• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.907-913
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• 2023

Currently, the sprinkler method is widely used as an initial suppression method in existing firefighting systems. However, this method can cause significant damage to both equipment and facilities in the hydration area. To minimize this damage, fire extinguishing monitors are being developed that can spray fire extinguishing water directly at the point of fire. These monitors are installed on the top floor of the ship, such as the Living Quarter and Ventilation System. While conventional fire extinguishing monitors focus on lightweight research with a short spray port and require a spray distance of about 40 to 45m, recent developments necessitate a longer spray port, similar to a water cannon, requiring a spray distance of about 70 to 75m. This study aims to predict the injection distance of both the existing ship-installed fire extinguisher and the long spray port fire extinguisher through hydrodynamic computer analysis, and to determine whether the injection distance has increased.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.86-97
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• 2005

Nowadays, Water Mist Fire Extinguishing System is increasingly used in maritime field for various application. The fire extinguishing capability of the system should be verified by hydraulic calculation in the same manner as the conventional water based fire extinguishing system such as sprinkler system. water spray system and etc. Additionally, the review of effectiveness of friction loss calculation method used for hydraulic calculation is needed because the pipe flow characteristic of its piping system has higher Reynolds number than that of the conventional system. In this paper the review work was carried out based on the NFPA Code 750.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2008

본 연구는 수분무 소화설비의 효용성에 대한 기초평가를 수행할 목적으로 FDS 수치시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 화재강도(20MW, 50MW) 및 풍속의 변화에 따른 화재시 온도 및 연기농도에 대한 안전성 확보 효과를 분석하였다. 터널내 풍속이 없는 경우 수분무는 냉각효과에 의한 온도 및 연기농도 감소효과가 아주 우수하여 대피자의 안전성 확보에 효과적이었다. 화재강도가 커질수록 연기이동 억제효과는 감소한 결과를 나타났다. 또한 터널내 기류가 존재하는 경우에는 냉각효과에 의해서 연기의 성층화를 교란하며, 대피시 가시도를 저하시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 수분무 소화설비는 화재발생시 대피자가 대피한 후에 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2006

Fire extinguishing experiment was conducted with water mist nozzle in case of the pool fire, cascade fire and spray fire on flammable liquid of class B whether water mist system can be effective system for power transformer fire scenario. In the event of a pool fire, flow rate and time to extinguish was inclined to be increased according to the obstruction rate of ignition space. Furthermore, the performance of fire extinguishing depended upon the spraying angle of the nozzles. In case of cascade fire, the effect of extinguishment was began to show from a combustion pan filled with fuel and fuel flowing plate later on.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2011

In the present investigation, experimental studies were conducted on the fire suppression performance of twin-fluid water mist spray which is subjected to thermal radiation in a closed space. Downward-directed water-mist sprays, interacting with an under kerosene pool fire, were investigated in a test facility. The mass mean diameter of water-mist droplets were measured by PMAS under various flow conditions. The developed twin-fluid water mit spray nozzle satisfied the criteria of NFPA 750, Class 1. The mechanism of fire suppression by fine water mist was concluded to be the cooling of the fire surface which leads to the suppression of fuel evaporation. It was proved that the automatic twin-fluid water mist spray system under lower pressures could be applied to an industrial facilities.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.230-233
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• 2008

본 연구는 수분무 소화설비의 효용성에 대한 기초평가를 수행할 목적으로 FDS 수치시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 화재강도 및 풍속의 변화에 따른 화재시 온도 및 연기농도에 대한 안전성 확보 효과를 분석하였다. 터널내 풍속이 없는 경우 수분무는 냉각효과에 의한 온도 및 연기농도 감소효과가 아주 우수하여 대피자의 안전성 확보에 효과적이었다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2023

A sprinkler is a fire suppression system that extinguishes combustible materials in the early stages of a fire, creating a spray. However, spray formation method of the sprinkler can result in an uneven distribution of water spray on the surface of combustible materials. It is necessary to ensure a consistent water flux density regardless of the spray direction and angle. In this study, the water flux distribution was analyzed for the various types of sprinkler head: circular, flush, pendent, and upright types. All sprinkler heads have a K-factor of 80 LPM/(0.1MPa)^0.5. In this study, water collection cubes were used to examine the water flux distribution. The upright type sprinkler head showed a low standard deviation in total sprayed area, indicating a high level of uniformity. The upright type head showed the lowest standard deviation in the radial direction, and also showed the lowest standard deviation in the azimuthal direction. Upright sprinkler head has no obstructing structure along the path of droplets after they are generated. For this reason, upright sprinkler head showed the most uniform water flux distribution on the floor.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2009

In the present study, the numerical investigation has been carried out to see the effects of water mist sprays on the fire suppression mechanism. The special-purposed program named as FDS was used to simulate the interaction of fire plume and water mists. This program solves the fire-driven flows using LES turbulence model, the mixture fraction combustion model, the finite volume method of radiation transport for a non-scattering gray gas, and conjugate heat transfer between wall and gas flow. The computational domain was composed of a rectangular space dimensioned as $L{\times}W{\times}H=4.0{\times}4.0{\times}2.5\;m^3$ with a mist-injecting nozzle installed 1.0 m high from the fire pool. In this paper, two types of nozzles were chosen to compare the performance of the fire suppression. Numerical results showed that the nozzle, type A, with more orifices having smaller diameters had poorer performance than the other one, type B because the flow injected through side holes deteriorated the primary flow. The fire-extinguishing time of type A was 2.6 times bigger than that of type B.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2010

Water mist fire suppression system is environmental system and needs a flange pump to jet water. In this research, high pressure Nitrogen cylinder is used as a pressurizing source instead of flange pump, and also we tried to find the possibility of using compressed Nitrogen as a fire suppression agent. As a result, it was possible to design water mist fire suppression system with Nitrogen cylinder and suppress oil fire effectively. With DK1.58 nozzle, the optimum Nitrogen pressure was 80bar and the pressure was stable during water mist spray. However, jet of Nitrogen was not effective fire suppression agent when it was dually used with water mist because water mist has blown away, and it is efficient way to use compressed Nitrogen as a pressurizing source only.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2016

국내 도심지 지상교통의 대규모 혼잡으로 발생되는 경제적인 손실을 해소하기 위해 지하 40 m 이상의 대심도 지하도로가 계획되고 있으며, 안전한 장대 지하도로 구축을 위해 국내 지침에 의거하여 1등급 방재시설이 적용되어야 한다. 이러한 방재시설의 일환으로 화재발생시 터널내의 화재확산 방지 및 구조물 붕괴 방지 역할을 하는 물분무 설비가 있으나, 현실적으로 많은 기능적, 기술적인 측면에서 문제점이 발생되어 개선방안이 필요한 실정이다. 국내외적으로 화재초기진압을 위한 자동모니터 소화설비가 다양한 분야에 적용되고 있으며, 최근에는 도로/철도터널분야에 적용을 위한 이론적/실험적인 연구를 통한 개발 및 상용화가 추진되고 있다. 이러한 자동화 소화설비의 우수한 화재진압성능을 바탕으로 현재 적용되고 있는 물분무 시스템에 대한 기술적/경제적 비교분석을 실시하였으며, 화재진압성능 뿐만 아니라 경제적인 측면에서도 우수하다는 분석이 도출되었다. 하지만 본 시스템의 상용화, 제품화를 위해서는 국내 터널의 특성을 반영한 다양한 연구개발이 필요하며, 본 시스템에 따른 제도적인 개선을 통하여 활성화 된다면 독자적인 원천기술개발을 통한 선진화 방재기술 강국으로 도약하기를 기대한다.