• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.31-38
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• 2016

The FDS-HCIB method is expanded to simulate water-oil-air flows around oil booms under relative motion, which is intended to increase the thickness of contained oil. The FDS scheme captures discontinuity in the density field and abrupt change of the tangential velocity across an interface without smearing. The HCIB method handles relative motions of thin oil booms with ease. To validate the developed FDS-HCIB code for water-oil-air flow around a moving body, the computed results are compared with the reported experimental results on the shape, length, and thickness of the oil slicks under towing. It is observed that the increase in pressure field between two barriers lifts the oil slick and the interfacial wave propagates and reflects as one barrier gets closer to the other barrier.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.146-151
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• 2015

The heat transfer performance of heating medium oil fluidized bed heat exchanger was measured. The operation variables were air flow rate, air inlet temperature, moisture content, water flow rate and water inlet temperature. The outside heat transfer coefficient was determined from the heat exchanger experiment and its experimental correlation was determined as a function of air velocity and viscosity of heating medium oil. Effect of viscosity was well agreed with the previous studies. Errors of the correlation equation was less than about 10% for outside heat transfer coefficient developed in this study when compared with the measured value. Hot water with the temperature greater than $77^{\circ}C$ could be produced by using the heating medium oil fluidized bed heat exchanger.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.54-60
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• 2011

This paper is a basic study on volatile organic compounds(VOC) recovery system in a crude oil carrier. VOC is easily evaporated in cargo tankers during loading and transportation of crude oil, causes serious environmental contamination and a huge economic loss. An ejector system is designed to mix VOC gas into crude oil flow to reduce VOC concentration. Detail two-phase flow inside the ejector is simulated using a commercial CFD code. To verify the numerical prediction, a scale-down experiment is conducted. Instead of crude oil and VOC, water and air are used as the working fluids. Flow characteristics and main parameters are obtained by two-phase flow visualization and PIV measurements. Air volume flow rate induced by the ejector is compared with respect to the volume flow rate of water using experimental and numerical results. Overall performance of the two-phase ejector predicted by the CFD simulation agrees well with that of the experiment.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.50-56
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• 2008

Metal cutting operations involve generation of heat due to friction between the tool and the pieces. This heat needs to be carried away otherwise it creates white spots. To reduce this abnormal heat cutting fluid is used. Cutting fluid also has an important role in the lubrication of the cutting edges of machine tools and the pieces they are shaping, and in sluicing away the resulting swarf. As a cutting fluid, water is a great conductor of heat but is not stable at high temperatures, so to improve stability an emulsion type mixed fluid with water and oil is often used. It is pumped over the cutting site of cutting machines as a state of atomized water droplet coated with oil by using jet. In this paper, to develop cutting fluid supplying nozzle to obtain ultra thin oil film for coating water droplet, a numerical analysis of three dimensional mixed fluid Jet through multi-stage nozzle was carried out by using a finite volume method. Jet flow characteristics such as nozzle exit velocity, development of mixing region, re-entrance and jet intensity were analyzed. Detailed mixing process of fluids such as air, water and oil in the nozzle were also investigated. It is easy to understand complex flow pattern in multi-stage nozzle. Important flow Information for advance design of cutting fluid supplying nozzle was drawn.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.201-213
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• 2017

Water is removed from crude oil containing water by using oil separator. This study aims to develop a three-dimensional (3D) Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict the separation efficiency of air-water-oil separator. In the incompressible, isothermal and unsteady-state CFD model, air is defined as continuous phase, and water and oil are given as dispersed phase. The momentum equation includes the drag force, lift force and resistance force of porous media. The standard k-${\varepsilon}$ model is used for turbulence flow. The exit pressures of water and oil play an important role in determining the liquid level of the oil separator. The exit pressures were identified to be 6.3 kPa and 5.1 kPa for water and oil, respectively, to keep a liquid level of 25 cm at a normal operating condition. The time evolution of volume fractions of air, water and oil was investigated. The settling velocities of water and oil along the longitudinal separator distance were analyzed, when the oil separator reached a steady-state. The oil separation efficiency obtained from the CFD model was 99.85%, which agreed well with experimental data. The relatively simple CFD model can be used for the modification of oil separator structure and finding optimal operating conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

This study conducted a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis to find an appropriate diameter or sectional area of air ducts and fluid pipes which have an electromagnetic pulse(EMP) shied to protect indoor electronic devices in special buildings like military fortifications. The result shows that the optimized outdoor air intake size can be defined with either the ratio of the maximum air velocity in the supply duct to the air intake size, or the shape ratio of indoor supply diffuser to the outdoor air intake. In the case of water channel, the fluid velocity at EMP shield with the identical size of the pipe, decreases by 25% in average due to the resistance of the shield. The enlargement of diameter at the shield, 2 step, improves the fluid flow. It illustrated that the diameter of downstream pipe size is 1step larger than the upstream for providing the design flow rate. The shield increases friction and resistance, in the case of oil pipe, so the average flow velocity at the middle of the shield increase by 50% in average. In consideration of the fluid viscosity, the oil pipe should be enlarged 4 or 5 step from the typical design configuration. Therefore, the fluid channel size for air, water, and oil, should be reconsidered by the engineering approach when EMP shield is placed in the middle of channel.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 1986

The information on the heat transfer characteristics, flow pattern and pressure drop, are very important for the desing of general heat exchanger, refrigerating system, air conditioning system and energy recovery system. In these systems, water or lubricating oil contained in working fluid affects greatly the flow and heat transfer condition and this phenomena must be considered in the practical design. An experiment has been performed for studying the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the forced convective horizontal flow of R-113 under the range of the liquid single phase state to the boiling flow state. Basic experimental results are obtained in the case that water or lubricating oil does not contaminate in the test fluid. Experimental results are as follows; (1) The local heat transfer coefficients in the nucleate boiling region and transition boiling region are almostly ten times as large as that of liquid single phase flow. (2) The measured heat transfer coefficient in the present experimental range is relatively agreed well with the predicted value from the various experimental results for the boiling flow.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.112-113
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• 2014

This study was done to resolve the air reduction in mortar when mixed with ERCO. Effects of the water repellent ALC powder due to its particle size and substitution ratio on the cement mortar with ERCO was analyzed. Results showed more water repellent ALC powder ensured more air but did not affect the size of particles. It was determined the compression was caused by more air and water added to achieve the flow. Therefore, substituting with water repellent ALC powder may compensate for the air reduction in mortar with ERCO. Other measures and approaches are needed in order to resolve the reduced strength.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 2021

Slug flow is the most common multi-phase flow encountered in oil and gas industry. In this study, the hydrodynamic features of flow in pipes investigated numerically using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations for the effect of slug flow on the vertical and bent pipeline. The compressible Reynold averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation was used as the governing equation, with the volume of fluid (VOF) method to capture the outline of the bubble in a pipeline. The simulations were tested for the grid and time step convergence, and validated with the experimental and theoretical results for the main hydrodynamic characteristics of the Taylor bubble, i.e., bubble shape, terminal velocity of bubble, and the liquid film velocity. The slug flow was simulated with various air and water injection velocities in the pipeline. The simulations revealed the effect of slug flow as the pressure occurring in the wall of the pipeline. The peak pressure and pressure oscillations were observed, and those magnitudes and trends were compared with the change in air and water injection velocities. The mechanism of the peak pressures was studied in relation with the change in bubble length, and the maximum peak pressures were investigated for the different positions and velocities of the air and water in the pipeline. The pressure oscillations were investigated in comparison with the bubble length in the pipe and the oscillation was provided with the application of damping. The pressures were compared with the case of a bent pipe, and a 1.5 times higher pressures was observed due to the compression of the bubbles at the corner of the bent. These findings can be used as a basic data for further studies and designs on pipeline systems with multi-phase flow.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.03b
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• pp.345-348
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• 2008

The computer-aided performance simulation can reduce periods for development of products and cut down on the cost comparing with former trial-and-error procedures. This study has developed a simulation program for a vehicle thermal management system integrating an engine cooling system and an air conditioning system considering interactions and arrangement of air side heat exchangers such as power steering oil cooler, air-cooled transmission oil cooler, condenser, and radiator. The program may be also used for the system performance analysis according to the configuration of the engine coolant side heat exchangers such as water-cooled transmission oil cooler, EGR cooler, and heater core. Experiments utilizing an environmental wind tunnel has been conducted to assess the performance of the system according to the arrangement of air side heat exchangers. Some modification of the coolant loop layout can enhance the heat core performance up to 7% according to the results of the simulations.