• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

An experimental study on the ultimate behaviors of the mild carbon steel (SPHC) fillet-welded connection is presented in this paper. Seven specimens were fabricated by the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). All specimens failed by typical block shear fracture in the base metal of welded connections not weld metal. Block shear fracture observed in the base metal of welded connection is a combination of single tensile fracture transverse to the loading direction and two shear fractures longitudinal to the loading direction. Test strengths were compared with strength predictions by the current design equations and suggested equations by previous researchers. It is known that current design specifications (AISC2010 and KBC2016) and Oosterhof & Driver's equation underestimated overly the ultimate strength of the welded connection by on average 44%, 31%, respectively and prediction by Topkaya's equation was the closest to the test results. Consequently, modified equation is required to be proposed considering the stress triaxiality effect and material property difference on the block shear strength for base metal fracture in welded connections fabricated with mild carbon steel.

• 국제강구조저널
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1139-1152
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• 2018

Many studies on the application of stainless steels as structural materials in buildings and infra-structures have been performed thanks to superior characteristics of corrosion resistance, fire resistance and aesthetic appeal. Experimental investigation to estimate the ultimate strength and fracture mode of the fillet-welded connections of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel (STS304L) with better intergranular corrosion resistance than that of austenitic stainless steel, STS304 commonly used has carried out by authors. Specimens were fabricated to fail by base metal fracture not weld metal fracture with main variables of weld lengths according to loading direction. All specimens showed a block shear fracture mode. In this paper, finite element analysis model was developed to predict the ultimate behaviors of welded connection and its validity was verified through the comparison with test results. Since the block shear behavior of welded connection due to stress triaxiality and shear-lag effects is different from that of bolted connection, stress and strain distributions in the critical path of tensile and shear fracture section were investigated. Test and analysis strengths were compared with those by current design specifications such as AISC, EC3 and existing researcher's proposed equations. In addition, through parametric analysis with extended variables, the conditions of end distance and longitudinal weld length for block shear fracture and tensile fracture were suggested.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2019

Recently, lean duplex stainless steel, STS329FLD with less nickel (reduced to 0.5~1.5%) has been developed as a substitute of austenitic stainless steel (8%~10.5% nickel in STS304) and included in Korean standards (KS). This paper investigates the block shear behavior of cold-formed duplex stainless steel (STS329FLD, nominal plate thickness of 1.5mm) fillet-welded connection with base metal fracture. Main variables are weld lengths in the longitudinal and the transverse directions of applied force ranged from 20mm to 50mm. As a result, specimens failed by typical block shear facture (the combination of gross section tensile fracture and shear fracture or shear yielding) and ultimate strength of the specimens got higher with the increase of weld length. Block shear fracture strengths predicted by current design specifications (KBC2016/AISC2016 and EC3) and existing proposed equations for welded connections by Topkaya, Oosterhof & Driver and Lee et al. were compared with test strengths. KBC2016/AISC2016 and EC3 design specifications underestimated block shear strength of STS329FLD welded connections by on average 24%, 29%, respectively and Oosterhof & Driver, Topkaya and Lee et al's equations overestimated the ultimate strength of the welded connection by the range of 3% to 44%.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2016

최근에 스테인리스강의 우수한 연성과 내식성 등의 재료적 특성으로 건축물의 구조용 강재로 적용하기 위한 많은 연구들이 수행되어 오고 있다. 특히, 니켈을 거의 함유하고 있지 않은 페라이트계 스테인리스강은 재료비 측면에서 니켈을 함유하고 있는 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강에 비해 저렴하고 탄소강에 비해서는 월등한 내식성능과 구조성능을 제공하기 때문에 그 사용성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 페라이트계 스테인리스강 용접접합부에 있어 용착금속이 아닌 모재 블록전단파단의 구조적 거동을 조사하기 위해 용접길이와 용접방법(아크, 티그)을 변수로 하여 단순인장 실험을 실시하였다. 용접접합부의 블록전단 거동은 용접에 의한 삼축응력효과 때문에 볼트접합부의 블록전단 거동과 상이하며, 현행설계기준식은 이러한 특성을 반영하지 못하고 있다. 티그용접 접합부의 변형능력과 최대내력이 아크용접 접합부보다 높게 나타났고, 현행기준식과 기존연구자에 의해 제시된 내력식에 의한 예측내력과 실험결과 최대내력을 비교 검토하였다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2002

For the evaluation of a flaw in a welded stainless steel by the Time of Flight Diffraction(TOFD) Method, we have made the reference specimen for experimentation. As a result, we could analyze a specific character and the inner state of the structure in a welded stainless steel and we came to the conclusion as followed. (1) For analyze the structure state of a section in a welded stainless steel through the optical microscope, we could have analyzed the generated shape and the location of a flaw and the inner parts of the structure state through the microscope of eighty magnification and two hundred magnification about the soundness, the heat affected zone(HAZ) and the welded part. (2) Through the comparison with the shape and the size of a flaw in the welded part about the conventional ultrasonic test and the TOFD Method, we could make an observation the special character of the TOFD Method and principles. (3) We analyzed and collected the merit of the TOFD Method on the basis of the experimental result by the shape and the size of a flaw in the inner welded parts. So, we made up a base that we could use as a basic data for a similar flaw like that. Through the study as mentioned above, we could make an observation the flaw detective method and principles used in the TOFD Method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제87권5호
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• pp.487-498
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• 2023

Unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings are extensively adopted in many of the growing nations, particularly in India. Window or door openings are required for architectural or functional reasons, which pose a threat to the building's safety. The past earthquakes have shown that the seismic capability of these structures was very weak. Strengthening these unreinforced masonry walls using welded wire mesh (WWM) is one of the most commonly and economical methods. The present experimental study investigates the impact of openings on the shear behaviour of URM walls and the effectiveness of WWM in enhancing the shear performance of masonry wall. In the experimental program 16 specimens were cast, 8 unstrengthen and 8 strengthened specimens, under 8 unstrengthen and strengthened specimens, every 2 specimens had 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% openings and all these walls were tested under diagonal compression. The results show that the shear carrying capacity reduces as the opening percentage increases. However, strengthening the URM specimens using WWM significantly improves the peak load, shear strength, ductility, stiffness, and energy dissipation. Furthermore, the strengthening of the URM walls using WWM compensated the loss of wall capacity caused by the presence of the openings.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 1991

The most fatigue tests carried out under the either stress or strain control, but machines and structures had taken variable stress. This variable stress was treated as statistics based on p-type distributions. In this paper, the cumulative fatigue damage of SM45C round bar specimens having a center hole resulting from block loading with p-distributions in rotating bending conditions, is presented. The value of p was changed in the range from 0.25 to 1; 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1. The following conclusions were obtained through the constant stress amplitude experiments and the block loading experiments. (1) In constant loading test, fatigue life was affected by cyclic rate. From experimental data, N$_{f}$ (100cpm)/N$_{f}$(3000cpm)equal to 0.56. (2) In case of the cyclic rate 100cpm and 3000cpm, at the high stress amplitude level the crack propagation life N$_{*}$f is longer than the low stress amplitude level. (3) Miner's hypothesis may be valid for p=0.75 and prediction of fatigue life by Haibach's method agree with experimental data well for the case p=0.5, while the modified Miner's method agree with experimental data well for the case p=0.25.5.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.626-631
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• 2012

In this study, fatigue life of the motor block bracket units for KTX-Sancheon trains was assessed. Design evaluation for railway structures was performed based on the UIC 566 regulation, and test and evaluation of fatigue life in welded parts was performed in accordance with standard ERRI B 12/RP17 and ERRI B 12/RP60. The actual vehicle dynamic stress testing was executed in KTX-Sancheon service line with the service operating speed. The dynamic stress was measured with commercial data acquisition system (MGC plus). The cumulative damage was evaluated by applying standard BS 7608 - Class F and cycle counting was used rain-flow counting method. As a result, the motor block bracket units for KTX-Sancheon trains was designed to fit the regulation and the safety of fatigue life for 30 years, assuming that KTX-Sancheon trains travels 600,000km annually, were confirmed under current operating conditions.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2011

A thermal distortion analysis which takes strains directly as boundary conditions removed barrier of analysis time for the evaluation of welding distortion in a large shell structure like ship block. If the FE analysis time is dramatically reduced, the structure modeling time or the input-value calculating time will become a new issue. On the contrary to this, if the calculation time of analysis input-value is dramatically reduced and its results also are more meaningful, a little longer analysis time could be affirmative. In this study, instead of using inherent strain based on elastic analysis, a thermal strain based on elasto-plastic analysis is used as the boundary condition of weldments in order to evaluate the welding distortion. Here, the thermal strain at the weldment was established by using a stress-strain curve established from the test results. It is possible to automatically recognize the modeling induced-stiffness in the shrinkage direction of welded or heated region. The validity of elasto-plastic thermal distortion analysis was verified through the experiment results with various welding sequence.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.1140-1147
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• 2010

To find the soil plug of steel piles shaped by jet grouting, 4 blocks of cement milk with cube of 1.2m were made. 4 open-ended steel piles on the blocks were rested. The inner end part of 2 the piles was not reinforced. Cement milk 65%(SIG-1) and 100%(RJP-1) were filled into the block and height of 4.2 times of inner the pile diameter respectively. And the other the piles were welded 2 steel ring. The filling of the cement milk was an equal method as before(SIG-2 and RJP-2). Also the strain gauges were installed and the static pile load tests were done at the piles all. As a result, list in great order for effect of soil plug was (1)SIG-1, (2)SIG-2, (3)RJP-1, (4)RJP-2. This is because of strength and filling height of cement milk. And the higher the strength is, the greater the confining coefficient is.