• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2003

The present investigations were carried out for the most and fundamental elements, what is called maneuverability, stability, safety, rig, sail about the world famous race, VOLVO60 and America's cup. The results obtained are summarized as follows: First, the structure of yacht should be designed with focuse on the preparation for the preparation of collision with other yachts around, with the dumps of iceberg and also whales nearby. At the same time, the accurate calculation on the each structure and equipment of yacht should be processed for the dynamic stability in the rainstorms. Second, VOLVO60, long-distance sailing, should be emphasized on the light weight and the safety, while the boat for America's cup, short-distance sailing, should be stressed on the appropriate weight of the body and the maximum speed for fast maneuverability. Third, up-to-the minute materials should be developed for the appropriate wind power and the turning of directions.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.225-239
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• 2010

This paper introduces a new approach to modeling relative distance among nodes under a variety of communication rates, due to node's mobility in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). When mobile nodes move to another location, the relative distance of communicating nodes will directly affect the data rate of transmission. The larger the distance between two communicating nodes is, the lower the rate that they can use for transferring data will be. The connection certainty of a link also changes because a node may move closer to or farther away out of the communication range of other nodes. Therefore, the stability of a route is related to connection entropy. Taking into account these issues, this paper proposes a new routing metric for MANETs. The new metric considers both link weight and route stability based on connection entropy. The problem of determining the best route is subsequently formulated as the minimization of an object function formed as a linear combination of the link weight and the connection uncertainty of that link. The simulation results show that the proposed routing metric improves end-to-end throughput and reduces the percentage of link breakages and route reparations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 1985

The proposed seal identification procedure consists of the smoothing, rotation, thinning, and matching techniques. The seal images which are scanned by CCTV are thresholded into the binary prctures of $256{\times}256$ pixels through A/D converter and 6502 microcomputer. After the sample and target images are ratated into an identical orientation, a thinning process is used to extract the skeletons of the character strobes. The wighted map is constructed by distance weight from which the distance weighted correlation C is computed. The C is compared with the dicision constant C or C for the purpose of seal indentification. The identification rate is 95% and the total CPU time is less than 3 minutes for each identification in the experiment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.405-423
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• 2022

The distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) is one of the emblematic algorithms that use node connectivity for locating, which often accompanies by a large positioning error. To reduce positioning error, the bio-inspired algorithm and weight optimization model are introduced to address positioning. Most scholars argue that the weight value decreases as the hop counts increases. However, this point of view ignores the intrinsic relationship between the error and weight. To address this issue, this paper constructs the relationship model between error and hop counts based on actual communication characteristics of sensor nodes in wireless sensor network. Additionally, we prove that the error converges to 1/6CR when the hop count increase and tendency to infinity. Finally, this paper presents a modified error-oriented weight positioning model, and implements it with genetic algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate excellent robustness and error removal.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.612-624
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a surface-based registration using a gaussian weighted distance map for PET-CT brain image fusion. Our method is composed of three main steps: the extraction of feature points, the generation of gaussian weighted distance map, and the measure of similarities based on weight. First, we segment head using the inverse region growing and remove noise segmented with head using region growing-based labeling in PET and CT images, respectively. And then, we extract the feature points of the head using sharpening filter. Second, a gaussian weighted distance map is generated from the feature points in CT images. Thus it leads feature points to robustly converge on the optimal location in a large geometrical displacement. Third, weight-based cross-correlation searches for the optimal location using a gaussian weighted distance map of CT images corresponding to the feature points extracted from PET images. In our experiment, we generate software phantom dataset for evaluating accuracy and robustness of our method, and use clinical dataset for computation time and visual inspection. The accuracy test is performed by evaluating root-mean-square-error using arbitrary transformed software phantom dataset. The robustness test is evaluated whether weight-based cross-correlation achieves maximum at optimal location in software phantom dataset with a large geometrical displacement and noise. Experimental results showed that our method gives more accuracy and robust convergence than the conventional surface-based registration.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.145-158
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• 2005

To clarify the growth of Phragmites communis along the distance from the land, and investigate the effects by cutting the aboveground part, the height and dry weight of this species were surveyed from 2000 to 2001 on natural stands at tidal-flat of Hogog-ri, Jugog-myeon, Whaseong-city, Gyeonggi Province. At the stand near the rice paddy, mean density, mean height, dry weight per plant and dry weight per unit area of P. communis were $122.67plants/m^2$, 100.36 cm, 4.241 g, and $537.574/m^2$, respectively. The sizes of P. communis conspicuously increased from seaside to land side. At the stand isolated from the land, these properties were $102.30plants/m^2$ (in density), 43.894 cm (in height), 0.779 g/plant and $73.495g/m^2$, respectively, and the sizes of P. communis at the land side were relatively similar to those at sea side. The cutting of aboveground part resulted to the decrease of density and dry weight per unit area in next year, but did not influence on the height and weight per plant of P. communis.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1802-1807
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• 2004

When a construction company builds a high structure, many piles should be driven into the ground by a hammer whose weight is 7,000 Kg in order to make the ground under the structure safe and strong. So, it is essential to determine whether a pile is penetrated into the ground enough to support the weight of the structure since ground characteristics at different locations are different each other. This paper proposes a visual measurement system for pile rebound and penetration movement including vibration using a high-speed line-scan camera and a specially designed mark to recognize two-dimensional motion parameters of the mark using only a line-scan camera. A mark stacking white and black right-angled triangles is used for the measurement, and movement information for vertical distance, horizontal distance and rotational angle is determined simultaneously

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2017

A general linearly constrained narrowband adaptive array is examined in the eigenvector space. The optimum weight vector in the eigenvector space is shown to have the same performance as in the standard coordinate system, except that the input signal correlation matrix and look direction steering vector are replaced with the eigenvalue matrix and transformed steering vector. It is observed that the variation in gain factor results in the variation in the distance between the constraint plane and the origin in the translated weight vector space such that the increase in gain factor decreased the distance from the constraint plane to the origin, thus affecting the nulling performance. Simulation results showed that the general linearly constrained adaptive array performed better at an optimal gain factor compared with the conventional linearly constrained adaptive array in a coherent signal environment and the former showed similar performance as the latter in a noncoherent signal environment.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 2000

This study investigates the influence of cane length on the weight distribution of the elderly in a standing position. Thirty participants were evaluated using two different cane lengths based on measurements of distal wrist crease to ground (WC cane), and distance of greater trochanter to ground (GT cane). A limloader was used to determine the weight distribution on the subject. It was found that 6.5% of body weight was supported on a GT cane and 7.7% of body weight supported on a WC cane in a standing position. Results suggests that more weight is distributed on a WC cane than a GT cane in the elderly.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2006

The main advantages of the Dry CVT with V-belt, which has been popular in Asia, are a simple mechanism, less maintenance and low cost. The important factors which have an influence on the performance of the CVT are the weight of the centrifugal roller, the change of axial distance and spring force. Based on an experiment, the effects of load torque, speed ratio, and revolution of both the driving pulley and the driven pulley during the alteration of the axial distance, roller weight and spring constant were studied.