• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1994

This study attempted to characterize conflict frames of environmental disputes by examining twelve actual wetland permitting cases in Ohio. The participants consisted of such interested parties as applicants, technical, legal or environmental consultants to applicants, U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, Ohio Department of Natural Resoures, local agencies, the environmental community, and citizens who have been involved of the permitting process. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of how different perceptual frames existed in the wetland conversion disputes, and to understand different environmental conflict frames that influenced disputants' perception relating to dispute resolution. The vehicles used to collect the necessary data were three survey instruments : Open-ended questionnaires, Likert-type questionnaires, and ranking questionnaires. Forty-three subjects were contacted for open fact-to-fact interviews, 53 subject for Kikert-type mail survey and 54 subjects for ranking instrument mail survey. Analyses of survey results revealed that six different types of frames were clearly identified from all the parties involved in Ohio wetland conversion disputes. It revealed that disputants had statistically significantly different levels of perception to the frames based on the participants' role (i.e. regulator, applicant, commentor), the number of involved parties in the process, processing time and the issuance of a permit. The findings also revealed that information sharing among disputants played a significant role in the process of froming and reframing. The alternative idea, building cooperation through negotiation, was proposed to provide new insight into the resolution of the dispute.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.367-371
• /
• 2005

Soil samples were collected from new-developed wetland soil ecosystem of Tamarix chinesis plantation in Chinese Yellow River Delta in different months of 2003. Soil characteristics, temporal change and spatial distribution of microbial community composition and their relationship with nitrogen turnover and circling were investigated in order to analyze and characterize the role of microbial diversity and functioning in the specific soil ecosystem. The result showed that the total population of microbial community in the studied soil was considerably low, compared with common natural ecosystem. The amount of microorganism followed as the order: bacteria> actinomycetes>fungi. Amount of actinomycetes were higher by far than that of fungi. Microbial population remarkably varied in different months. Microbial population of three species in top horizon was corrected to that in deep horizon. Obvious rhizosphere effect was observed and microbial population was significantly higher in rhizosphere than other soils due to vegetation growth, root exudation, and cumulative dead fine roots. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity is low, while is dominated by specific community in the wetland ecosystem of Tamarix chinesi.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2019

We extracted arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spores from rhizospheres of three plants from Upo Wetland, Korea. We identified the isolated AMF spores based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of partial 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. The species diversity of AMF spores was calculated among the study sites and host plants. Consequently, nine species from six genera of AMF spores were identified. We confirmed the species diversity of the AMF spores in rhizospheres affected by host plants in the wetland. In the course of this study, we confirmed a previously unreported AMF species in Korea: Diversispora epigaea. We described the morphological features and molecular characteristics of this previously unreported AMF species.

• Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.304-315
• /
• 2018

Located in Gimhae, Hwapo is the biggest riverine wetland in the province of Gyeongsangsam-do, Korea, and is a major habitat for various species. However, it is suspected that various pollutants enter the wetlands from agricultural and industrial areas. This study identifies major organic pollutants in this wetland and their sources using high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry during one summer season. Forty-five substances were selected for quantitative analysis using target screening, and other non-selected compounds were screened using suspect and non-target screening methods. The results were that 21 and 17 targeted substances were detected in July and August, respectively. Major pollutants in July and August were oxadiazon (July: 17-220 ng/L, August: 66-460 ng/L), carbendazim (July: 10-110 ng/L, August: 64-520 ng/L), caffeine (July: 33-1,100 ng/L, August: 56-580 ng/L), and niflumic acid (July: 23-75 ng/L, August: 42-290 ng/L). Sampling sites S4 in July and S2 in August were the major inflow points. Ten substances (tricyclazole, hexaconazole, diuron, fexofenadine, irbesartan, simetryn, cimetidine, valsartan, tebuconazole, and benzotriazole) and four metabolites (valsartan acid, azoxystrobin acid, TEB_M324c, and 2-aminobenzimidazole) were tentatively identified through suspect and non-target screening, respectively.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.35-50
• /
• 2021

In this study, we analyzed the changes in the topographical landscape and the sedimentary environment to evaluate the ecological value of the Dongcheon Estuary and protect the wetland, and presented the conservation management method of the Dongcheon Estuary. Based on the result of topographical landscape analysis, agricultural land tended to decrease continuously, and artificial structures gradually increased. Moreover, in sediment analysis, the Dongcheon Estuary showed both the characteristics of river sediments and coastal sediments, and in some areas problems such as acidification and nutritional imbalance appeared. Therefore, in order to protect and manage the Dongcheon Estuary with high ecological value, it is necessary to limit the development around micro topography and minimize the artificial damage in the Dongcheon Estuary. In addition, efforts such as securing facilities for reducing pollutants and freshwater wetlands for pollutants, that flow in from nonpoint pollutants are required.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.32 no.12
• /
• pp.943-953
• /
• 2023

This study analyzed the ecological characteristics of the wetland protection area at tthe Nakdong River through vegetation and biota surveys, which showed that brackish water meets fresh water, a unique ecological environment has been created, biodiversity is high, and diverse habitats are distributed. Eleven plant communities, including four woody communities and seven grass communities, are distributed along the coast, and a total of 514 species, including 11 endangered wildlife species, were identified in terms of species diversity. Among them, the species diversity of the Eulsuk-do area was found to be relatively higher than that of other Barreir Islands areas. The presence of a population of Sterna albifrons on Sinja-do and a population of Eremias argus on Jinwo-do, an area outside the boundaries of the wetland protection area, confirmed the conservation value of the wetlands and the need to expand the boundaries of the wetland protection area. It is judged that this information can be used as basic information for a systematic conservation and management plan for the wetland protection area at the Nakdong River Estuary and as basic data to support the establishment of a policy.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2024

This note summarizes the application of zooplankton indices for water quality management and estimation based on main research topics of articles focusing on wetland ecosystems, topics that are remained poorly investigated in S. Korea. The aquatic ecosystem-based consists of indices that respond to different target environmental factors, including environmental disturbance. Among the major indicator species and biota, we reviewed that management strategy for the wetland environment has to be focused more on small-sizes, in terms of zooplankton ecology and indices. The ecology of zooplankton communities in freshwater ecosystem has been the focus of an increasing number of studies since 2019, and considerable progress has been made in understanding the major mechanisms involved in regulating their abundance, diversity and spatio-temporal patterns. Even though studies on the freshwater ecosystem in Korea have a long history, a few of studies on zooplankton biota were conducted at wetlands. We suggested the candidate zooplankton indices proposed by the U.S. EPA and EU to suit Korean conditions. In the step of selecting metrics, the best available metrics are species-related variables, such as composition and abundance, as well as richness and diversity. Overall, in spite of several limitations, the development of a plankton-based multivariate assessment method in Korea wetlands is possible using mostly field research data. Later, it could be improved based on qualitative metrics on zooplankton, and with the emergence of further survey data. The present information can be used as basic information for researchers who are dealing with aquatic environments and its interaction with organisms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.65-77
• /
• 2014

The ecosystem of Jaemin stream, flowing into the center of Gongju-si, had been damaged by low water quality and lack of water quantity of the steam. However, after applying the SSB (Sustainable Structured wetland Biotop) system to the flood plain and the upstream of Jaemin stream, the efficiency of ecological water purification and ecological restoration are as follows. Through the constant maintenance and monitoring from year 2009 to year 2013 after restorative design and construction the average influent concentration of BOD5 was 4.2 mg/L, and the average effluent concentration was 1.8 mg/L, reaching ecological water purification rate of 57%. As for the T-N, the average influent concentration was 9.983 mg/L, and the average effluent concentration was 6.303 mg/L, showing the rate of 37%. For the T-P, the average influent concentration was 0.198 mg/L, and the average effluent concentration was 0.098 mg/L, being the rate of 51%. The vegetation of Jaemin stream monitored for 2 years after the restoration was composed of 51 species in 28 families which show high ratio of planted native species. As for the animals in the site, 5 species in 3 families of reptiles and amphibians, 34 species of 23 families of birds, and 3 species in 2 families of mammals were monitored, indicating that the bio-diversity of the site has improved, as well.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.318-335
• /
• 2007

Floral study and present vegetation survey were conducted at a representative reclaimed wetland located behind the Rural Research Institute at Ansan, Gyeonggi-do. The importance values were calculated from the ground cover and frequency of recorded species within quadrats and detrended canonical correspondence analysis was conducted using environment variables, such as total nitrogen, electric conductivity, available phosphate, nitrate nitrogen and the distance from the inner roads. And basal areas for the trees encroaching on the reclaimed wetland were estimated to take a look at the on-going situation about the succession routes on land. As a result, 46 families and 158 species of plants were recorded and Pragmites communis was found to be a dominant species as the present vegetation. The ordination analysis results showed that species distribution was purposely explained by total nitrogen in soil and its content in nitrate nitrogen. The invasion of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus rigida whose basal areas were $22.3m^2$ and $1.6m^2$ respectively, into the interior areas of the reclaimed wetland was found to cause a disturbance making some parts of the wetland into land. The zoning program using water level control and migratory roads is becoming a contributing factor in destroying a wetland, so it's suggested that some adjustments should be needed to take care of it.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to collect the basic data on establishing the conservation plan for the domestic wetland through flora and life form analysis at Junam wetland. The vascular plants were recorded as 222 taxa; 58 families, 167 genera, 200 species, 3 subspecies, 1 forma and 18 varieties. Among 8 life forms, Therophytes (Th), Hemicryptophytes (H) and Hydrophytes (HH) showed high percentage, and these species comprised 71.1% of the whole flora at Junam wetland. One taxa (Euryale ferox) rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were observed. The naturalized plants were 38 taxa including Fallopia dumetora, Oenothera odorata, Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior and so forth, and naturalized ratio was 17.1%. The naturalized made up about 45 percent of the species composition. The specific plants by floristic region were 13 taxa including Euryale ferox., Hydrocharis dubia, Prunus davidiana and so forth.