• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.676-682
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• 2008

Numerical analysis was carried out to examine the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of plate heat exchangers for absorption application using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) technique. A commercial CFD software package, FLUENT was used to predict the characteristics of heat transfer, pressure drop and flow distribution within plate heat exchangers. In this paper, a welded plate heat exchanger with the plate of chevron embossing type was numerically analyzed by controlling mass flow rate, solution concentration, and inlet temperatures. The working fluid is $H_2O$/LiBr solution with the LiBr concentration of 50-60% in mass. The numerical simulation shows reasonably good agreement with the experimental results. Also, the numerical results show that plate of the chevron shape gives better results than plate of the elliptical shape from the view points of heat transfer and pressure drop. These results provide a guideline to apply the welded PHE for the solution heat exchanger of absorption systems.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.496-503
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• 2007

Although weld-induced deformation is inevitable in shipbuilding, it is important to reduce it as low as possible during fabrication for a more efficient production of ships' blocks. The weld-induced deformation is more serious in thin plates than in thick plates because heat affect zone of thin plates is wider than that of thick plates, and in addition internal and external constraints much more influence upon weld-induced deformation of thin plates. This paper deals with the application of the mechanical tensioning method to butt weld of thin plates to reduce the transverse and longitudinal deformation. in order to investigate the quantitative effect of tensioning method upon the reduction of angular deformation and shrinkage in longitudinal and transverse direction of weld line, butt welding test have been carried out for several thin plate specimens with varying plate thickness and magnitude of tensile load. Numerical simulation has been also carried out to compare the weld-induced deformation and residual stress. From the present study, it has been found that the tensioning method is very effective on reduction of weld-induced residual stress as well as weld-induced deformation.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1252-1264
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 실제 산업현장에서 이용되고 있는 5자유도의 수직 다관절형 로 봇과 2자유도의 포지셔너를 하나의 기구학적 모델로 모델링하여 기구학적 해석을 하고 이때 발생하는 여유자유도제어 및 그 타당성을 검토하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 먼저 역기구학적 해를 여유자유도인 포지셔너의 틸팅(tilting) 관절각을 고정한 후 6자유도 의 로봇으로 모델링하여 해석적으로 구하는 방법을 제시하고, Jacobian행렬을 통해 특 이상태를 분석하고자 한다. 또한 여유자유도가 특이성회피를 목적으로 하는 R-P 시 스템의 작업성능에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알기 위해 역기구학적 해로부터 구한 각 관절각을 Jacobian 행렬을 이용하는 조작성지수식에 대입하여 조작성지수를 얻고, 이 조작성지수의 등고선그래프로부터 높은 작업성능을 갖는 여유자유도 각을 구하고자 한 다. 아울러, 주작업 및 특이성회피를 목적으로 하는 부작업을 만족시키는 여유자유 도 제어방법의 경우에 높은 작업성능을 갖는 방향으로 관절각이 변화하는지를 역기구 학적 해만을 이용한 경우와 비교 검토하고자 한다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2006

The resistance spot-welded region in most current finite element crash models is characterized as a rigid beam at the location of the welded spot. The region is modeled to fail with a failure criterion which is a function of the axial and shear load at the rigid beam. The calculation of the load acting on the rigid beam is important to evaluate the failure of the spot-weld. In this paper, numerical simulation is carried out to evaluate the calculation of the load at the rigid beam. At first, the load on the spot-welded region is calculated with the precise finite element model considering the residual stress due to the thermal history during the spot welding procedure. And then, the load is compared with the one obtained from the model used in the crash analysis with respect to the element size, the element shape and the number of imposed constraints. Analysis results demonstrate that the load acting on the spot-welded element is correctly calculated by the change of the element shape around the welded region and the location of welded constrains. The results provide a guideline for an accurate finite element modeling of the spot-welded region in the crash analysis of vehicles.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2013

In this paper, we present a MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) implantable blood pressure sensor which has designed and fabricated with consideration of size, design flexibility, and wireless detection. Mechanical and electrical characterizations of the sensor were obtained by mathematical analysis and computer aided simulation. The sensor is composed of two coils and a air gap capacitor formed by separation of the coils. Therefore, the sensor produces its resonant frequency which is changed by external pressure variation. This frequency movement is detected by inductive coupling between the sensor and an external antenna coil. Theoretically analyzed resonant frequency of the sensor under 760 mmHg was calculated to 269.556 MHz. Fused silica was selected as sensor material with consideration of chemical and electrical reaction of human body to the material. $2mm{\times}5mm{\times}0.5mm$ pressure sensors fitted to radial artery were fabricated on the substrates by consecutive microfabrication processes: sputtering, etching, photolithography, direct bonding and laser welding. Resonant frequencies of the fabricated sensors were in the range of 269~284 MHz under 760 mmHg pressure.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.397-408
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• 2018

In a recent tragic fire incident, the Plasco Tower collapsed after an intense outburst of fire lasting for three and a half hours and claiming the lives of 16 firefighters and 6 civilians. This paper will present continuing collaborative work between Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Queen's University in Canada to model the progressive collapse of the tower. The fire started at the 10th floor and was observed to have travelled along the floor horizontally and through the staircase and windows vertically. Plasco Tower was steel structure and all the steel sections were fabricated by welding standard European channel or angle profiles and no fire protection was applied. Four internal columns carried the loads transferred by the primary beams, and box columns were constructed along the perimeter of the building as a braced tube for resisting seismic loading. OpenSees fibre-based sections and displacement-based beam-column elements are used to model the frames, while shell elements are used for the reinforced concrete floor slabs. The thermal properties and elevated temperature mechanical properties are as recommended in the Eurocodes. The results in this preliminarily analysis are based on rough estimations of the structure's configuration. The ongoing work looks at modeling the Plasco Tower based on the most accurate findings from reviewing many photographs and collected data.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2021

Currently, 6-axis articulated robots are used throughout the industry because of their 6-dof (degrees of freedom) and usability. However, 6-axis articulated robots have a fixed base and their movements are limited by the rotational operating range of each axis. If the angle of the 2-axis additional axes can be adjusted according to the position and orientation of the end-effector of the 6-axis articulated robot, the effectiveness of the 6-axis articulated robot can be further increased in areas where the angle is important, such as welding. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a cooperative kinematic inter-operation strategy. The strategy will be verified using the Simulink of MATLABⓇ, an engineering program, and RecurdynⓇ, a dynamic simulation program.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.591-598
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• 2022

The article deals with the possibilities of vibration stimulation. Based on the stability analysis, a multi-scale approach with a modified whole-building model is implemented. The motion equation is configured for a controlled bridge with a MDOF (multiple dynamic degrees of freedom) Tuned Mass Damper (M-TMD) system, and a combination of welding, excitation, and control effects is used with its advanced packages and commercial software submodel. Because the design of high-performance and efficient structural systems has been of interest to practical engineers, systematic methods of structural and functional synthesis of control systems must be used in many applications. The smart method can be stabilized by properly controlling the high frequency injection limits. The simulation results illustrate that the multiple modeling method used is consistent with the accuracy and high computational efficiency. The M-TMD system, even with moderate reductions in critical pressure, can significantly suppress overall feedback on an unregulated design.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.741-749
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• 2022

산업체에서 용접구조물을 파괴 없이 품질을 검증하는 방사선투과검사는 압도적으로 많이 이용되지만, 방사선을 이용함에 따라 많은 안전사항이 요구된다. 방사선투과검사 작업종사자는 검사부재의 이동유무에 따라 감마선조사기인 운반용기에 내장된 Iridium-192 방사선원을 사용시설 내 혹은 사용시설 외의 장소에서 이동시켜 작업을 수행 한다. 일반적인 사용시설은 두꺼운 콘크리트로 외부와 방사선을 전면 차단한 시설이지만, 검사부재의 취급이 용이하지 않은 등의 사유로 천장이 개방된 사용시설이 있다. 일반적인 사용시설은 외부가 모두 차단되어 이론적인 선량 평가 방법을 통하여 건설하여도 무방하지만, 천장이 개방된 경우 스카이샤인효과로 인하여 단순 이론적인 계산 방법으로 방사선 안전성을 평가하는 것은 적합하지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실제 현장에서 해당 시설의 방사선 안전성을 이온챔버형 방사선측정기와 누적선량계형인 OSLD를 통하여 평가하고, 실제 평가 환경을 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 코드인 플루카를 이용하여 모델링 및 평가를 하였다. 해당 시설에서 조사방향에 따라 시설 경계의 방사선량은 규제기관에서 정하는 기준을 만족하기 어려웠고, 추가의 방법을 통하여 방사선 안전성을 확보할 수 있었다. 또한, Iridium-192 선원을 이용한 시뮬레이션 결과가 실제 측정값과 유효한 결과임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.478-488
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• 2018

In this study, three kinds of steels are manufactured by varying the rolling conditions, and their microstructures are analyzed. Tensile and Charpy impact tests are performed at room temperature to investigate the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties. In addition, heat affected zone(HAZ) specimens are fabricated through the simulation of the welding process, and the HAZ microstructure is analyzed. The Charpy impact test of the HAZ specimens is performed at $-40^{\circ}C$ to investigate the low temperature HAZ toughness. The main microstructures of steels are quasi-polygonal ferrite and pearlite with fine grains. Because coarse granular bainite forms with an increasing finish rolling temperature, the strength decreases and elongation increases. In the steel with the lowest reduction ratio, coarse granular bainite forms. In the HAZ specimens, fine acicular ferrites are the main features of the microstructure. The volume fraction of coarse bainitic ferrite and granular bainite increases with an increasing finish rolling temperature. The Charpy impact energy at $-40^{\circ}C$ decreases with an increasing volume fraction of bainitic ferrite and granular bainite. In the HAZ specimen with the lowest reduction ratio, coarse bainitic ferrite and granular bainite forms and the Charpy impact energy at $-40^{\circ}C$ is the lowest.