• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.3 s.164
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• pp.227-240
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• 2006

In the several decades, various storage facilities have been developed and operated to supply water resource, flood control or environmental preservation etc. Then, how those man-maid storage facilities affect on the downstream water and environment and how the hydrologists can evaluate those features for water resources problem-solving are high-concentrated problems in this field. Most large watersheds in Korea contain various types of artificial facilities such dams, reservoirs, in-land ponds, wetlands etc. But the study to develop the technology for achieving the effect of the variances and properties of the long term streamflow caused by the artificial storage facilities have been on the simple watershed models and experimental modeling in the real fields. In this paper, we introduce the procedure and methods to consider the above problems based on continuous and semi-distributed featured SWAT model. At the first, we describe the elements and mechanisms of storage facilities in SWAT model to see how we can apply that in proper and appropriate manner for real field problems. Then, we applied the process to a sample watershed, Taewha River basin which covers the most of Ulsan region. Specially, we concentrate on our effort to the effect of upper reservoirs on down stream long term flows based on various scenario basis. The result was described and analysed in spacial and temporal variations on that basin using the precise manner.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.513-524
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• 2020

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental and biological exposure of local residents who consumed arsenic-contaminated drinking water for less than one year. Methods: As a part of water quality inspections for small-scale water supply facilities, surveys were conducted of residents of two villages that exceeded the arsenic threshold for drinking water. The environmental impact survey consisted of surveys on water quality, soil, and crops in the surveyed area. Biological monitoring was performed by measuring the separation of arsenic species in urine and total arsenic in hair. Results: In the results of biological monitoring, the concentrations of AsIII and AsV were 0.08 and 0.16 ㎍/L, respectively. MMA and DMA were 0.87 and 36.19 ㎍/L. There was no statistically significant difference between the group who drank arsenic-removed groundwater or water from the small-scale supply facility and the group who drank tap water, purified water, or commercial bottled water. Some of the water samples exceeded the arsenic threshold for drinking water. There were no samples in the soil or rice that exceeded the acceptable threshold. Conclusion: In the case of short-term exposure to arsenic-contaminated drinking water for less than one year, there were no significant problems of concern from the evaluation of biological monitoring after arsenic was removed.

• Water for future
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.191-202
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• 1996

Advanced water treatment for water supply is being introduced for the treatment of various organic materials which cannot be removed by conventional water treatment methods. While the development of advanced water treatment system appropriate to the domestic enviropment of advanced water treatment system appropriate to the domestic environment is essential, the study on the economic costs and the social impact is also of importance. In this paper, it is shown how to estimate the costs (capital and maintenance) for advanced water treatment facilities, especially those using ozone treatment combined with activated carbon process and membrance separation. Estimated costs were compared with the government budget. Also, a general relation between the system capacity and investment was derived. Four alternatives were considered form the aspect of the amount of water to be produced and the delivery system to the user. These alternatives were applied to the city of Pusan. It turned out that bottled water, produced only for drinking, has best economic advantages in having minimum system capacity without detriment to water quality.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.637-645
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• 2019

Among various ecosystem services provided by the basin, this study deals with water yield (WY) estimation in the Bagmati basin of Nepal. Maps of where water used for different facilities like water supply, irrigation, hydropower etc. are generated helps planning and management of facilities. These maps also help to avoid unintended impacts on provision and production of services. Several studies have focused on the provision of ecosystem services (ES) on the basin. Most of the studies have are primarily focused on carbon storage and drinking water supply. Meanwhile, none of the studies has specifically highlighted water yield distribution on sub-basin scale and as per land use types in the Bagmati basin of Nepal. Thus, this study was originated with an aim to compute the total WY of the basin along with computation on a sub-basin scale and to study the WY capacity of different landuse types of the basin. For the study, InVEST water yield model, a popular model for ecosystem service assessment based on Budyko hydrological method is used along with ArcGIS. The result shows water yield per hectare is highest on sub-basin 5 ($15216.32m^3/ha$) and lowest on sub-basin 6 ($10847.15m^3/ha$). Likewise, built-up landuse has highest WY capacity followed by grassland and agricultural area. The sub-basin wise and LULC specific WY estimations are expected to provide scenarios for development of interrelated services on local scales. Also, these estimations are expected to promote sustainable land use policies and interrelated water management services.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.63-69
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• 2020

Recently, the Yedang reservoir needs reflecting the demands of the public and administration, including change of reservoir status and paradigm shift of users, as well as planning programs to activate the area as a special health zone for tourism, leisure, recreation and experience at the local government level. Previous Optimum Equipment model (OEM) preferentially considers the creation of waterfront. This study shows the operation model for readjustment of water supply facilities according to the limit of the level of the beneficiaries. Results show the renovation cycle of Yedang tourist resort and the suspension bridge through developed model simulation. In addition to securing quantity for the supply of agricultural water and the function of water protection, the multi-function of the agricultural reservoir shall be re-evaluated to enhance the diverse availability of the agricultural reservoir. The county office should also boost various availability at various levels to revitalize the local economy, such as producing pleasant and safe places and offering safe food for people.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2013

The odor occurring in the sewage system induces the displeasure, the disgust such as the headache, the vomit, etc. and increases the spiritual stress and disturbs the pleasant life of residents. These odors occur mainly in the area of combined sewage system treatment, being created in the personal sewage treatment plant such as septic tank and are incoming to sewage pipes and emitted to the outside through the manhole and the receiver, etc.; and this causes odors to the people. The Hydrogen Sulfide, the Methyl Mercaptan, the Ammonia, etc. are materials causing the odor, the more serious issue of odor is occurring since the septic tank of degradation process is being applied. The primary cause of odor is the decomposition of human feces in the septic tanks and sewage disposal facilities. The purpose of this study is reduction of hydrogen sulfide using air supplying and SOB(Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria). As a result of this study of the air supply system and the SOB media equipment by air supply, in case the air is injected to SOB media compared to the injection of air only, the removal efficiency the hydrogen sulfide was average 3.4 times higher.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 1991

1. Water supply treatment plants personnel could not test the water quality control, because most of them rely on the provincial health laboratories about water quality rely rant test. However, in future, plants have to been provided the facilities and equipment of water quality laboratory. 2. Chlorination methods are 89.5% of liquid chlorine and 10.5% of solid chlorine, and the cost per 1 $\m^{3}$ of chlorination is about 1.30 won which chlorination cost is very cheap as 1/142 of drinking water production cost. Input method of chlorine is 35% of automatic method, 56% of semi-automatic, and 9% of other methods, and this is no problem 3. Residual effects of chlorination, in the case of distilled water as a standardized material and 0.2 ppm of seperated residual chlorine, were continued 32 hours in $0^{\circ}C$, and 25 hour in $20^{\circ}C$, of water temperature and in the case of 0.4 ppm of seperated residual chlorine were continued 47 hours in $0^{\circ}C$ and 23 hours in $20^{\circ}C$. 4. In the case of 4 ppm of seperated residual chlorine, residual effects were continued 23 hours in $5^{\circ}C$, 90 hours in $10^{\circ}C$, 78 hours in $15^{\circ}C$, and 60 hours in $20^{\circ}C$ : by the temper; lure of water, continuing residual effects of chlorination are different, so we have to car for the warm season chlorination in the hider temperature. 5. Chlorination effects of drinking waters in the case of 0.4 ppm of seperated residual chlorine were continued 237 hours in $22^{\circ}C$ water : and in the case of rechlorination as 4 ppm of residual chlorine, continued 71 hours in $22^{\circ}C$ water.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 2023

Domestic water supply and sewage facilities are rapidly aging and maintenance difficulties such as aging of operation and management personnel are overlapping, so Digital Twin technology is attracting attention as an intelligent means of process management. Digital twin projects for domestic water treatment processes include the smart sewage treatment project promoted by the Ministry of Environment, projects independently promoted by some local governments, and digital twin purification plant projects promoted by K-water. However, the content of digital twin promotion is different for each institution. Therefore, in the water treatment process, technological standardization and step-by-step implementation methods for digital twins must be preceded to reduce trial and error in future business promotion. This study aims to provide an efficient promotion plan by prescribing the digital twin element technology and composition method in the water treatment process and reviewing the contents currently being promoted by the Ministry of Environment, local governments, and K-Water individually.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.113-127
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• 2021

Although planning techniques linking parks, green areas, and waterways have become common, there are frequent disruptions in the operation and management of landscape-use artificial channels (LuAC). Therefore, this study examined a design to promote the sustainable management and operation of a LuAC using rainwater for the streamlets of the Jeonju-Wanju Innovative City. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, scenarios were set up by dividing the design into waterhead and waterway portions. First, the scenario regarding the waterhead was analyzed to calculate the water supply and storage required for the waterway and waterhead. The analysis showed that the waterway requires a water supply of 676.8 tons/months, 3,018 tons to 5,512 tons of storage space, and a water depth of 0.75 m to 1.37 m considering the ecological and landscape aspects. The second scenario is to select an effective system of facilities for the operation and management of the LuAC. To accomplish this, a single-circulation system (SCS), which transports water to a highland location was compared to a multi-circulation system (MCS), which supplied water separately to each water space and operated independently. The results showed that the MCS, which was operated independently by small power units, was more effective owing to the vast difference in water supply operation times.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.414-415
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• 2011

한국전력공사의 전기공급약관 개정('10.11.01)으로 저압 수전범위가 현행 계약전력 100kW 미만에서 500kW 미만으로 확대됨에 따라 500kW 미만의 경우 수용가에서 저압 또는 고압 수전방식 선택이 가능하여 수도사업장 수전방식 선정 기법 및 저압 수전설비 표준구성방안을 수립하였으며, '10.1.8. "전기설비기술기준의 판단기준"의 개정으로 서지보호기 설치의무사항이 신설되어 수도사업장 구내 배전계통 서지보호기 설치구성방안을 수립하였다.