Abstract
This study was done to assess the physical and chemical properties after anaerobic fermentation treatment which use rice bran or wheat bran in plastic film house soil. The results which investigates the change of soil physical property after treatment 150 days showed a dramatic difference. The physical properties of control soil were the bulk density $1.46Mg\;m^{-3}$, hardness $2.30Kg\;cm^{-3}$, hydraulic conductivity $4.8cm\;hr^{-1}$, water stable aggregate(>0.5mm) 6.7%. Of the soil which treatment the rice bran in comparison to control soil, bulk density and hardness was diminished 12% and 58%, respectively. hydraulic conductivity and water stable aggregate(>0.5mm) were increased 4.5 and 5.2 fold, respectively. And, in the soil which treatment the wheat bran, bulk density and hardness was diminished 14% and 67%, respectively. Hydraulic conductivity and water stable aggregate(>0.5mm) were increased 6.3 and 6.5 fold, respectively. $NO_3-N$ contents of the soil which treated the rice bran or wheat bran after treatment 20 days were diminished 98% in comparison to control soil. The decrease of $NO_3-N$ contents in the soil was investigated with the fact that it is caused by with increase of the soil-microbial biomass. EC of the soil which treated the rice bran were $1.48dS\;m^{-1}$ which was diminished 58% in comparison to control soil. That of soil which treated the wheat bran was increased $3.65dS\;m^{-1}$ in the early stage because of acetic and butyric acid. But it was reduced as under $2.0dS\;m^{-1}$ after treatment 30 days. As the conclusion the anaerobic fermentation treatment with rice or wheat bran was effective to the improvement of soil physical and salt accumulation of the plastic film house soil.
본 연구는 쌀겨와 밀기울의 토양 혐기발효가 시설 연작지 토양의 물리 화학성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 처리 150일후 토양 물리성을 조사한 결과 무 처리구의 물리성은 용적밀도 $1.46Mg\;m^{-3}$, 경도 $2.30Kg\;cm^{-3}$, 수리전도도 $4.8cm\;hr^{-1}$ 그리고 입단안정성(0.5 mm<)은 6.70% 이었다. 쌀겨와 밀기울을 처리한 토양은 용적밀도가 각각 12%와 14% 감소되었으며, 경도는 58%와 67%가 낮아졌다. 또한 수리 전도도는 4.5배와 6.3배가 증가하였으며, 0.5 mm 이상의 입단율은 5.2배와 6.5배가 증가하여 물리성이 크게 개선된 것을 확인하였다. 한편 토양 화학성 중 질산태질소 함량은 무 처리구와 비교하여 98%가 감소한 각각 4.59와 $5.42mg\;kg^{-1}$로 크게 감소하였다. 이와같은 질산태 질소의 감소는 토양 미생물체 량의 증가로 인한 것으로 조사되었다. EC는 쌀겨처리구가 $1.48dS\;m^{-1}$로 무처리구와 비교하여 약 58%가 감소하였으나 밀기울 처리구는 처리중 생산된 초산과 낙산으로 인하여 $3.65dS\;m^{-1}$로 증가하다 처리 30일 후 $2.0dS\;m^{-1}$ 이하로 감소하였다. 결론적으로 쌀겨와 밀기울의 토양 혐기발효 처리는 시설 하우스 토양의 EC농도와 질산태 질소의 농도를 낮추고 토양 물리성을 개선하는데 효과적이었다.
