• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 1990

The perception of landscape structure can he formed mode clearly, with including an auditory stimulus to a visual aspect. The waterfall, as an landscape element, will be considered of not only it's function and structure in landscape architecture designing but also harmony with environment which it has been situated, and contribution to the public goad. The purpose of this study was to establish more 7rational and practical design theory for the construction of waterfall. The number of subjects investigated were 47 of waterfall located in Mt. Palgong. In this study, the acoustic character of the waterfalls were investigated as an excellent effect to mask easily sensible noises. The correlations between the structure of waterfalls and water 1a17ing sound, which were useful for waterfall design and construction, were examined. It was discovered that the position of double distance of waterfall height From the waterfall is significant in the visual and acoustic perception of waterfall.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.1 s.106
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• pp.40-49
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• 2006

A novel disturbance measurement method, model based disturbance observer (MBDO) for optical disk drives (ODDs), is proposed and the disturbance analysis using the proposed method is performed under various conditions. In ODDs, the quantitative and qualitative analysis for the generated disturbance during normal operation is very important to successful servo loop design. However, the disturbance measurement is difficult, and high precision measurement is necessary. Furthermore, the conventional disturbance measurement method using a LDV (laser Doppler vibrometer) has many difficulties in eccentricity direction due to the vertical movement of an optical disk. To solve this problem, the MBDO is proposed. First, the relationship between the servo loop for ODDs and the generated disturbance are briefly reviewed. Second, the principle of the MBDO is introduced, and the disturbance measurement results, which are measured by the MBDO and a LDV, are compared. In these experiments, test DVD-ROM disks are used to generate quantitative/qualitative disturbance. Then, the disturbance analysis under various conditions is performed using waterfall technique. This technique clearly shows the disturbance trend from the inner part of an optical disk to the outer part of it. Finally, the various disturbances measurement results are summarized and some remarks for it are commented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.266-270
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• 2006

Noise reduction the noise of a high precision multi-stage gearbox applied at the industrial robot is investigated by experiment such as the modal test and the signal analysis. The signal analysis performed with the waterfall plot representing the power spectrum as a function of the rotating speed. An eccentric load is installed at the gearbox in order to organize similar condition used in the industrial robot. Exciting sources are found out by the waterfall plot, and then the main factor to make the noise is distinguish. For the low-noise gearbox, the gear design parameter is modified and this gearbox is experimented in the same procedure. The results of the test show the noise level of gearbox reduced.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.287-293
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• 2020

More and more people are paying attention to the psychological pleasure and relaxation that sound hearing brings. In most cases, humans seem to have a special preference for natural sounds. Natural sounds are mainly white noise and pink noise such as wind, rain, waves, waterfall sounds, etc. All of these are often considered to be beneficial to human health, but in reality the same category of natural sounds is no different. It will be very different due to space, time and other factors. Each sound can be unique, so people's hearing experience is also different. This paper quantitatively analyzes the spectrum and brain waves to analyze the feeling of hearing the natural Broken Falls sound. In particular, we aim to objectively analyze the objective feeling of Broken Falls sound falling on the human auditory system through sound spectrum and brain waves.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.722-729
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• 2007

The methodology for maintenance system development should overall be considered with all of task characteristic, schedule, and the technical condition of investment sources. This research applies Waterfall model to methodology for the development and construction of maintenance system through customizing the CD (Custom Development) procedure of "HSDM (Hyundai System Development Methodology)" based on information engineering. The waterfall model called as classic life cycle paradigm is defined for the sequent development procedure, which make progress a next step after that a previous step is admitted with thorough review. This model which is popular and the oldest paradigm is used for system development by four steps; demands analysis, design, construction, and maintenance. This methodology advances higher abstract step from higher lower step using top-down approach from concept definition to construction, which notices the end of a step whenever a step is over. Therefore, each step is exactly divided, and consequently the output is clearly yielded.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1223-1231
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• 2016

To create urban landscapes that take human emotion into consideration, the present study verified the psychological effects of artificial waterscape facilities on users, as these facilities significantly impact their psychological comfort. Data was collected using the SD scales and POMS of 60 male and 60 female participants after they watched a video of four waterscape facilities. Participants deemed the video clip of a fountain waterscape to be artificial and linked it with changeable images that increased their vigor. The video clip of waterfall stimulated various impressions (e.g., vital, liked, active, etc.) and changed participant' mood states by increasing their vigor and decreasing fatigue. The video clip of the pond yielded familiar impressions, produced less free images, and decreased tension among participants. Finally, the video clip of the stream stimulated quiet and comfortable images as well as reduced negative feelings of anger, confusion, and depression among participants. Furthermore, males experienced more positive effects than females, regardless of the type of waterscape facility. The study findings indicate that the four different waterscape facilities influenced participants' mood states. Additionally, the psychological effects differed by gender. The data suggest that landscape planners need to carefully consider their choice of waterscape facility when designing green spaces to ensure that the space is psychologically comforting to users.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

When situated in green landscapes, water bodies play a crucial role in positively influencing mood and mental health, yet research on the cognitive mechanisms underlying these therapeutic effects is lacking. This study is intended to examine differences in brain function among adult males exposed to forest landscapes with or without water bodies. The wooded landscapes included views of a waterfall, a valley, and a forest without water. The control group was exposed to a local urban landscape. Twelve adult males participated in a field experiment in which prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In the experiment, participants engaged in low-intensity walking in three forested areas with similar vegetation and climatic conditions. Participants showed significant differences in left PFC activity depending on whether they were in the three forested landscapes or in the control landscape (P < 0.01). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that significantly lower left PFC activity was recorded in the wooded landscape containing a water view . Notably, the lowest PFC values recorded in the landscape with a waterfall view suggest that landscapes with dynamic water flow may be associated with greater therapeutic benefits in terms of PFC activity than static landscapes. Our results underscore that water is a critical aspect of a landscape due to its therapeutic benefits and should be incorporated in the planning and design of green spaces for health promotion.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1599-1610
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• 2013

In order to verify the healing effect in the variety of effects according to fountain type, anion which is the representatives factor of healing, as the center of case studies which in Gwanghwamun(Ground fountain), Cheonggyecheon(Waterfall) and Myeongdong(Formative fountain). According to fountain type, the anion distribution as follow, figures typically$ 15,721{\pm}419ea/cm^3$, Formative fountain $40,190{\pm}788ea/cm^3$, Waterfall $4.480{\pm}290ea/cm^3$ and ground fountain $2.492{\pm}180ea/cm^3$. It is usually exceed to the distribution in natural green, which is $1070{\sim}2100ea/cm^3$. The interrelation between air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and relative humidity, and wind speed is that, the relative humidity is directly proportional to wind speed and inversely proportional to temperature. As the temperature goes up, the distribution of anion goes down. And as the wind speed and relative humidity goes up, the distribution of anion decrease sharply. The result of interrelation between fountain type and the anion distribution is that, the distance of water falling is directly proportional to the anion distribution in the formative fountain and inversely proportional in the ground fountain. And the distribution of anion is largest in formative fountain. The distribution of anion in ground fountain is lower than in formative fountain, but it is far more than in natural greenery. And as the distance from fountain increase, the distribution of anion goes down.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.427-441
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• 2021

Purpose: This study proposes a method for developing a model that predicts the probability of traffic accidents in advance to prevent the most frequent traffic accidents in the military. Method: For this purpose, CRISP-DM (Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) was applied in this study. The CRISP-DM process consists of 6 stages, and each stage is not unidirectional like the Waterfall Model, but improves the level of completeness through feedback between stages. Results: As a result of modeling the same data set as the previously constructed accident investigation data for the entire group, when the classification criterion was 0.5, Significant results were derived from the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and AUC of the model for predicting traffic accidents. Conclusion: In the process of designing the prediction model, it was confirmed that it was difficult to obtain a meaningful prediction value due to the lack of data. The methodology for designing a predictive model using the data set was proposed by reorganizing and expanding a data set capable of rational inference to solve the data shortage.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.329-336
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• 1998

The characteristics of vibration and sound signals which occurs at the driving system of electric train are investigated in this study since the vibration of driving system is one of the main sources of vibration and sound in electric train. The vibration signals are changed its signal patterns during the transmission from the source to passengers due to noise or several unknown factors. To avoid the complexity of actual signals of electric train, signals from experimental apparatus of motor/gear driving system are analyzed to find the appropriate method of analysis and to characterize the signal patterns. The used methods are waterfall diagram, transfer function and modal analysis. The results shows that the vibration signals are usually originated from motor bearing and gear meshing and these signals are transmitted to bottom or bogie. Also, the sound signal is similar to the vibration of bottom or bogie, but it is not so clear to figure out the source of vibration.