP59D) color and large sized leaves, and flowers (leaf length is about 88 cm and flower diameter is about 8 cm) with semi-erect flower stalks. Blooming started from December to January in optimal culture conditions. High temperature (more than $30^{\circ}C$) and low light intensity(less than 10,000Lux) should be avoided for the appropriate growth.