• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2002

Objective : This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the hormones and cytokines associated with bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Method : Twenty-four Female-Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham operated(normal) group, ovariectomized(control)group, ovariectomized and treated with extract Caraganae Sinicae Radix(treated) group. Each group was investigated the changes of body weight at 3,5,7weeks after treatment, and femur weight, femur/body weight, thickness of compact bone of body of femur, area of cancellous bone of distal epiphysis of femur, serum estrogen, serum calcitonin, serum parathormone, serum Tumor Necrosis $Factor-{\alpha}$, serum $lnterleukin-1{\beta}$ at 7weeks after treatment. The results were summerized as follows; 1. The treated group showed significant change in body weight compared with the control group at 5,7weeks after treatment. 2. The treated group revealed significant increases in femur/body weight compared with the control group. 3. The treated group showed a little thicker compact bone of body of femur than the control group. 4. The area of cancellous bone of distal epiphysis of femur in treated group was increased significantly compared with control group. 5. The level of serum estrogen showed no change compared with control group. 6. The level of serum calcitonin showed no change compared with control group. 7. The level of serum parathormone was decreased in treated group significantly compared with control group. 8. The level of serum $TNF-{\alpha}$ was decreased in treated group significantly compared with control group. 9. The level of serum $interleukin-1{\beta}$ showed no change compared with control group. The results indicate that Caraganae Sinicae Radix inhibits bones resorption in ovariectomized rats by it's lowering effects on serum parathormone and $TNF-{\alpha}$.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2020

This paper presents a kinematic limit analysis for passive earth pressure of rigid retaining structures considering the unsaturation of the backfill. Particular emphasis in the current work is focused on the effects of the spatial change in the degree of saturation on the passive earth pressure under different steady-infiltration/evaporation conditions. The incorporation of change of effective unit weight with degree of saturation is the main contribution of this study. The problem is formulated based on the log-spiral failure model rather than the linear wedge failure model, in which both the spatial variations of suction and soil effective unit weight are taken into account. Parametric studies, which cover a wide range of flow conditions, soil types and properties, wall batter, back slope angle as well as the interface friction angle, are performed to investigate the effects of these factors on the passive pressure and the corresponding shape of potential failure surfaces in the backfill. The results reveal that the flow conditions have significant effects on the suction and unit weight of the clayey backfill, and hence greatly impact the passive earth pressure of retaining structures. It is expected that present study could provide an insight into evaluation of the passive earth pressure of retaining structures with unsaturated backfills.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1998

The Purpose of this study was ta investigate the change of bone density by Partial weight bearing and non-weight bearing exercise. Twelve female volunteers in good health (between 20 and 30 years of age) were studied as subjects. Subjects were divided into three groups; an experimental group 1(n =4 swimming group), group 2(n = 4 bicycle group) and control group=4. Before and after 11weeks(five times a week), the subjects were examined for change of bond density using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The results were summarized as fellows T . There was increase in bone density of femoral neck in the group that swam but there was no difference in lumbar, femoral neck and femoral ward's triangle region (P<0.05) 2. There was increase in hone density of femoral ward's triangle in the group that swam but there was no difference in lumbar, femoral neck and femoral ward's triangle region(P<0.05) 3. After a aerobic exercise by partial weight bearing and non-weight bearing , there was no difference in the part of excessive muscle's exercise but there is the increase of the bone density in figures.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.837-844
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify fat distribution and blood pressure according to anthropometric change patterns between NIDDM patients and control subjects. Methods: Cross-sectionally 167 NIDDM patients and 87 controls were studied. Previous maximal body weight and acute weight loss was obtained. Current height, body weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio(WHR), skinfold thicknesses(abdomen, subscapular & triceps), and blood pressure was measured. Three anthropometric change patterns were categorized by BMI changes from the maximum lifetim's BMI to the current time (obese-obese, obese-nonobese and nonobese-nonobese: obese: BMI$\geq$25kg/m$^2$, nonobese: BMI<25kg/m$^2$). The data was analyzed by $X^2$, t-test, age adjusted ANCOVA and Least Squares Means(LSM) for multiple comparison. Result: Acute body weight loss(p=0.01), anthropometric change types (p=0.001), WHR (p=0.05), and skinfold thickness (p=0.002) of NIDDM were significantly higher than those of the controls. The mean arterial pressure, WHR and skinfold thicknesses were greater in both obese-obese and obese-nonobese NIDDM and control subjects compared with both nonobese-nonobese NIDDM and control subjects. (all p's<0.05). Conclusion: NIDDM patients had more central and upper body adiposicity. Also both obese-obese and obese-nonobese NIDDM and control subjects had higher mean arterial pressures and central body obesity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.973-976
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• 1995

The assessment method of human body composion by bioelectrical impedance is very simple, safe, rapid and noninvasive. Based on prediction formulas for total body water from bioelectrical impedance, the observed weight loss should be associated with an increase in impedance. However in edematous patients for dialysis, the calculated total body water loss as calculated from impedance were overestimated and significantly higher than the weight loss after dialysis. So determination of impedance were made in 50 edematous patients before, during and after dialysis. Mean weight loss, which was assumed to be only loss of water was 1719$\pm$ 866 gr and mean impedance change was 71.0 $\pm$ 23.0 Ohm under 50kHz. Body weight loss was highly correlated [r>0.81 with the increase in body impedance under variable frequencies[1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 kHz . But there were no differences between frequences. In conclusion, clinical application of bioelectrical impedance method is useful for individual edematous patients with new correlation equation[Y=230+26.8X, X;Impedance change, Y;Calculated total body water loss .

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2005

The effects of Chelidonii Herba on the cell mediate and humoral immune responses were investigated in ICR mice. ICR mice received intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts (ether fraction, buthanol fraction, water fraction) for 5 days before sensitization. The change of body weight (%), the organ weight ratio (%), the numbers of RBC and WBC, the ear swelling by dinitrofluorobenzene, the titers of hemagglutination (HA) and hemolysin (HY) to SRBC were determined. The results were as follows; 1. The change of body weight (%) showed a tendency of increasing generally. 2. The weight of spleen (%) revealed decreasing but that of thymus revealed increasing. 3. Ear swelling was maxium at 48 hours after challenge and was significantly decreased in the groups treated with Ether, Buthanol and Water. 4. The numbers of RBC and WBC were decreased generally. 5. HA and HY titers were decreased significantly.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2000

The effects of storage temperature and high relative humidity (RH) on the weight loss, color change, and microbial activity of a mushroom ('Sylvan' hybrid white) were investigated. The experiment was performed at three temperature (5, 10 and $15^{\circ}C$) and four different relative humidity levels (91, 94, 97 and 99%). The weight loss of the tested samples had a highly correlated linear relationship with storage time at each RH level during storage. Both the storage temperature and RH levels in the experiment had signigicant effects (p<0.05) on the weight-loss rate of the tested samples. The loss whiteness of mushrooms was not significantly affected (p>0.05) by RH ranges at the same temperature. No visible damage was caused by either bacteria or fungi in all samples during storage.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2008

The effects of Asiasarum Root on the cell mediated and humoral immune responses were investigated in ICR mice. ICR mice received intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts (ether fraction, butanol fraction, water fraction) for 5 days before sensitization. The change of body weight (%), the organ weight ratio (%), the numbers of RBC and WBC, the ear swelling by dinitrofluorobenzene, the titers of hemagglutination (HA) and hemolysin (HY) to SRBC were determined. The results were as follows; 1. The change of body weight (%) showed a tendency of increasing. 2. The weight of spleen (%) decreased. 3. Ear swelling was maximum at 48 hours after challenge and was significantly decreased in the groups. 4. The numbers of RBC and WBC were decreased. 5. HA and HY titers were decreased.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2013

In this paper, the payload condition is considered and computer simulation is carried out to analyze the dynamic behavior of the middle-sized truck under the condition with different weight and location. The computer model for the truck is established and ADAMS/Car is employed to simulate the truck vehicle. A single lane change and bump-pass simulation are performed to evaluate the performance according to the weight and the position of it. Effects of the location and weight of commercial vehicle are analyzed. According to the simulation results, the front deck is preferred as the load location.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.529-538
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• 2003

Chitosan should be satisfied a certain Mw range for the final application, Low molecular weight chitosan(LMWC) can be acquired by depolymerizing high molecular weight starting chitosan. Using $H_2O_2$ in depolymerizing chitosan is very effective and reproducible in controlling Mw of resulting LMWC. However, $H_2O_2$ can break glycoside linkage of chitosan and oxidize some $-NH_2$ groups in chitosan. It has been reported that decrease in DA(degree of deacetylation) of LMWC prepared by $H_2O_2$. However, any quantitative data of decrease in DA has not been reported yet. In this study, DA of initial chitosan and DA of $H_2O_2$ treated chitosan were measured and the change in DA of chitosan upon $H_2O_2$ treatment were investigated. Change in DA was very different upon $H_2O_2$ treatment condition. LMWC also showed DA change upon time passage. Pre-swelling treatment of initial chitosan and low ratio of $H_2O_2$/chitosan prevented a decrease in DA significantly. Yellowing of LMWC was detected upon time passage, however, decrease in DA was minimal (around 1%).