• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.sup2
• /
• pp.281-288
• /
• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of SSEP monitoring during intracranial aneurysm surgery and compare the characteristics of wave change in relation to neurologic changes between ACA aneurysms and MCA aneurysms. Methods : During recent three years(between January 1997 and November 1999), intraoperative SSEP monitoring had been done in 63 operations for intracranial aneurysms. We had monitored the median nerve SSEP during surgery for aneurysms of MCA and the posterior tibial nerve SSEP for aneurysms of ACoA or ACA. A more than 50% reduction of any cortical SEP response was considered to be a significant SEP change, compared to its baseline value before the start of surgery. Changes in the SEPs were categorized as follows : Type IA, no significant amplitude changes without temporary clipping ; Type IB, no significant amplitude changes with temporary clipping ; Type II, significant changes with temporary clipping and complete return to control amplitude ; Type III, significant changes with temporary clipping and incomplete return to control amplitude ; Type IV, significant changes with temporary clipping and more decreased amplitude changes. Results : Among the 63 intraoperative monitoring, there were 37 cases of ACA aneurysms(An), and 26 of MCA An. The temporary proximal arterial occlusion during surgery were performed in 31(83.8%)cases of ACA An, 22(84.6%) of MCA An. Seven of the 31 ACA An(22.6%) and ten of the 22 MCA An(45.5%) had significant changes. The type were as follows : 4 patients with type II and 3 with type III in the ACA An ; 3 patients with type II and 3 with type III and 4 with type IV in the MCA An. In both group type II changes had no new postoperative neurological deficit. All 6 patients with type III had new neurological deficits ; However, One case in the ACA An and two cases in the MCA An. had transient neurologic deficit and improved markedly over the next two months. All 4 type IV changes in the MCA An. had permanant neurologic deficits. Two out of 30 cases(6.7%) in the ACA An. and one out of 16 cases(6.3%) in the MCA An. without significant amplitude change had new neurologic deficit postoperatively. Conclusion : Based on this study, Intraoperative SSEP monitoring during aneurysm surgery would provide useful information for detecting cerebral ischemia. SSEP response during surgery for MCA An. is more sensitive than ACA An. Otherwise, there were no meaningful difference in rate of false negativity.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.51
• /
• pp.93-118
• /
• 2002

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a psycho-educational group intervention in reducing psychologic distress and enhancing coping in Korean breast cancer patients. The patient selection criteria were age younger than 70 years, having any postoperative adjuvant therapy, and surgery undergone within the previous 12 months as of the start of the study and there were 70 patients eligible for this criteria. They were randomized into three groups; experimental group(24 patients), wait-list control group(24 patients) and wait-list group(36 patients). We conducted a 8-week, structured, psychosocial group intervention, which used psycho-educational strategies combining education and psychological support. Subjects were assessed for psychological distress and coping by administering the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) and the Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised(WCCL-R) at the baseline and after 8 weeks. Forty eight patients were participated and thirty five patients completed the study. The experimental group had significantly lower scores than the controls for depression on the BDI(p=.012) after 8-week intervention. However, coping did not show a significant difference on WCCL-R after the intervention. Despite of some limitations, the results of this study suggest that a short term psychosocial group intervention produces a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients with primary breast carcinoma in Korea in terms of managing depression.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.399-409
• /
• 2009

Many researches have shown that NDVI provides a potential methods to derive meaningful metrics that describe ecosystem functions. In this paper we investigated the use of the MODIS NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) to monitor vegetation phenology dynamics of Northern plateau region, North Korea, during last 9-years (2000~2008). The findings of this paper can be summarized as follows. First, the length of growing season ranged from a low of 128 days in 2003 to a high of 176 days in 2000 and 2005. On the average of the last 9 years, the highest NDVI of 0.86 was marked on 28 July. Greenup onset occurs at the start of May, while the senescence begins between late September and October. Second, these annual vegetation cycles were compared with Seorak and Jiri Mountain regions of South Korea which have similar vegetation condition. Greenup onsets in South Korea were observed earlier than those of North Korea and the average time lag between the South and North Korea in Greenup was about 16 days which is a time-resolution of remotely sensed data. Sub-alpine conifers of such areas may be severely affected by the large of phenological characteristics due to the global warming trend.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.199-222
• /
• 2017

This study explores and compares how three guidebooks on intercultural education in Europe (Education Pack, Intercultural Learning, and Intercultural Education in Primary School) define their objectives, contents, methods, and evaluation in order to promote intercultural education to young people and adults. All these three guidebooks start with the underlying fact that difference is the reality of our societies and propose similar objectives. These guidebooks include furthering an understanding of the reality of an interdependent world, going beyond negative prejudice and stereotypes, and generating positive attitudes and habits of behaviors towards people from other societies and cultures. They also suggest similar contents for intercultural education, which all relate to the discovery of mutual relationships and the dismantling of barriers between people from other cultural backgrounds. However, with regard to methods, they show significant contrast: Education Pack and Intercultural Learning propose several stages that consist of imagining ourself from the outside, understanding the world we live in, being acquainted with other realities, seeing difference positively, and favouring positive attitudes, values and behavior, while Intercultural Education in the Primary School insists on positive learning, discussion and group work. Evaluation remains the least developed area in intercultural education; fortunately, the last guidebook treats this problem more seriously than the first two by dedicating a whole chapter to it. What is required of us now is determining how to adapt the principles and approaches of European intercultural education to Korean societies and schools.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.481-489
• /
• 2019

In order to explore the learning attitude of the learners and the effects of conscious learning attitudes on academic achievement in On-line education system of open high school, we analyze the log data of 2,965 first graders who studied English, Math, Integrated Society and Integrated Science during the first semester of 2018. This study examines the learning status according to the learner's background variables, and analyzes the number of lessons per hour, learning progress rate, learning period, learning start month, and formative evaluation results for each class. In addition, to verify the effects of conscious learning attitude on academic achievement, skewness and kurtosis are calculated by using learning frequency values for each class. As a result, in almost all fields, the average number of lessons per class, study duration, progress rate, and grades, women are higher than men. In addition, the older ones are, the higher they are and the Seoul area is higher than the other area. The average learning period is 2~3 months, and the longer the learning period, the higher the formative evaluation score. Lastly, even though the number of learning is lower than that of learners who concentrate on a certain period of time, the formation scores of learners who learn consciously are higher.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.529-535
• /
• 2018

The range extender vehicle runs on a mechanism that allows the small power generation engine to start in the most efficient specific operating range to charge the battery and extend the mileage. In this study, we developed a step motor type intake air supply system that replaces existing throttle body system to develop a simple low cost control logic system. The system was applied to the existing base engine, and in order to improve the performance by increasing the amount of intake air, the effect of changing the length of the intake and exhaust manifold was experimentally examined. As a result, the Type B intake air control actuator operated by one step motor showed higher performance than the Type A in all the operation region, but the performance was lower than that of the base engine due to the increase of flow resistance. To improve this, it was confirmed that the engine performance was improved at both speeds of 2200rpm and 4300rpm when the 140mm adapter was installed in the intake manifold and when the newly designed 70mm exhaust manifold was applied. Through this process, high - precision operation control was realized by connecting the generator load to the optimized engine for the range extender electric vehicle. Experimental results showed that the speed change rate was within ${\pm}2.5%$ at 2200rpm in 1st stage and 4300rpm in 2nd stage and the speed follow-up result of 610 rpm/s was obtained when the speed was increased from 2200rpm to 4300rpm.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.1445-1473
• /
• 2018

This study aims to analyze research-based spin-off companies, which are established in Innopolis to promote the commercialization of R&D outputs of public institutions. We analyzed 175 technology-based start-ups, which were founded before 2016, to examine how the companies' capabilities affect the sales growth rate. The results show that technological capability and entrepreneurial capability have positive relations with sales growth, while network capability and finance capability do not have significant associations. In addition, R&D intensity (R&D expenditure per employee) has moderating effects on the association between firm capabilities and sales growth rate since it strengthens the effect of technological capability and entrepreneurial capability but weakens the influence of network capability. This study contributes to widening the understanding of the importance of capabilities of research-based spin-off companies and their performance, and differs from most previous literature since it uses objective and quantitative data. It further suggests policy implications that the enhancement of technological and entrepreneurial capability are important for the stable growth of technology-based startups in the early stage.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2019

The KVN(Korean VLBI Network)-style simultaneous multi-frequency receiving mode is demonstrated to be promising for mm-VLBI observations. Recently, other Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) facilities all over the globe start to implement compatible optics systems. Simultaneous dual/multi-frequency VLBI observations at mm wavelengths with international baselines are thus possible. In this paper, we present the results from the first successful simultaneous 22/43 GHz dual-frequency observation with KaVA(KVN and VERA array), including images and astrometric results. Our analysis shows that the newly implemented simultaneous receiving system has brought a significant extension of the coherence time of the 43 GHz visibility phases along the international baselines. The astrometric results obtained with KaVA are consistent with those obtained with the independent analysis of the KVN data. Our results thus confirm the good performance of the simultaneous receiving systems for the nonKVN stations. Future simultaneous observations with more global stations bring even higher sensitivity and micro-arcsecond level astrometric measurements of the targets.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.13
• /
• pp.205-231
• /
• 2006

My suggestions in this paper come out of the review of the records on the Korean-Japanese negotiations(1952-1965). Before January 2002, the enforcement of the public records law, we had a poor management system of the diplomatic records. For a long time the diplomatic records of Korean government has not been preserved and managed according to the international and professional standards. So many important records have been probably lost and unsuitably classified, preserved for the future use. By the coming of public records law this deplorable situation in the management of diplomatic records has been much improved. However the registration, classification, compilation, based on the principle of provenance were not so sufficiently realized. It is now very urgent to employ more archivists in the relevant governmental institutions and organizations, and to introduce the concept of record group for the management of diplomatic papers. Also at the preparatory work for the publication of the diplomatic papers it is strongly needed to make a room for the participation of the civil experts such as historians, archivists and political scientists. In the case of publication of the Korean-Japanese papers it is also necessary to take the relevant American and Japanese governmental records on Korean-Japanese negotiations and private records of the actors of the times into account. Moreover it must be also seriously considered to start a big project for the elaborate edition of the important records of the foreign policy of the nation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.59-71
• /
• 2019

In the rapidly changing industrial environment, the continuous increase in demand for entrepreneurship emphasizes the effective support of the government for the survival and growth of entrepreneurs and the necessity of establishing systematic initiative promotion policies. To this end, Of the total number of enterprises. The purpose of this study is to establish a new classification system for entrepreneurial industry that reflects the trend of entrepreneurship based on convergence technology that emerged during the 4th Industrial Revolution era in order to establish a systematic initiative upbringing policy. In this paper, we propose a new classification system for entrepreneurial ecosystem by using Delphi technique. As a result of the study, the categories of entrepreneurial industry are classified into technology entrepreneurship and general entrepreneurship. Technology entrepreneurship is divided into ICT services, ICT manufacturing, general manufacturing, cultural contents and biotechnology. The results of this study suggest a meaningful implication in the establishment of effective policies to support entrepreneurship in the future by establishing new standards of industry classification system of entrepreneurs.