• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.252-258
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• 2011

탄소원으로 palm kernel meal(PKM)과 밀기울을 함유한 배지에서 농후배양하여 작물 재배 토양으로부터 xylan과 locust bean gum(LBG)에 대한 분해활성이 있는 균을 분리하였다. 분리균 YB-1107의 16S rDNA 서열이 Cellulosimicrobium 속 균주와 유사도가 높은 균주로 판명되었다. 분리균의 mannanase는 LBG와 PKM에 의해 생산성이 증가된 반면에 xylanase는 oat spelt xylan과 밀기울에 의해 생산성이 증가되었다. Mannanase는 0.7% PKM을 첨가한 배지, xylanase는 1% 밀기울을 첨가한 배지에서 각각 최대 생산성을 보였으며 모두 정지기에서 생산이 되었다. 분리균의 배양상등액은 $55^{\circ}C$와 pH 6.5에서 mannanase의 최대활성을 보였으며, $65^{\circ}C$와 pH 5.5에서 xylanase의 최적반응 활성을 나타냈다. Mannanase에 의해 분해된 LBG와 xylanase에 의해 분해된 xylan으로부터 각각 올리고당이 관찰되었으며, 또한 이들 효소는 밀기울과 미강도 분해하여 올리고당으로 전환하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2022

Wheat is rich in sources of fiber, oligosaccharides, and resistant starch, simple carbohydrates which may have a protective role against carcinoma. Additionally, Whole wheat/bran as well includes contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, lignans, folate, phytosterols, phenolic acids, and tocols. The above phytochemicals suitable forms antioxidant and cholesterol-reducing activities. Phytoestrogens are regarded as especially essential in the preventative measures of hormonally dependent malignancies such as breast cancer (BC). In this study lowered BC risk has been associated with whole grain/bran consumption with an odds ratio (OR=0.24 and 95 %CI=0.10-0.56). Wheat/bran appears to have a reliable protective impact against BC. While intake of white bread has been associated with a high risk of BC (OR=2.63 and CI 95 %=1.07-6.48). Also, the E-Selectin (SELE) Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs5353 A/G and rs932307 C/T were investigated using the sanger sequences approach. There was a positive association between genotypes (rs5353 GG+AG) and (rs932307 TT+CT) with rate consumption of wheat-white/bread and these genotypes were more frequent in patients had BC in comparison with a significant difference (P=0.03) (P=0.01), respectively. The genotypes (GG+AG) frequency of the rs5353 polymorphism and (TT+CT) genotypes of the rs932307 polymorphism in the present study had a high risk of cancer with (OR=3.05), (OR=4.17) respectively. While these genotypes showed no significant association with the rate of whole grain consumption in patients and control. Therefore, the type of wheat may associate with increased incidence of disease-related with type of Polymorphism because some present genotypes of SNPs showed high (OR) which may refer to their positive associated with disease, the white wheat consumption may active the risky association between SNPs and BC.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.524-528
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• 2020

밀기울을 유산균 종류에 따라 각각 발효물을 제조하고 그에 따른 향기성분을 SPME로 추출하여 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 총 19종류의 향기성분이 검출되었으며 이 중 알콜류가 차지하는 비중이 가장 컸으며 그 중에서도 1-hexanol이 21.05-29.06 ng/g으로 가장 다량으로 검출되었다. 이 중 유산균의 아미노산 대사에 의해 형성되는 알코올류인 3-methyl-1-butanol, phenethyl alcohol은 발효 후 증가하고, 아미노산 leucine, phenylalanine는 감소되는 경향을 확인하였다. 케톤류 또한 발효에 의해 증가되는 경향을 보였는데 주로 유제품 유산균 발효에 의한 것으로 2,3-butanedione를 비롯한 buttery 풍미를 내는 케톤류들이 검출되었다. 이는 밀기울 유산균 발효 산물의 풍미를 증대시켜 식품 소재로서의 가치를 상승시킬 것이라 생각한다. 또한 알데하이드류는 감소하였는데, 알데하이드류는 주로 밀기울이 가지고 있는 이취 물질들으므로 유산균 발효를 통해 밀기울 소재의 한계점을 극복하고 품질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이라고 생각한다. 본 연구를 통해 사료나 폐기되는 제분 부산물을 유산균 발효를 통해 고부가가치 식품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였고, 제과 및 제빵에 발효 밀기울을 응용, 적용함으로써 고 식이섬유 제품 및 풍미가 강화된 제품을 제조할 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1691-1698
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• 2000

An in situ digestion trial (Experiment 1) and a lactation trial (Experiment 2) were conducted to determine the effects of replacing corn and wheat bran with soyhulls (SH) in lactating dairy cow diets on the extent and kinetics of digestion of DM and NDF, and lactation performance. In experiment 1, five mixed feeds consisting of mixed concentrate and roughages (50:50 on a DM basis) were formulated on isonitrogenous and isoenergetic bases to produce five levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of SH replacement for corn and wheat bran. SH had high in situ digestion (92 and 89% for potentially digestible DM and NDF) and fairly fast digestion rate (7.2 and 6.3 %/h for DM and NDF). Increasing level of SH replacement resulted in increased NDF digestibility (linear, p=0.001-0.04) and similar DM digestibility (beyond 12 h incubation, p=0.10-0.41). As level of SH replacement increased, percentage of slowly digestible fraction (b) of DM increased (linear, p=0.03), percentage of rapidly digestible fraction (a) of DM tended to decrease (linear, p=0.14), and DM digestion lag time tended to be longer (linear, p=0.13). Percentage of potentially digestible fraction (a+b) and digestion rate (c) of slowly digestible fraction of dietary DM remained unaltered (p=0.36-0.90) with increasing SH in the diet. Increasing level of SH for replacing corn and wheat bran in the diet resulted in increases in percentages of b (quadratic, p<0.001), a (linear, p=0.08), a+b (quadratic, p=0.001) and a tendency to increase in c for NDF (linear, p<0.19). It was also observed that there was a satisfactory fit of a non-linear regression model to NDF digestion data ($R^2=0.986-0.998$), but a relatively poor fit of the model to DM digestion data ($R^2=0.915-0.968$). In experiment 2, 42 lactating Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design. SH replaced corn and wheat bran in mixed concentrates at 0, 25, and 50%, respectively. These mixed concentrates were mixed with roughages and fed ad libitum as complete diets. Replacing corn and wheat bran with SH at 0, 25 and 50% levels did not influence (p=0.56-0.95) DM intakes (18.4, 18.6, and 18.5 kg/d), milk yields (27.7, 28.4 and 27.6 kg/d), 4% fat-corrected-milk (FCM) yields (26.2, 27.6, and 27.3 kg/d) and percentages of milk protein (3.12, 3.17 and 3.18%), milk lactose (4.69, 4.76 and 4.68%) and SNF (8.50, 8.64, and 8.54%). On the other hand, milk fat percentges linearly increased (3.63, 3.85 and 3.90% for SH replacement rates of 0, 25 and 50% in the diet, p=0.08), while feed costs per kg FCM production were reduced.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2000

In this study, to activate the industrialization and to improve the quality of Toha-jeot by shortening the fermentation period, we investigated the changes in the nutritional components of Toha-jeot. salt-fermented Toha shrimp( Caridina denticulata denticulata $D_{E}$ $H_{AAN}$) which was salted with a low-salt group and high-salt group during fermentation. In this experiment. there are four groups of Toha-jeot which were manufactured with 15% ratio of common salt: the first group containing 2% wheat bran (w2%-L). the second high-salt group containing 2% wheat bran( w2%-H) , the third low-salt group containing 4% wheat bran (w4%-L) and the last high-salt group containing 4% wheat bran(w4%-H). These four groups were refrigerated at 4${\pm}$1$^{\circ}C$ and then taken out for analysis at three month intervals during 9 month. Among the free amino acid contents in Toha-jeot, 22 kinds were detected. 6 month after the fermentation when the quantity of the amino acid contents in Toha-jeot is highest, ornitine, glutamic acid, leucine. alanine. lysine and valine occupy the majority, in the order of abundance. In cases of nucleotides. 6 month after the fermentation. from the groups w2%-L, w2%-H and w4%-L, inosine and IMP were not detected. and hypoxanthine, AMP, ADP were detected but 9 month after the fermentation ADP was not detected. The main constituents of fatty acid were as follows : (a) from w2%-L, w2%-H, 6 month after the fermentation. $C16:0$, $C12:0$, $C18:1$, $C18:3$, and $C16:1$. (b) from w4%-L. 6 month after the fermentation, $C18:3$, $C16:0$, $C12:0$ and $C18:1$. (c) from W4%-H, $C16:0$, $C12:0$, $C18:3$ and $C18:1$. In case of mineral contents. Na, Ca. K. Mg, Fe. Zn, Mn and Cu were detected according to the magnitude of the quantity. From the group w4%-H, high quantity of Na was detected during the total fermentation period. In case of color value, from the groups w2%. the values of L. a. b were highest after 6 month fermentation and were decreased after 9 month fermentation, while from groups w4%, the values of L, a, b were gradually decreased after 3 month fermentation.ion.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.999-1009
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• 2024

The impact of dietary non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) on performance and carcass traits of broilers fed wheat-bran substituted into corn-soybean meal-based diets supplemented with xylanase was investigated. A total of 280 (7-day-old) Ross 308 broilers were randomly allotted to one of five dietary treatments with 8 replicates, 7 chicks per pen. Treatments were; i) CON: Control diet, ii) CON-X (CON + 3,000 U/kg xylanase), iii) L-X: low NSP (2% wheat bran in CON + 3,000 U/kg xylanase), iv) M-X: medium NSP (4% wheat bran in CON + 3,000 U/kg xylanase), v) H-X: higher NSP (8% wheat bran in CON+ 3,000 U/kg xylanase). Birds fed the H-X diet increased (p < 0.05) daily gains, and average daily feed intake and had marginally improved body weights (p = 0.074) on day 35. Relatively, the H-X diet tended to increase the average daily gains (p = 0.053; p = 0.073) of birds during the grower phase (d 24-35) and the entire experimental period (d 8-35), respectively. Moreover, there were no significant differences among treatments in the feed conversion ratio of birds throughout the entire experiment period. Birds fed diets CON-X, L-X, and M-X had improved (p < 0.05) the ileal digestibility of energy on d 24 and 35 compared to those fed the H-X diet. Furthermore, birds fed diet CON-X improved (p < 0.05) N digestibility on d 24. Improved carcass moisture content and lowered crude fat of leg meat (p < 0.05) were noted in birds fed the diet M-X and H-X on d 35, respectively. The intestinal viscosity was reduced (p < 0.05) in xylanase-supplemented treatments CON-X, L-X, M-X, and H-X diets when compared to CON. Our results suggest that supplementing 3,000 U/kg xylanase in a higher NSP (8% wheat bran substituted level) diet could improve the intestinal viscosity and growth performance of broilers.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.767-774
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• 1997

For the standardization and quality improvement of traditional Korean Nuruk, 120 strains of fungi were isolated from Nuruks and 18 strains of them were selected as strains analysing the amylase and flavor. The genera of these fungi were identified as Aspergillus sp. (14 strains), Penicillium sp. (3 strains) and Rhizopus sp. (1 strains) by the conventional slide culture. Most of these fungi showed a better productivity of the saccharogenic and dextrinogenic enzymes in raw wheat bran culture than in cooked wheat bran culture. The ability of acid and flavor production was good in the raw wheat bran culture, and aflatoxins were not produced under the same culture. Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus sp. had high cell growth and amylast activity. Mixed culture of Aspergillus sp. No.3-6 and Penicillium sp. No.7-7 revealed a high liquefying and saccharifying activity as well as high flavors production. These results indicated that these fungi was proper strains for making Nuruk of good quality.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1964

1. Three hundred and twenty four strains of amylase producing bacteria were isolated from various sources and a high amylase producing new strain, which was isolated from MEJU, M-181, was selected for further investigations. 2. The new strain M-181 was similar to Bacillus subtilis in the characteristics. 3. Wheat bran medium was the best one for production of amylase so for as the investigations had been done. The amylase activity of M-181 was measured D$40^{\circ}\\30^{'}$ .$deg._{30'}$ 25,000 to 26,800 on the medium of wheat bran. 4. The strain M-181 did not demand phosphate for production of amylase.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.628-635
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• 2009

금강밀 또는 Dark Northern Spring(DNS)밀의 기울과 배아로부터 추출한 유지(WBG유)를 빛을 차단하고 $50^{\circ}C$에서 12일 동안 저장하면서 과산화물값, 지방산조성 변화로 자동산화안정성을 평가하였고 토코페롤과 토코트리엔올, 카로티노이드, 인지질 함량 변화도 함께 측정하였다. 금강밀과 DNS밀에서 추출한 WBG유는 초기 과산화물값에 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 금강밀 WBG유는 DNS밀 WBG유에 비해 높은 유리지방산값을 보였다. 또한 금강밀 WBG유는 DNS밀 WBG유보다 리놀레산이, DNS밀 WBG유는 금강밀 WBG유보다 올레산이 유의하게 더 많았다. 인지질 함량은 DNS밀 WBG유에서 많았으며 토코페롤과 카로티노이드 함량은 반대 경향을 보였다. 금강밀과 DNS밀에서 추출한 WBG유는 산화기간이 증가함에 따라 과산화물값이 유의하게 증가하였으며, 산화속도는 두 기름 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 금강밀과 DNS밀 WBG유의 자동산화 중 카로티노이드와 인지질은 모두 유의한 차이를 보이며 분해되었고, 인지질함량이 WBG유의 자동산화정도와 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2016

잎새버섯 봉지재배에 적합한 영양원을 구명하기 위하여 밀기울, 건비지 및 맥주박을 다양하게 혼합하여 생육 및 수량특성을 조사한 결과, 수확소요일수는 혼합배지 Mix II가 61.3일로 가장 적었으며, 수량에서는 혼합배지 Mix IV가 142.6g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 밀기울과 맥주박의 적정 혼합율을 구명하기 위한 시험 결과, 맥주박 첨가율이 높아질수록 수확소요일수가 줄어들었으며, 수량은 맥주박 15%와 밀기울 5% 혼합율 처리에서 140.8 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다.