• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.295-303
• /
• 2015

In Korea, Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDLs) has been enforced to restore and manage water quality in the watersheds. However, some assesment of implementation plan of TMDLs showed that the achievement of the target water quality is not related to the proper allocation loads because difference of flow duration interval. In the United States, the discharge loads are determined by water quality modeling considering standard flow conditions according to purpose. Therefore, this study tried to develop the allocation method considering economical efficiency using water quality model. For this purpose, several allocation methods being used in the management of TMDLs is investigated and develope an allocation criteria considering regional equality and uniformity. Since WARMF(Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework) model can simulate the time varying behavior of a system and the various water quality variables, it was selected for a decision support system in this study. This model showed fairly good performance by adequately simulating observed discharge and water quality in Miho watershed. Furthermore, the scenario simulation results showed that the effect of annual average water quality improvement to remove 1kg BOD is more than 25 times, even if point pollutants treatment facility is six times more expensive to operate than non-point pollutants treatment facility.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제37권3_4호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 1995

Geographic data which are difficult to handle by the characteristics of spatial variation and variety turned into a possibility to analyze with tlie computer-aided digital map and the use of Geographic Information System(GIS). The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a GIS application model (GISCELWAB) for the spatial simulation of surface runoff from a small watershed. This paper discribes the modeling procedure and the applicability of the cell water balance model (CELWAB) which calculates the water balance of a cell and simulates surface runoff of watershed simultaneously by the interaction of cells. The cell water balance model was developed to simulate the temporal and spatial storage depth and surface runoff of a watershed. The CELWAB model was constituted by Inflow-Outflow Calculator (JOC) which was developed to connect cell-to-cell transport mechanism automatically in this study. The CELWAB model requests detail data for each component of a cell hydrologic process. In this study, therefore, BANWOL watershed which have available field data was selected, and sensitivity for several model parameters was analyzed. The simulated results of surface runoff agreed well with the observed data for the rising phase of hydrograph except the recession phase. Each mean of relative errors for peak discharge and peak time was 0.21% and2.1 1% respectively. In sensitivity analysis of CELWAB , antecedent soil moisture condition(AMC) affected most largely the model.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.471-480
• /
• 2015

Hydrologic component analysis was conducted to investigate water budget characteristics the Oedocheon watershed, Jeju Island. For this purpose, integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model was applied to this watershed for continuous surface water-groundwater modeling. Pasture and forest-deciduous are the major land use types and these affect general hydrologic component ratio. The spatio-temporal groundwater recharge can be obtained from SWAT and then distributed groundwater recharge can be reproduced by MODFLOW. The groundwater level variation was simulated with distributed groundwater pumping data. The water budget in this watershed was compared with the previous estimated result by Jeju-Do(2013). As this result considered discharge to the coastal side, the discrepancy was found. However, it was found that the overall tendency of both analyses were similar.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.289-292
• /
• 2006

강변여과수는 지표수를 대체할 수 있는 상수원수로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 서울시의 경우 상수원수의 대부분을 한강 표류수를 직접 취수해서 사용함에 따라 수량 및 수질에 많은 문제점을 가지고 있어 강변여과의 도입을 신중히 검토 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 강변여과수 활용을 위해 한강유역의 개발가능후보지에서 적정개발가능량 산정을 위하여 지하수 흐름해석을 실시하였다. 개발가능후보지인 광나루지구의 4곳과 양화지구의 3곳에서 취수할 때, 광나루는 $281,250m^3$/일, 양화지구는 $272,000m^3$/일이 적정 개발가능량으로 나타났다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.862-866
• /
• 2005

도시유역의 유출분석을 위하여 국내에서 많이 사용하고 있는 모형들로는 ILLUDAS, SWMM이 대표적이라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 국내의 대부분의 도시하천의 경우 합류식의 배수계통을 가지고 있어, 홍수시에 하수관거용량을 초과하는 우수량은 하천을 통해 배수가 되고 있다. 이러한 배수계통을 갖는 하천에 대하여 대상유역의 배수관망 자료 부족과 Modeling의 어려움으로 인해 도시유출모형이 아닌 HEC-HMS모형과 같은 유역추적법을 통해 유출분석이 이루어지고 있다. 또한 기존 논문에서 제시한 도시유출모형에 하도추적을 결합한 강우-유출 모의는 정확성 결여 및 번거로운 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 보다 안정적인 해석 모형인 MIKE SWMM 모형을 사용하여 과거 침수자료와 DEM 자료 및 수치 배수관망 자료를 통한 유역 및 배수관망 자료를 구축하고 유역에 대해서는 Runoff Block을 사용하고, 하수관거와 본류에 대해서는 Dynamic 방정식을 이용한 Extran Block을 적용하여 유출분석을 실시하고 그 결과를 기존의 방법들과 비교하여 각각의 장단점 및 적용성을 밝히고 개선방향등을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제54권6호
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 2012

The objectives of this study were to develop a linked watershed-waterbody modeling system and to assess the impacts of indirect wastewater reuse on irrigation water quality. The Osan stream watershed within Gyeonggi-do of South Korea was selected for this study. The linked modeling system was composed of the SWAT (Soil and water assessment tool) and QUALKO2 models. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated using the stream discharge and water quality data from 2010 to 2011. Runoff and non-point source pollutants from each subbasin and stream discharge from 1980 to 2009 were simulated by the SWAT model and applied to the QUALKO2 model. The QUALKO2 model was calibrated and validated under the conditions of low water and normal discharges, respectively. Finally, The 10-day irrigation water quality from April to September was simulated. The statistical measures of coefficient of determination ($R^2$), reliability index (RI), and efficiency index (EI) were used to evaluate the system performance. The $R^2$, RI and EI values ranged from 0.5 to 1.0, 1.03 to 1.92, and -35.03 to 0.95, respectively. The 10-day irrigation water quality showed the concentrations of BOD and coliform exceeded the water quality guidelines for wastewater reuse. The linked modeling system can be a useful tool to estimate non-point source pollutant loads in watershed and to control the water quality of effluent from a wastewater treatment plant and irrigation water in the downstream waterbody.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.108-115
• /
• 2002

만경강·동진강 유역의 오염물질 유출모형을 수립·적용하였다. 모형의 입력자료인 유역정보 및 오염원 정보는 GIS도구를 이용하여 추출·분석한 자료를 이용하였으며, 월별 유출량 및 하천의 오염물질 농도 관측자료와 모형의 계산결과를 비교·분석하였다. 분석결과, 유역유출량은 여름철에 약간 과소 추정하고 있으나 전체적인 변화경향은 일치하고 있다. 또한 모형에서 계산된 오염물질 농도는 10년 평균 수질자료와 1999년도 월별 수질자료를 이용하여 비교하였다. 그 결과, 익산천에서는 크게 과소 추정하고 있으나, 전체적으로는 양호한 정도로 일치하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다 익산천에서 과소 추정하는 이유는 오염퇴적물에 의한 국지적 영향으로 사료되며, 오염퇴적물이 수층에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해서는 하천의 퇴적물 오염도 관측·분석을 통한 심도깊은 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제42권10호
• /
• pp.877-889
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형을 이용하여 미래 기후변화가 충주댐 유역(6,585.1 km$^2$)의 하천수질에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 미래 기상자료는 IPCC에서 제공하는 A2, A1B, B1 배출시나리오를 포함하는 ECHAM5-OM 모형의 결과를 과거 30년(1977-2006, baseline period) 기후자료를 바탕으로 편이보정(bias correction)과 Change Factor Method로 Downscaling 하였다. 6년(1998-2003) 동안의 일별 유출량 및 월별 수질(SS, T-N, T-P) 자료를 이용하여 모형의 보정 및 검증을 실시한 후, Downscaling된 ECHAM5-OM의 A2, A1B, B1 시나리오에 대해 2020s, 2050s, 2080s로 대별되는 미래의 수문학적 거동 변화 및 하천수질 변화를 전망하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.555-562
• /
• 2013

Jeju Island, the heaviest raining area in Korea, is a volcanic Island located at the southernmost of Korea, but most streams are of the dry due to its hydrological/geological characteristics different from those of inland areas. Therefore, there are limitations in applying the results from the mainland to the studies on stream run-off characteristics analysis and water resource analysis of Jeju Island. In this study, the SWAT(soil & water assessment tool) model is used for the Hwabuk stream watershed located east of the downtown to calculate the long-term stream run-off rate, and WMS(watershed modeling system) and HEC-HMS(hydrologic modeling system) models are used to figure out the stream run-off characteristics due to short-term heavy rainfall. As the result of SWAT modelling for the long-term rainfall-runoff model for Hwabuk stream watershed in 2008, 5.66% of the average precipitation of the entire basin was run off, with 3.47% in 2009, 8.12% in 2010, and root mean square error(RMSE) and determination coefficient($R^2$) was 496.9 and 0.87, respectively, with model efficient(ME) of 0.72. From the results of WMS and HEC-HMS models which are short-term rainfall-runoff models, unless there was a preceding rainfall, the runoff occurred only for rainfall of 40mm or greater, and the run-off duration averaged 10~14 hours.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.123-133
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 비선형 단위도인 지형형태-기후학적 단위도(GCUH)와 하도추적을 포함한 GIS기반 지형수문유역모의 모형 ($G^{2}WMS$)을 개발하고 실강우사상과 계측 산악유역에 적용함으로써 미계측 산악유역의 적용가능성을 검토하는 것이다. 대상유역을 소유역은 설마천, 중유역은 안동댐 유역으로 선정하여 실측단위도 비교, 실측홍수사상 비교를 단일유역과 분할유역으로 구분하여 검정 및 분석에 이용하였다. 결과적으로, 중유역 안동댐은 비선형 GCUH기법과 하도추적이 적용된 분할유역이 선형 전통적기법만 적용된 단일유역보다 산악유역 강우-유출 특성을 잘 반영함을 확인하였다.