• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.29-48
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• 2012

From ancient to modern days, Koreans have preferred and even worshiped white clothes to the extent that they are called "the white-clad race", and the color black has seldom been used for women's clothes. In western countries too, it was only after Chanel that black color came to represent feminine beauty. Black clothes were introduced in Korea after the opening of its ports to foreign countries in 1876 and have mainly been worn as a practical clolor for winter coats and school uniforms. The traditional preference for white and other bright colors continued well into the 1980s. However, the industrialization and urbanization caused by economic development and the influx of western cultures and ideas in the 1980s brought about the westernization of Korean aesthetic consciousness and resulted in the phenomenon of modern Korean women's preference for black fashion that became conspicuous from 1991. With the introduction of western fashion after the opening of the country in 1876, the spiritual values contained in preference for white clothes have been substituted by materialistic values as people accepted the practical beauty of black fashion, and the inclination toward intrinsic natural beauty intrinsic in the aesthetic senses that preferred white clothes has been replaced by the preference for modern, elegant and sensual beauties of black fashion whose preference has begun in the 1990s.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2006

The oriental life change unit(LCU) models differ from the western LCU model in human behavior, life style, ideas, culture, and psychology factors. Especially, the cause and effect models by behavior scientific approach method have provided the accident proneness concept through the LCU factors. Therefore this paper describes the analytical results of the oriental LCU model and western LCU model. Especially, the death of parents and death of close friend in Korean LCU model feel more acute stress than the western factors. In the case of Korean LCU models between the unmarried and married workers living in the middle area of Korea, death of parents, change in family member's health, change to different line of work, and change in work hours and condition are significant at the significance level of 5%. The priority of life change factors in these models is approved in the order of death of parents, death of spouse, death of close family member, and death of close friend. Finally, the result of this paper can be easily used in order to minimize the industrial accidents by the job stress with the worker and safety manager in real fields.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is research on the characteristics of post-modernism expressed on western hair styles in the late 20th century. Therefore this thesis analyzed the relationship of modernism & the hair styles of that mage and post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. That will re-illuminate the same beauty worth of same age as to accurate the concept of post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. And the last, criticizing the post-modernism design and that hair design, helping to find new trends. The method of this study was the literature research & analysis of visual materials focus on upper bust image that can know the relationship of modernism & the hair styles of that mage, and post-modernism & the hair styles of that mage. First, the literature research is composed of analysis of theses, magazines on art, clothing and cosmetology having the contents of 20th century western culture, art and hair styles. Second, the analysis of visual materials is composed of analysis of video films, slide films and photographs of books, magazines, and internet home-pages. Modern western hair styles, appeared after 1910's, is represented as a short cut & permanent wave. That express experimentalism, functionalism, and purism, that is same as the other art's trend of same age. Post-modern western hair styles, appeared after 1960's, also show the same trend with same age's. This summarized & characterized 8 categories; historical method, pluralism, negotiation, escape from the formality, recovery of humanity, ornament, connection with race, metaphor & symbolism. But post-modernism concentrating pluralism makes easy making low quality art and absence of criticism, so this thesis criticised it 5 categories; absence of ideas, absence of the social sense of responsibility, lost of one's characteristics, decline of skills, decline of worth of usages.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2011

Designs of Takashi Sugimoto suggested new concepts on the space after broking out fixed ideas, and attempted spatial expressions differently from existing interior decorations through independent thoughts and new interpretations. It is showing orientalism's influences strongly based on Japanese traditional beauty unlike western country's design trends. Takashi Sugimoto is implementing unique own design viewpoints by using materials in nature rather than artificial ones, and stressing extra ordinary view of the world having been edited with daily life through traditions and local cultures along with recycling old daily goods and wastes rather than pursuing modem and futuristic spatiality. Sugimoto thought that beautiful designs and uncommon ideas could be gotten from simple daily experiences, and thus materialized it with a technique of extraordinary daily life's implementation through such design viewpoints. Also, He pursues designs in which dense communications are made variously between spaces, space and user, and this becomes design techniques having been used mostly in his projects. It creates soft boundaries through using certain objet as an intermediate of doing communication or erasing physical boundaries, and then induces close communication within the space. This design viewpoints and techniques of Takashi Sugimoto have directed own discriminated designs nowadays.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.89-112
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• 2017

Today, we face many problems at the planetary, national, local, and personal level. What is interesting and important is the fact that the environmental crisis that we have been facing since the 1960s is seen by many environmentalists as a crisis of Western civilization, a slow collective suicide, and "the defining challenge of our age." This fact has encouraged many environmentalists, thinkers, and activists to turn to the wisdom of the East for a better and deeper understanding of nature and humanity for a sustainable future. Moreover, environmental, social, and economic threats are aimed at everyone without discrimination, be they Christian, Jew, Muslim, or Buddhist. Therefore, the very nature of the environmental crisis and challenge requires a cooperative, global response. In this context, this study suggests that Eastern societies may re-discover the richness of their own traditions in the light of pressing environmental problems and offer new insights to respond to these problems. This paper will explore the possibility and relevance of Sir Muhammad Iqbal's (1877-1938) ideas for an attitude of reverence and care for nature. It will suggest that his ideas could enlarge and enrich our perspective of ourselves vis $\grave{a}$ vis nature, and raise our "ecological consciousness" and moral responsibility to take action for the environment. It will be argued that Iqbal, as a great and towering son of the Silk Road and a bridge between East and West, is still relevant for us.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2000

From the ancient civilization, Japanese have maintained a homogeneous domestic culture while they have constantly received external ideas. They have received many conflicting and contradictory ideas and phenomena and surprisingly, they blend them successfully into their own culture. For them, the series of impacts from other civilizations have dissolved each equivalent individual elements for their successive culture. The introduction of Portuguese arquebus in the mid 16th century was a monumental event of Japanese technological development based on military initiatives. In terms of the Japanese import of western civilization from the time onward, the Meiji restoration could be explained the extension of the process modernization. Modern Japanese design is a unique case created through the close relationship between industry and cultural traditions. Such a role of traditional values and an alliance between political decision and economic program in post war years show two-fold implications

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

This study was conducted to establish a service philosophy as a major ideology in the New Economy and Society. The service philosophy, which is the ideological foundation to lead the service economy era, should be an idea that can develop the new economy society, reflecting the nature principle of the universe and human being. The service philosophy was derived based on the study of the human representative ideology and the study of the new economy and service essence. A good idea must be consistent with the principles of the universe and be consistent with the essence of the human representative ideology, so that it reflects the core principles of the universe and the core of human representative ideas. In addition, the central idea should reflect the changes of the New Economy Society in the future. Therefore, the essence of the service and the change of the New Economy Society were analyzed. We analyzed the social and philosophical significance of the macroscopic cosmology and the microscopic quantum theory of modern physics. We analyzed the essence of Oriental and Western representative ideas and derived implications of these ideas from the viewpoint of modern society where service is central. Based on the essence principle of the universe and human, we have established the service philosophy structure and derived the human, historical, social, economic, and managerial aspects of service philosophy. The structure of the derived service philosophy was presented, and discussions were conducted for future research.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.90-98
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• 2010

The concepts of laws like regularity or persistence or recurrence those are discovered in nature, became the essential elements in speculative philosophy, study and scientific technology. Western civilization was spread out by these natural laws. As this background, this study is aimed to research the theories of natural laws and the development of geometry as the descriptive tools and the development aspects of the concepts of space. According to Whitehead's four theories on the natural laws, the result of this study that aimed like that as follows. First, the theories on the immanence and imposition of the natural laws were the predominant ideas from ancient Greek to before the scientific revolution, the theory on the simple description like the positivism made the Newton-Cartesian mechanism and an absolutist world view. The theory on the conventional interpretation made the organicism and relativism world view according to non-Euclidean geometry. Second, the geometrical composition of ancient Greek architecture was an aesthetics that represented the immanence of natural laws. Third, in the basic symbol of medieval times, the numeral symbol was the frame of thought and was an important principal of architecture. Fourth, during the Renaissance, architecture was regarded as mathematics that made the order of universe to visible things and the geometry was regarded as an important architectural principal. Fifth, according to the non-Euclidean geometry, it was possible to present the natural phenomena and the universe. Sixth, topology made to lapse the division of traditional floor, wall and ceiling in contemporary architecture and made to build the continuous space. Seventy, the new nature was explained by fractal concepts not by Euclidean shapes, fractal presented that the essence of nature had not mechanical and linear characteristic but organic and non-linear characteristic.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.42
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• pp.475-503
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• 2016

This paper explores the extent of the Christian influence of Liang Fa's Quanshiliangyan and Isaachar J. Roberts on Hong Xiuquan and the Taiping Movement. Hong's religious background was in Confucianism, but when he encountered Liang Fa's Quanshiliangyan, he identified with Christianity. Subsequently, he studied with Roberts for two or three months. The religious experiences of Hong served as motives for the establishment of the Society of God Worshippers and the Taiping Movement. Therefore, this paper develops Liang's key ideas and Roberts' main teachings, describes Hong's beliefs and the actual practices of the Taiping Movement, as found in official documents of the Taipings, and compares their similarities and differences. Hong and his leaders received the new ideas of Christianity at the expense of their traditional culture. Furthermore, they attempted to combine Chinese culture with Christianity, as well as believe in Christianity to the limits of their understanding. Finally, this study finds that even though the Quanshiliangyan and Isaachar J. Roberts may have given the Taiping Movement its religious form and driving force, the theological vision of both Liang and Hong that also emerged from their Chinese culture energized the Taipings. The Taiping Movement resulted from a deliberate synthesis of Christian ideas and native Chinese practices in China.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

This study analyzed the service philosophy of Eastern mainstream thought in order to establish a service philosophy. Following a prior study the "study of the service philosophy of major korean ideology", we explored the service philosophy of the Eastern mainstream ideology of China and India and it's coherence. The existing basic structure and operational model of service philosophy were presented in depth and the service philosophy of Oriental mainstream thought was derived. The philosophy of service can be presented as an idea of the structure of the service and as an idea of the operation of the service. It suggested compatibility of the service philosophy of Asian mainstream ideas, and analyzed them mainly in China and India. Indian ideas revolved around the ancient philosophy of Veda, Upanishads philosophy, and representative Buddhist philosophy. It also showed that a major trend of mainstream ideas in China and India was found to be compatible with the service philosophy. Follow-up studies are needed to further refine the structure of service philosophy and develop the principles of operation into larger ideas in the future, and a study of conformity of service philosophy in representative Western ideas, focusing on Greek, Roman, and German philosophy, is also required. Ultimately, it is necessary to establish a service philosophy as an ideological base that drives future economic and social development.