• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1990년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Korean Ginseng, 1990, Seoul, Korea
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• pp.175-189
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• 1990

Nitrogen compounds of Panax ginseng and their biological activities in plant and animal were reviewed. Major nitrogen compounds found in P. ginseng are free amino acids. Water solilble proteins, indouble proteins and peptides. Minor nitrogen compounds are dencichine. Glycolyroteins, amines, alkaloides, methoxy or alkyl pyrazine derivatives, free nucleosides and nucleic acid bases. 4-methyl-i-thiazoltethanol and pyroglutamic acid the contents of total nitrogen and protein in root Increased until 13 years old which was the highest age tinder investigation. Soluble protein content increased with the root weight and was higher in xylem pith than cortex-epidermis indicating the close relation with root growth. Arginine, which covered 58% of total free amino acids, may serve as storage nitrogen. Arginine seems to be changed into proline in rhizome. threonine in stem and again threonine and arginine in leaf. The greater the root weight the higher the polyamine stimulated Polyamine stimlllated the growth of root callus. Physiological roles of other minor nitrogen compounds are unknown although content is relatively high ((1.if) 6.w). Biochemical and pharmacological activities of some nitrogen compounds for animal were more investigated than physiological role there plant itself. Radiation and U.V protective function (heat stable protein). insulin-like activity in lipogenesis and livolysis (adenosine and pyroglutamic acid), depression of blood sugar content (glycopevtide). htmostatic and nellrotoxic activity (dencichine) and, sedative and hypnotic activity (4-methyl-i-thiazoleethanol) are reported. Heat stable protein increased with root age. The traditional quality criteria appear to be well in accordance with biological activities of nitrogen compounds. Chemical studies of nitrogen compounds seem relatively rare, probably due to difficulty of isolation, subsequently the investigations of biological activities are little.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.931-940
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• 2015

롤러전압콘크리트(Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement, RCCP) 공법은 적은 단위수량이 포함된 콘크리트 혼합물을 아스팔트 피니셔와 다짐 롤러를 이용하여 시공하는 공법이다. RCCP는 다짐 수준에 따라 강도 및 내구성에 많은 영향을 받게 된다. 또한 품질관리는 건조밀도를 기준으로 다짐도 관리를 시행하고 있다. 현장에서 최적의 건조단위중량을 모사하기 위해 수정다짐시험을 실시한다. 그러나 RCCP를 위한 수정다짐시험의 다짐곡선 분석에 명확한 기준이 제시되어 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 함수비당 세 개의 샘플에 의한 수정다짐곡선의 기준을 설정하고 설정된 다짐곡선과 비교하여 더 적은실험횟수와의 신뢰성을 분석하기 위해 반복재현성을 고찰하였다. 이로 인해 세 번의 실험에 의한 수정다짐시험과 비교하여 두 번의 수정다짐시험은 0.5% 오차가 발생되며 신뢰도는 99.5% 이다.

• 분석과학
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2018

Diphencyprone (DPCP) is frequently used as a compounded preparation in dermatology for the treatment of alopecia and recalcitrant warts based on the immune reaction of skin allergy. However, DPCP is a non-recognized agent in Pharmacopoeia, because there are no criteria or analytical method for quality control of its powder and formulation. DPCP is unstable under light irradiation because as it easily decomposes to diphenylacetylene (DPA). This study aims to develop a simultaneous HPLC analytical method for analyzing DPCP and DPA in the raw materials and compounded preparation. The method required a C18 column ($250{\times}4.6mm$, $5{\mu}m$) at $40^{\circ}C$ with a mobile phase of (A) 0.01 M phosphoric acid in water and (B) acetonitrile at UV 220 nm. DPA conversion to DPCP in the powder and compounded preparations was accelerated after light exposure for 60 min. In addition, this resulted in different patterns depending on the wavelength of light and the formulation. That is, DPCP in compounded preparation was more unstable than that in the powder. However, the DPCP formulation in amber bottles was observed to remain stable, although the measured concentrations of DPCP were somewhat different from the nominal concentration of the compounded preparations. The control of the exact concentration is required for effective disease treatment, depending on the state of the patient. In conclusion, these results will be useful for the recognition of DPCP in Pharmacopoeia and new DPCP formulation development to prevent photodecomposition.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.195-211
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• 2015

The objectives of this research were to determine mean and maximum tolerance ranges of Carassius auratus ($C_a$) and Cyprinus carpio ($C_c$) populations on various physico-chemical parameters and ecological indicator metrics. Little is known about chemical tolerance ranges of the two species, even though these species are widely distributed species in aquatic ecosystems. Maximum tolerance ranges of $C_a$-population to total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were $20.3mgL^{-1}$ and $2.0mgL^{-1}$, respectively. Optimal ranges of TN and TP in the $C_a$-population were $1.7-5.0mgL^{-1}$ and $0.06-0.30mgL^{-1}$, respectively. Such nutrient regimes of the $C_a$-population were evaluated as hypereutrophy, indicating high tolerance limits. The $C_c$-population had similar ecological characteristics to $C_a$-population, but the mean tolerance ranges of TN, TP, BOD, and COD were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than the $C_a$-population. Ecological patterns of trophic composition and tolerance guilds in the $C_a$-population were similar to those of the $C_c$-population. The model value of Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) of the habitat where C. auratus and C. carpio co-occurred averaged $15.0{\pm}4.3$ and $12.9{\pm}3.6$, respectively. Based on the modified criteria of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Klemm et al. 1993), it indicated poor ecological health of both species. These results suggest that both species are highly tolerant to chemical and physical habitat conditions of waterbodies, and that the chemical tolerance range of $C_c$-population was higher than $C_a$-population.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2013

This study focused on a comprehensive and detailed interpretation for the springtime air quality influenced by both artificial (particulate matter (PM) and asbestos) and biological (pollen) sources in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. An intensive measurement of PM was conducted at four characteristic sites (i.e., a heavy traffic area, a residential area, an industrial area, and a desolate area) in the Fukuoka Prefecture during spring of 2007. Analysis of major ionic species in $PM_{2.5}$ was performed by an Ion Chromatography, and asbestos and pollen were identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). $PM_{2.5}$ concentration ($65.3{\mu}gm^{-3}$) measured in an industrial area (site C) was extraordinarily high compared to those monitored in other areas; it greatly exceeded the Japan's $PM_{2.5}$ criteria (a daily average of $35{\mu}gm^{-3}$). NOAA's HYSPLIT dispersion model suggests that this high level of $PM_{2.5}$ monitored at site C is unlikely to affect the Asian continent. The ambient concentrations of $PM_{2.5}$-related anions ($NH_4{^+}$, $NO_3{^-}$, and $SO_4{^{2-}}$) and their relative contributions to $PM_{2.5}$ were also investigated in four study areas. The concentrations of these major water-soluble ions exhibit not only strong spatial dependence but also different ratios to each other. Asbestos fiber (crocidolite and amosite) concentration values changed in the range of 2.5 to 14.4 f per liter of air. The number of pollen grains showed that Cedar ranked higher in concentration than other types of pollen, with the maximum concentration at site A.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

본 연구는 아스팔트 포장 파손을 복구하는 보수재료에 대한 연구이다. 현재 국내에서 사용되고 있는 네가지 종류 재료들에 대하여 실내 및 현장시험을 실시하였다. 실내 시험으로 마샬안정도시험, 간접인장시험, 수침잔류 안정도시험, 휠트랙킹 시험을 실시하였다. 또한 성능시험으로는 기존 아스팔트 콘크리트 혼합물과의 수평전단강도시험을 실시하였다. 현장시험은 아스팔트 포장 도로상에서 차량바퀴가 통과하는 지점에 패칭 슬래브를 제작하여 차량 통과에 따른 공용 결과를 관찰하였다. 실내시험 결과는 현재 적용되고 있는 설계 재료들의 기준은 수침잔류 안정도를 제외하고 만족하였다. Type C가 가장 높은 수평전단강도를 나타냈다. 그러나 시공후 10일 이후부터 소성변형과 탈리와 같은 파손이 발생하였다. 따라서 현재 사용되고 있는 상온보수 재료들을 현장에 적용할 경우에 우수한 성능을 기대할 수 없어서 조기파손을 방지할 수 있는 새로운 시험방법의 개발과 적용이 필요하다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제39권4호통권118호
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• pp.419-423
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 국내 토착종인 왜물개 (Aphyocypris chinensis)을 사용하여 4가지 농약(diazinon, iprodione, fenpropathrin, myclobutanil)의 급성독성을 평가하기 위하여 지수식으로 독성실험을 실시하여 96-hr $LC_{50}$ 값과 95% 신뢰한계를 구하였다. 각 실험농약의 96-hr $LC_{50}$ 값을 비교하여 왜몰개에 대한 급성독성이 높은 순서를 정리한 결과는 Fenproparthrin (0.003 mg $L^{-1}$)>Myclobutanil (9.1 mg $L^{-1}$)>Diazinon (14.1 mg $L^{-1}$)>Iprodione (31.8 mg $L^{-1}$) 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 사용된 4가지 농약에 대한 왜물개의 급성독성 값은 현재까지 보고된 다른 어종의 급성독성 값과 차이가 있었다. 그러므로 환경관리 및 규제목적으로 어류에 대한 급성독성실험 결과를 수질기준 또는 물질분류에 이용하기 위해서는 다양한 어류에 대한 급성독성 평가를 통하여 종합적 판단이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2014

일반적으로 도금 폐수를 비롯한 산업 폐수 내 중금속 처리에 적용되는 응집-침전은 응집제의 비용과 침전 효율의 불안정성이라는 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 수산화물 생성-분리막 공정을 전제로 하여, pH와 교반조건에 따른 수용액 상의 중금속 제거 효율과 생성된 수산화물의 입도 분포를 고찰하였다. pH별 실험 결과, pH 9-10에서 최적의 중금속 제거 효율이 확인되었으며, 무기응집제인 $FeCl_3$의 투입은 오히려 제거 효율을 저하시켰다. 완속교반 시간 및 강도는 70 rpm, 20 min 조건이 최대 효율을 보였으며 Cu, Ni, Zn 모두 청정 지역 기준 폐수 배출 기준을 만족하였다. 나타났다. 생성된 중금속 수산화물의 입도 분석을 수행한 결과, 입자의 99.9 %가 $2{\mu}m$ 이상이었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2005

The ministry of Environment, Korea, are designing the TMDL(Total Maximum daily Load) program far 4 major large rivers to improve water quality from possible pollutants. It can be successfully performed as controling of nonpoint pollutants from watershed area. Railway stations are stormwater intensive land use because of high imperviousness and high pollutant mass emissions from various activities. Especially the metal pollutants from the railway station were recognized as an important pollutants because of its toxicities. In order to characterize the washed-off pollutants. the monitoring were performed on a railway station during storms. Pollutant concentrations are exponentially decreasing during the storm duration. The 95％ confidence interval of pollutant concentrations in an hour storm duration ranges from 61.6 to 115.4mg/L for TSS(mean=88.50mg/L),103.8-244.1mg/L for COD(mean=174 mg/L) and 7.68-17.32mg/L for Oil & Grease(mean=12.5mg/L). The ranges of metals were 39.2-84.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L for total Cu(mean=61.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/L), 14.0-25.8$\mu\textrm{g}$/L for total Pb(mean=19.9$\mu\textrm{g}$/L) and 182.2-376.l $\mu\textrm{g}$/L for total Zn(mean=279.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/L). The first flush criteria for best management practices can be suggested to 50％ pollutant mass emissions during 30％ of the total flow.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.1485-1494
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• 2023

The bow of the nuclear fuel assembly is a well-known phenomenon. One of the vital criteria during the history of nuclear fuel development has been fuel assembly's mechanical stability. Once present, the fuel assembly bow can lead to safety issues like excessive water gap and power redistribution or even incomplete rod insertion (IRI). The extensive bow can result in assembly handling and loading problems. This is why the fuel assembly's bow is one of the most often controlled geometrical factors during periodic fuel inspections for VVER when compared e.g. to on-site fuel rod gap measurements or other instrumental measurements performed on-site. Our proposed screening method uses existing video records for fuel inspection. We establish video frames normalization and aggregation for the purposes of bow measurement. The whole process is done by digital image processing algorithms which analyze rotations of video frames, extract angles whose source is the fuel set torsion, and reconstruct torsion schema. This approach provides results comparable to the commonly utilized method. We tested this new approach in real operation on 19 fuel assemblies with different campaign numbers and designs, where the average deviation from other methods was less than 2 % on average. Due to the fact, that the method has not yet been validated during full scale measurements of the fuel inspection, the preliminary results stand for that we recommend this method as a complementary part of standard bow measurement procedures to increase measurement robustness, lower time consumption and preserve or increase accuracy. After completed validation it is expected that the proposed method allows standalone fuel assembly bow measurements.